公开(公告)号：WO1995026125A1

公开(公告)日：1995-09-28

申请号：PCT/US1995003651

申请日：1995-03-22

Applicant: AAVID LABORATORIES, INC.

Inventor： AAVID LABORATORIES, INC. ,  LARSON, Ralph, I. ,  PHILLIPS, Richard, L.

IPC: H05K07/20

CPC classification number: H01L23/433 ,  F28D15/0241 ,  F28D15/0266 ,  F28F3/12 ,  F28F21/065 ,  F28F2265/12 ,  H01L23/427 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  Y10T29/49353 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A two-phase liquid cooling system for an electronic component comprised of flexible sealed bag which is partially filled with a liquid coolant. Sufficient residual non-condensing gas is maintained in the bag so that some of the gas dissolves in the liquid coolant when the device is not operating and at ambient temperature. During warm-up, the residual gas comes out of solution and creates nucleation sites that assist in initiating boiling. The bag is air and fluid-impermeable, and has sufficient flexibility such that as coolant vaporizes, the bag expands to maintain the internal bag pressure substantially the same as the ambient environmental pressure. The bag may also be provided with a metal heat spreader plate which passes through a wall of the bag and assists with transferring heat from the component to the coolant. The heat spreader plate may be specially treated to allow the flexible bag material to be directly heat sealed to the plate and to provide nucleation sites to enhance coolant boiling.

Abstract translation: 一种用于电子部件的两相液体冷却系统，包括部分填充有液体冷却剂的柔性密封袋。 足够的残余非冷凝气体保持在袋中，使得当装置不工作并且在环境温度时，一些气体溶解在液体冷却剂中。 在预热期间，残余气体从溶液中排出，并产生有助于开始沸腾的成核位点。 该袋是空气和流体不可渗透的，并具有足够的柔性，使得当冷却剂蒸发时，袋膨胀以保持内袋压力基本上与周围环境压力相同。 该袋还可以设置有穿过袋的壁的金属散热板，并有助于将热量从部件传递到冷却剂。 可以特别处理散热板以使柔性袋材料直接热封在板上并提供成核位置以增加冷却剂沸腾。

公开(公告)号：WO1995007547A1

公开(公告)日：1995-03-16

申请号：PCT/US1994010097

申请日：1994-09-09

Applicant: AAVID LABORATORIES, INC.

Inventor： AAVID LABORATORIES, INC. ,  LARSON, Ralph, I. ,  PHILLIPS, Richard, J.

IPC: H01L23/427

CPC classification number: F28D15/0266 ,  F28D15/0241 ,  F28F3/12 ,  F28F21/065 ,  F28F2215/06 ,  F28F2265/12 ,  H01L23/427 ,  H01L23/433 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A two-phase liquid cooling system has a container structure that has at least one wall with sufficient flexibility that the wall expands as the coolant vapor expands thereby maintaining the internal container pressure substantially the same as the ambient environmental pressure. Coolant boiling overshoot is reduced by allowing residual gases to remain in the cooling system. More particularly, sufficient residual gas is maintained in the system so that some of the gas dissolves in the liquid coolant when the device is not operating and is at ambient temperature. During warm-up, the residual gas comes out of solution and creates nucleation sites that initiate boiling and prevent overshoot. Additional nucleation sites can also be added to reduce overshoot by treating the inside surfaces of the container structure, for example by laser machining, to create nucleation sites.

Abstract translation: 两相液体冷却系统具有容器结构，该容器结构具有至少一个具有足够柔性的壁，当冷却剂蒸气膨胀时，壁膨胀，从而使内部容器压力基本上与周围环境压力相同。 通过允许残留气体残留在冷却系统中来减少冷却液沸腾过冲。 更具体地，在系统中保持足够的残留气体，使得当装置不工作并处于环境温度时，一些气体溶解在液体冷却剂中。 在预热期间，残余气体从溶液中排出并产生成核区，起始沸腾并防止过冲。 还可以加入另外的成核位点以通过例如通过激光加工处理容器结构的内表面以产生成核位点来减少过冲。

公开(公告)号：WO1996003611A1

公开(公告)日：1996-02-08

申请号：PCT/US1995009558

申请日：1995-07-27

Applicant: AAVID LABORATORIES, INC.

Inventor： AAVID LABORATORIES, INC. ,  LARSON, Ralph, I. ,  PHILLIPS, Richard, L.

IPC: F28D15/02

CPC classification number: F28F21/00 ,  F28D15/0241 ,  H01L23/427 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A heat pipe (10) which is flexible and thus conformable to the space in which it is to be deployed consists of two or three layers, namely, a relatively thin, highly conductive plate (12) as a bottom layer, a plastic sheet (16) as a top layer and wicking (14) as an optional middle layer. The bottom plate (12) has a relatively high modulus of elasticity and it is stiff, yet ductile. It is preferably made of metal, such as aluminum, or a plastic sheet or plate. To manufacture the heat pipe (10), the bottom (12) and top layers (16) are aligned, with the wicking (14) between them, and sealed together around three edges. Liquid coolant is then added and the fourth edge is sealed. The sealing is preferably performed by heat sealing. The heat pipe (10) may include heat-dissipating fins (36) or ridges on the end of the pipe that operates as a condenser. The opposing end of the pipe, which acts as the evaporator, is positioned proximate to a heat-generating component. In an alternative embodiment, additional layers of plastic and optional wicking are attached to an otherwise exposed surface of the bottom plate. The heat pipe is narrow and can thus be installed in existing space proximate to a heat generating component, flexing and/or elastically deforming as necessary to facilitate installation. Further, the heat pipe can be bent, to conform to the shape of the component.

Abstract translation: 柔性的并因此与其展开的空间相适应的热管（10）由两层或三层组成，即作为底层的较薄的，高度导电的板（12），塑料片（ 16）作为顶层和芯吸（14）作为可选的中间层。 底板（12）具有相对高的弹性模量，并且它是刚性的，而且是延性的。 它最好由诸如铝的金属或塑料片或板制成。 为了制造热管（10），底部（12）和顶层（16）与它们之间的芯吸（14）对准，并围绕三个边缘密封在一起。 然后加入液体冷却剂，第四边缘被密封。 密封优选通过热封进行。 热管（10）可以包括作为冷凝器操作的管的端部上的散热翅片（36）或脊。 用作蒸发器的管的相对端靠近发热部件定位。 在替代实施例中，附加的塑料层和可选的芯吸附接到底板的另外暴露的表面。 热管较窄，因此可以安装在靠近发热部件的现有空间中，根据需要弯曲和/或弹性变形以便于安装。 此外，热管可以弯曲，以符合部件的形状。

公开(公告)号：WO1996037366A1

公开(公告)日：1996-11-28

申请号：PCT/US1996007372

申请日：1996-05-22

Applicant: AAVID LABORATORIES, INC.

Inventor： AAVID LABORATORIES, INC. ,  LARSON, Ralph, I. ,  PHILLIPS, Richard, J.

IPC: B32B27/08

CPC classification number: B32B15/085 ,  B32B7/12 ,  B32B15/08 ,  B32B15/20 ,  B32B27/281 ,  B32B27/32 ,  B32B37/153 ,  B32B2307/3065 ,  B32B2307/7246 ,  B32B2311/24 ,  B32B2323/10 ,  F28F3/12 ,  H01L23/427 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A two-phase liquid cooling system has a container structure that has at least one wall with sufficient flexibility that the wall expands as the coolant vapor expands thereby maintaining the internal container pressure substantially the same as the ambient environmental pressure. Coolant boiling overshoot is reduced by allowing residual gases to remain in the cooling system. More particularly, sufficient residual gas is maintained in the system so that some of the gas dissolves in the liquid coolant when the device is not operating and is at ambient temperature. During warmup, the residual gas comes out of solution and creates nucleation sites that initiate boiling and prevent overshoot. Additional nucleation sites can also be added to reduce overshoot by treating the inside surfaces of the container structure, for example by laser machining, to create nucleation sites. The condenser is preferably made of a three-layer material which includes a KAPTON3 outer layer, an aluminum central layer, and a polypropylene inner layer.

Abstract translation: 两相液体冷却系统具有容器结构，该容器结构具有至少一个具有足够柔性的壁，当冷却剂蒸气膨胀时，壁膨胀，从而使内部容器压力基本上与周围环境压力相同。 通过允许残留气体残留在冷却系统中来减少冷却液沸腾过冲。 更具体地，在系统中保持足够的残留气体，使得当装置不工作并处于环境温度时，一些气体溶解在液体冷却剂中。 在加热期间，残余气体从溶液中排出，并产生成核区域，起始沸腾并防止过冲。 还可以加入另外的成核位点以通过例如通过激光加工处理容器结构的内表面以产生成核位点来减少过冲。 冷凝器优选由包括KAPTON3外层，铝中心层和聚丙烯内层的三层材料制成。

公开(公告)号：WO1996007854A1

公开(公告)日：1996-03-14

申请号：PCT/US1995011057

申请日：1995-08-31

Applicant: AAVID LABORATORIES, INC.

Inventor： AAVID LABORATORIES, INC. ,  LARSON, Ralph, I. ,  PHILLIPS, Richard, J. ,  GUZOWSKI, Lawrence ,  SAMAROV, Victor, M.

IPC: F21V29/00

CPC classification number: F21V29/56 ,  F21V9/12 ,  F21V15/04 ,  F21Y2103/30 ,  F21Y2115/10 ,  G02F1/133385

Abstract: A liquid crystal (LC) display monitor has a high luminosity light source to provide good visibility in brightly lit areas. To prevent overheating of the LC screen and other components of the monitor, a two-phase cooler is provided. The cooler consists of two translucent, flexible bag-like containers, each conforming to a different side of the light source. A low-boiling point coolant within the containers absorbs heat from the light source and is partially vaporized. The coolant vapor travels from the containers into a condenser which is external to the monitor cabinet. The condenser draws thermal energy out of the coolant vapor, causing it to condense and return to the containers. The containers provide shock absorption to protect the light source, and the containers or the coolant may have light-scattering properties to provide diffusion of the light. Other alternatives include locating the light source within the containers or placing the container in contact with the LC screen rather than with the light source.

Abstract translation: 液晶（LC）显示器具有高亮度的光源，可以在明亮的地方提供良好的可视性。 为了防止LC屏幕和显示器的其他部件过热，提供了两相冷却器。 冷却器由两个半透明的柔性袋状容器组成，每个容器均符合光源的不同侧面。 容器内的低沸点冷却剂从光源吸收热量并部分蒸发。 冷却剂蒸汽从容器运行到在监视器柜外部的冷凝器中。 冷凝器将热能从冷却剂蒸气中抽出，使其冷凝并返回容器。 容器提供减震以保护光源，并且容器或冷却剂可具有光散射性质以提供光的扩散。 其他替代方案包括将光源定位在容器内或使容器与LC屏幕接触而不是与光源接触。

公开(公告)号：WO1995026048A1

公开(公告)日：1995-09-28

申请号：PCT/US1995003654

申请日：1995-03-22

Applicant: AAVID LABORATORIES, INC.

Inventor： AAVID LABORATORIES, INC. ,  LARSON, Ralph, I. ,  PHILLIPS, Richard, L.

IPC: H01L23/427

CPC classification number: F28D15/0233 ,  F28D15/0266 ,  F28F3/022 ,  F28F3/12 ,  F28F21/08 ,  H01L23/427 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A two-phase cooling apparatus uses a radioactive initiator to induce boiling in a liquid coolant, thus reducing thermal hysteresis. A radioactive source, such as spent uranium, is immersed in a liquid coolant bath to allow interaction between the emitted radiation and the liquid. A heat spreader plate may be used to conduct heat to the liquid from a unit to be cooled. An interior surface of a coolant chamber, such as the heat spreader plate, may be plated with a radioactive material to induce a high incidence of nucleation sites. A shielding material may also be used to shield the unit being cooled from the radioactive source. The radioactive source material may also be used to retrofit existing two-phase cooling systems.

Abstract translation: 两相冷却装置使用放射性引发剂来引起液体冷却剂中的沸腾，从而减少热滞后。 将诸如废铀的放射源浸入液体冷却剂浴中以允许发射的辐射和液体之间的相互作用。 可以使用散热板来将热量从要冷却的单元传导到液体。 诸如散热器板的冷却剂室的内表面可以镀有放射性材料以引起成核位置的高发生率。 也可以使用屏蔽材料来屏蔽被放射源的被冷却单元。 放射源材料也可用于改造现有的两相冷却系统。