Abstract:
A power supply system comprises a parallel arrangement of a linear amplifier (LA) and a DC-DC converter (CO). An output of the linear amplifier (LA) is directly coupled to a load (LO) for supplying a first current (II) to the load (LO). The DC-DC converter (CO) has a converter output coupled to the load (LO) for supplying a second current (12) to the load (LO). The linear amplifier (LA) comprises a first amplifier stage (OSl) to supply the first current (II), and the second amplifier stage (OS2) to generate a third current (13) being proportional to the first current (II). The first amplifier stage (OSl) and the second amplifier stage (OS2) have matched components. The DC-DC converter (CO) further comprises a controller (CON) having a control input for receiving a voltage generated by the third current (13) to control the second current (12) for minimizing a DC-component of the first current (II).
Abstract:
A power supply system comprises a parallel arrangement of a linear amplifier (LA) and a DC-DC converter (CO). The linear amplifier (LA) has an amplifier output to supply a first current (II) to the load (LO). The DC-DC converter (CO) comprises: a converter output for supplying a second current (12) to the load (LO), a first inductor (Ll), and a switch (SC) coupled to the first inductor (Ll) for generating a current in the first inductor (Ll), and a low-pass filter (FI) arranged between the first inductor (Ll) and the load (LO). The low pass filter (FI) comprises a first capacitor (Cl; CA) which has a first terminal coupled to the switch (SC) an a second terminal coupled to a reference voltage level (GND), and a second inductor (L2; LC) which has a first terminal coupled to the first inductor (Ll) and a second terminal coupled to the load (LO). The low-pass filter further comprises, either: (i) a series arrangement of a second capacitor (C2) and a damping resistor (R2), which series arrangement is arranged in parallel with the first capacitor (Cl), or (ii) a parallel arrangement of a third capacitor (CB) and a damping resistor (RB) arranged in series with the first capacitor (CA), or (iii) a series arrangement of a third inductor (L3) and a damping resistor (R3), which series arrangement is arranged in parallel with the second inductor (L2), or (iv) a parallel arrangement of a fourth inductor (LD) and a damping resistor (RD), which parallel arrangement is arranged in series with the second inductor (LC).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to an improved PTAT current source and a respective method for generating a PTAT current. Opportune collector currents are generated and forced in two transistors exploiting the logarithmic relation between the base-emitter voltage and the collector current of a transistor. A resistor senses a voltage difference between the base-emitter voltages of the two transistors, which can have either the same or different areas. A fraction of the current flowing through the resistor is forced into a transistor collector and mirrored by an output transistor for providing an output current. By this principle an all npn-transistor PTAT current source can be provided that does not need pup transistors as in conventional PTAT current sources. The invention is generally applicable to a variety of different types of integrated circuits needing a PTAT current reference, especially in modern advanced technologies as InP and GaAs where p-type devices are not available. For example, the PTAT current source circuit of the invention can be used in radio frequency power amplifiers, in radio frequency tag circuits, in a satellite microwave front-end.
Abstract:
A transmitter comprises a power amplifier (PA) which has an amplifier powersupply input (PI) and an output (PAO) to supply a transmission signal (Vo) with an output power (Po). A power supply (PS) has power supply outputs (PSO1, PSO2) to supply a first power supply voltage (PVl) and a second power supply voltage (PV2). A switching circuit(SC) is arranged between the power supply outputs (PSO 1, PSO2) and the amplifier powersupply input (PI). A controller (CO) has an input to receive a power change command (PC) to control: first (i) the switching circuit (SC) to supply the first power supply voltage (PV1) to the amplifier power-supply input (PI), and the power supply (PS) to vary a level of the second power supply voltage (PV2), the level of the second power supply voltage (PV2) being lower or higher than a level of the first power supply voltage(PV 1) if the power change command (PC) indicates that the output power has to decrease or increase, respectively, and secondly (ii) the switching circuit (SC) to supply the second power supply voltage (PV2) to the amplifier power-supply input (PI).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging apparatus comprising: a main magnet (122) adapted for generating a main magnetic field; at least one radio frequency receiver coil unit (144) for acquiring magnetic resonance signals in a receiver coil radio frequency band (202) from an examined object (124); means (140) for inductively supplying electric power to an electric component of the apparatus, wherein the electric component is adapted to be powered by inductively supplied electric power, wherein the power transfer frequency (200) and the higher harmonics (206) of the power transfer frequency (200) for inductively supplying the electric power are located outside the receiver coil radio frequency band (202).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a magnetic sensor device (100) with a primary and secondary detection unit (P, S), each of which comprises a magnetic sensor element and a magnetic field generator. In a preferred embodiment, the magnetic sensor elements are GMR elements (12, 22) with the same sensitive directions (D 12 , D 22 ), and the magnetic field generators are parallel wires (11, 21) which are supplied by an evaluation and control unit (40) with anti-parallel magnetic excitation currents. The magnetic excitation currents generate magnetic excitation fields (Bn, B2i) with opposite sense of rotation which in turn induce oppositely directed magnetic reaction fields (B' 11 , B' 21 ) in magnetized particles (1) provided in an investigation region (2). The magnetic reaction fields (B' 11 , B' 21 ) therefore have opposite effects on the GMR elements, yielding an increase in the difference (Δ) between the output signals of these elements. In a preferred embodiment, four detection units are arranged in a Wheatstone bridge.
Abstract:
A current-mode controlled DC/DC converter receives an input voltage (Vb) and supplies an output voltage (Vo). A controllable switch (S1) is coupled to an inductor (L) to obtain a periodically varying inductor current (IL) through the inductor (L). A current-mode controller (1) compares (10) the output voltage (Vo) with a reference voltage (Ver) to Obtain an error signal (ER), and applies (11) a transfer function on the error signal (ER) to obtain a control signal (CO; CIO). A correction circuit (7) adds to the control signal (CO; ICO) a correction signal (ICR) representative for a difference between an original value of the control signal (CO; ICO) and an average value of the inductor current (IL) to obtain a modified control signal (MCO; IMC). A drive circuit (3, 4) compares (3) a sensed signal (SE) being representative for the inductor current (IL) with the modified control signal (MCO; ICO) to switch off (4) the controllable switch (S1) when a level of the sensed signal (SE) reaches a level of the modified control signal (MCO; ICO).
Abstract:
A power supply system comprises a parallel arrangement of a first switched mode power supply (1) which has a first system bandwidth (LB 1) and a second switched mode power supply (2) which has a second system bandwidth (LB2) covering higher frequencies than the first system bandwidth (LB 1). The first switched mode power supply (1) is dimensioned to supply a first maximal output power (P1m), the second switched mode power supply (2) is dimensioned to supply a second maximal output power (P2m) being smaller than the first maximal output power (Plm). A control circuit (3) varies a reference voltage (Vr) of both the first switched mode power supply (1) and the second switched mode power supply (2) to obtain a corresponding variation of an output voltage (Vout) of the parallel arrangement.
Abstract:
A power supply system comprises a parallel arrangement of a linear amplifier (LA) and a DC-DC converter (CO). The linear amplifier (LA) has an amplifier output to supply a first current (II) to the load (LO). The DC-DC converter (CO) comprises: a converter output for supplying a second current (12) to the load (LO), a first inductor (Ll), and a switch (SC) coupled to the first inductor (Ll) for generating a current in the first inductor (Ll), and a low-pass filter (FI) arranged between the first inductor (Ll) and the load (LO). The low pass filter (FI) comprises a first capacitor (Cl; CA) which has a first terminal coupled to the switch (SC) an a second terminal coupled to a reference voltage level (GND), and a second inductor (L2; LC) which has a first terminal coupled to the first inductor (Ll) and a second terminal coupled to the load (LO). The low-pass filter further comprises, either: (i) a series arrangement of a second capacitor (C2) and a damping resistor (R2), which series arrangement is arranged in parallel with the first capacitor (Cl), or (ii) a parallel arrangement of a third capacitor (CB) and a damping resistor (RB) arranged in series with the first capacitor (CA), or (iii) a series arrangement of a third inductor (L3) and a damping resistor (R3), which series arrangement is arranged in parallel with the second inductor (L2), or (iv) a parallel arrangement of a fourth inductor (LD) and a damping resistor (RD), which parallel arrangement is arranged in series with the second inductor (LC).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to an improved PTAT current source and a respective method for generating a PTAT current. Opportune collector currents are generated and forced in two transistors exploiting the logarithmic relation between the base-emitter voltage and the collector current of a transistor. A resistor connected between the base terminals of said two transistors senses a voltage difference between the base-emitter voltages of the two transistors, which can have either the same or different areas. A fraction of the current flowing through the resistor is forced into a transistor collector and mirrored by an output transistor for providing an output current. By this principle an all npn-transistor PTAT current source can be provided that does not need pup transistors as in conventional PTAT current sources. The invention is generally applicable to a variety of different types of integrated circuits needing a PTAT current reference.