IMPROVEMENTS IN DIESEL PARTICULATE CONTROL
    2.
    发明申请
    IMPROVEMENTS IN DIESEL PARTICULATE CONTROL 审中-公开
    柴油颗粒控制的改进

    公开(公告)号:WO2007136753A3

    公开(公告)日:2008-07-10

    申请号:PCT/US2007011911

    申请日:2007-05-18

    Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for reducing emissions of particulates from diesel engines. Exhaust is passed through a diesel particular filter having at least two stages comprised of (a) a catalyst section having a platinum group metal catalyst on contact surfaces within the catalyst section and (b) a filter section comprised of passages effective to remove particulates from a moving stream of combustion gases generated by combusting the fuel in the engine and holding them therein to permit their oxidation. Carbon removal is enhanced by utilizing levels of platinum group metal composition, cerium compositions, fuels and/or optional chemical enhancers to generate NO 2 in the catalyst section in amounts sufficient to form cerium nitrates in the filter section. The cerium oxide is associated with and maintains dispersion of the platinum in the filter section, and the cerium nitrates are available at the surface and within the soot particles to provide enhanced soot oxidation at a lower balance point.

    Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于减少来自柴油发动机的颗粒物排放的方法和装置。 排气通过具有至少两个阶段的柴油特定过滤器,所述两个阶段包括(a)在催化剂部分内的接触表面上具有铂族金属催化剂的催化剂部分,和(b)过滤部分,其包括有效地从 通过燃烧发动机中的燃料并将其保持在其中以允许其氧化而产生的燃烧气体流。 通过利用铂族金属组合物,铈组合物,燃料和/或任选的化学增强剂的含量,在催化剂部分中以足以在过滤器部分中形成硝酸铈的量的量产生NO 2 2来提高碳去除。 氧化铈与铂在过滤器部分中的分散相关并且保持其分散,硝酸铈可在表面和烟灰颗粒内获得,以在较低的平衡点提供增强的烟灰氧化。

    PROCESS FOR CONVERTING POLYSACCHARIDES IN AN INORGANIC MOLTEN SALT HYDRATE
    4.
    发明申请
    PROCESS FOR CONVERTING POLYSACCHARIDES IN AN INORGANIC MOLTEN SALT HYDRATE 审中-公开
    在无机盐水中转化多糖的方法

    公开(公告)号:WO2010106057A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-09-23

    申请号:PCT/EP2010/053363

    申请日:2010-03-16

    CPC classification number: C07D493/04 C08H8/00 C10L1/1852 C10L1/191 C13K1/02

    Abstract: A process is disclosed for converting polysaccharide-containing biomass material to platform chemicals. The process comprises dissolving the polysaccharides in an inorganic molten salt hydrate, converting the polysaccharides to monosaccharides, and converting the monosaccharides to platform chemicals that are easily separable from the inorganic molten salt hydrate. The process comprises a dehydration step in which sugar alcohols are converted to the corresponding (di) anhydro sugars. The dehydration step is carried out in the substantial absence of transition metal salts.

    Abstract translation: 公开了将多糖生物质材料转化为平台化学品的方法。 该方法包括将多糖溶解在无机熔融盐水合物中,将多糖转化为单糖,并将单糖转化为易于与无机熔融盐水合物分离的平台化学品。 该方法包括将糖醇转化成相应的(二)脱水糖的脱水步骤。 脱水步骤基本上不存在过渡金属盐进行。

    IMPROVEMENTS IN DIESEL PARTICULATE CONTROL
    5.
    发明申请
    IMPROVEMENTS IN DIESEL PARTICULATE CONTROL 审中-公开
    柴油颗粒控制的改进

    公开(公告)号:WO2007136753A2

    公开(公告)日:2007-11-29

    申请号:PCT/US2007/011911

    申请日:2007-05-18

    Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for reducing emissions of particulates from diesel engines. Exhaust is passed through a diesel particular filter having at least two stages comprised of (a) a catalyst section having a platinum group metal catalyst on contact surfaces within the catalyst section and (b) a filter section comprised of passages effective to remove particulates from a moving stream of combustion gases generated by combusting the fuel in the engine and holding them therein to permit their oxidation. Carbon removal is enhanced by utilizing levels of platinum group metal composition, cerium compositions, fuels and/or optional chemical enhancers to generate NO 2 in the catalyst section in amounts sufficient to form cerium nitrates in the filter section. The cerium oxide is associated with and maintains dispersion of the platinum in the filter section, and the cerium nitrates are available at the surface and within the soot particles to provide enhanced soot oxidation at a lower balance point.

    Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于减少来自柴油发动机的颗粒物排放的方法和装置。 排气通过具有至少两个阶段的柴油特定过滤器,所述两个阶段包括(a)在催化剂部分内的接触表面上具有铂族金属催化剂的催化剂部分,和(b)过滤部分,其包括有效地从 通过燃烧发动机中的燃料并将其保持在其中以允许其氧化而产生的燃烧气体流。 通过利用铂族金属组合物,铈组合物,燃料和/或任选的化学增强剂的含量,在催化剂部分中以足以在过滤器部分中形成硝酸铈的量的量产生NO 2 2来提高碳去除。 氧化铈与铂在过滤器部分中的分散相关并且保持其分散,硝酸铈可在表面和烟灰颗粒内获得,以在较低的平衡点提供增强的烟灰氧化。

    PROCESS FOR CONVERTING POLYSACCHARIDES IN AN INORGANIC MOLTEN SALT HYDRATE
    10.
    发明申请
    PROCESS FOR CONVERTING POLYSACCHARIDES IN AN INORGANIC MOLTEN SALT HYDRATE 审中-公开
    在无机盐水中转化多糖的方法

    公开(公告)号:WO2010106055A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-09-23

    申请号:PCT/EP2010/053361

    申请日:2010-03-16

    CPC classification number: C13K1/02 C10L1/1802 C10L1/1826

    Abstract: A process is disclosed for converting polysaccharide-containing biomass material to platform chemicals. The biomass material preferably is sugar cane or sugar beet material. The process comprises dissolving the polysaccharides in a inorganic molten salt hydrate, converting the polysaccharides to monosaccharides, and converting the monosaccharides to platform chemicals that are easily separable from the inorganic molten salt hydrate. The step of converting the polysaccharides to monosaccharides is conducted in the substantial absence of mineral acid.

    Abstract translation: 公开了将多糖生物质材料转化为平台化学品的方法。 生物质材料优选为甘蔗或甜菜料。 该方法包括将多糖溶解在无机熔融盐水合物中,将多糖转化为单糖,并将单糖转化为易于与无机熔融盐水合物分离的平台化学品。 将多糖转化为单糖的步骤在基本上不含无机酸的情况下进行。

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