Abstract:
La présente invention concerne une installation et un procédé de fabrication d'un candélabre d'éclairage public métallique à partir d'une ébauche pliée métallique présentant deux bords longitudinaux rapprochés l'un de l'autre de manière à former un plan de joint à souder. Le procédé comprend une étape de soudage dudit plan de joint pour former un cordon de soudure longitudinal, et une étape d'émerisage dudit cordon de soudure longitudinal. L'installation comprend une unité de soudage agencée pour souder en continu ledit plan de joint et former un cordon de soudure longitudinal, et une unité d'émerisage dudit cordon de soudure, disposée à la sortie de l'unité de soudage et agencée pour émeriser ledit cordon de soudure en continu et en temps masqué par rapport au soudage. Le candélabre métallique, bien qu'obtenu par soudage, présente un aspect esthétique uniforme, selon lequel le cordon de soudure n'est pratiquement plus apparent.
Abstract:
A method in a plasma processing system for processing a semiconductor substrate is disclosed. The plasma processing system includes a plasma processing chamber and an electrostatic chuck coupled to a bias compensation circuit. The method includes igniting a plasma in a plasma ignition step. Plasma ignition step is performed while a first bias compensation voltage provided by the bias compensation circuit to the chuck is substantially zero and while a first chamber pressure within the plasma processing chamber is below about 90 mTorr. The method further includes processing the substrate in a substrate-processing step after the plasma is ignited. The substrate-processing step employs a second bias compensation voltage provided by the bias compensation circuit that is higher than the first bias compensation voltage and a second chamber pressure substantially equal to the first chamber pressure.
Abstract:
Arc plasma torch generated by a torch module (410) installed on the bottom wall in the narrow section of a tapered S-band rectangular cavity (600), is used to seed microwave discharge where the microwave electric field is maximum. This tapered cavity (600) is designed to support TE103 mode. With seeding, only low Q cavity and moderate microwave power (time average power of 700 W) are needed. The microwave-enhanced discharge increases the size, cycle energy, and duty cycle of the seeding arc-torch plasma considerably. This torch can be run stably without introducing gas flow or run just using airflow. Adding airflow can increase not only the size of the torch plasma but also its cycle energy, which may reach a plateau of about 12 J/per cycle for the airflow rate exceeding 0.393 //s.
Abstract:
There is provided by this invention an apparatus and method of supplying to ignite a plasma wherein in the event of an arc a shunt switch is used to divert the power away from the plasma that is incorporated into an over-voltage protection circuit that controls the shunt switch to act as a boost switch when the arc is extinguished such that the stored inductor energy is used to boost the ignition voltage for reigniting the plasma if it is extinguished. When the arc is extinguished, the inductor current is diminished, and the plasma is ignited, then the switch S1 is turned OFF and the inductor energy goes to the plasma and the power supply operates in its normal operating mode.
Abstract:
A plasma generator, reactor and associated systems and methods are provided in accordance with the present invention. A plasma reactor may include multiple sections or modules which are removably coupled together to form a chamber. Associated with each section is an electrode set including three electrodes with each electrode being coupled to a single phase of a three-phase alternating current (AC) power supply. The electrodes are disposed about a longitudinal centerline of the chamber and are arranged to provide and extended arc and generate an extended body of plasma. The electrodes are displaceable relative to the longitudinal centerline of the chamber. A control system may be utilized so as to automatically displace the electrodes and define an electrode gap responsive to measure voltage or current levels of the associated power supply.
Abstract:
High carbon welding electrode is used in the welding of high strength steel using gas shielded arc welding techniques whereby a plurality of beads of molten weld material join together rail ends or fill a slot in a rail for repair purposes, the high carbon electrode avoiding adjacent soft and brittle areas across a weld fusion line which result from migration of carbon from the carbon rich high strength steel to the lower carbon weld deposit.
Abstract:
A process produces a welded seamless PIPE having good yield strength and excellent corrosion and/or erosion resistance. Up to a maximum outside diameter corrosion and/or erosion resistant CRA PIPE is cold worked from a welded hollow (23), rather than using the traditional seamless pierced hollow method. A high-speed roll-forming mill (17, 19) is also utilized, rather than using the slow traditional break press to form the welded hollow. Welded hollow dimensions can be achieved which comply with the method of cold working's capability to produce the yield strengths and dimensional tolerances required to meet the service criteria of the PIPE's intended application.
Abstract:
A system and method for cladding material onto a substrate (32) involves heating the substrate (32) using a high energy beam (18) and spray depositing molten clad material via a non-contact transfer process onto the substrate (32) in advance or coincident with a focal area (30) of the high energy beam (18).
Abstract:
L'invention porte sur un procédé de soudage à l'arc d'au moins une pièce (1) métallique sur une matrice (2) comprenant au moins une zone brasée (3) dont le brasage contient du cuivre et du phosphore, dans lequel on procède selon les étapes successives suivantes (a) on réalise sur au moins une partie de la zone brasée (3), un dépôt d'au moins une couche (5, 6, 7) de cuivre pur ou d'un alliage de cuivre pour lequel la limite de solubilité du phosphore est comprise entre environ 0.1 et 3.5 % à la température de solidification; et (b) on opère un soudage de la pièce (1) métallique sur ladite au moins une couche de cuivre (5, 6, 7) déposée à l'étape (a). Procédé de fabrication d'un échangeur thermique brasé en cuivre dans lequel on met en oeuvre un tel procédé de soudage. Echangeurs ainsi obtenus et leur utilisation dans la séparation cryogénique de gaz, en particulier d'air dans une unité de séparation cryogénique.