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    THREE-PHASE EMULSIFIED FUEL AND METHODS OF PREPARATION AND USE
    5.
    发明申请
    THREE-PHASE EMULSIFIED FUEL AND METHODS OF PREPARATION AND USE 审中-公开
    三相乳化燃料及其制备和使用方法

    公开(公告)号：WO2012012644A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-01-26

    申请号：PCT/US2011/044866

    申请日：2011-07-21

    申请人： AVILA, German, V.

    发明人： AVILA, German, V.

    IPC分类号： C10L1/32

    CPC分类号： C10L1/328 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1826 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/2225 ,  C10L1/2431 ,  C10L1/2437

    摘要： The present invention relates to an air- water-hydrocarbon three-phase micro- emulsified fuel prepared by adding water, air, and emulsifier compositions to liquid hydrocarbon fuels, to the methods of preparation, and to the uses of the micro-emulsions. The three-phase micro-emulsion fuel is prepared by emulsifying heavy hydrocarbons such as bunker fuel oil and heavy petroleum from the fraction distillation of petroleum, with water or an aqueous solution, air, and emulsifier compositions, in which the hydrocarbon fuel and the air form a dispersed phase and the aqueous solution forms a continuous phase. The resulting emulsified fuel is to be used as an alternative energy fuel in internal combustion engines, boilers, heaters, furnaces, combustion turbines or power plants offering the advantages of lower viscosity, higher performance and cleaner burning than the original fuel.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过向液体烃燃料中加入水，空气和乳化剂组合物制备的空气 - 水 - 烃三相微乳化燃料，其制备方法和微乳液的用途。 三相微乳液燃料是通过从石油馏分蒸馏中将重质烃如燃料油和重质石油与水或水溶液，空气和乳化剂组合物进行乳化而制备的，其中烃燃料和空气 形成分散相，水溶液形成连续相。 所产生的乳化燃料将用作内燃机，锅炉，加热器，熔炉，燃气轮机或电厂中的替代能源燃料，其具有比原始燃料更低的粘度，更高的性能和更清洁的燃烧的优点。

    PYROLYSIS OIL CONTAINING FUEL, METHOD FOR PREPARING THE FUEL AND USE THEREOF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
    7.
    发明申请
    PYROLYSIS OIL CONTAINING FUEL, METHOD FOR PREPARING THE FUEL AND USE THEREOF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 审中-公开
    含氟燃料的热解油，燃料的制备方法和内燃机的使用

    公开(公告)号：WO2011120542A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-10-06

    申请号：PCT/EP2010/002114

    申请日：2010-04-01

    申请人： CATERPILLAR MOTOREN GMBH & CO. KG ,  REEH, Jens-Uwe

    发明人： REEH, Jens-Uwe

    IPC分类号： C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/04 ,  C10L1/32

    CPC分类号： C10L1/1802 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/026 ,  C10L1/04 ,  C10L1/1826 ,  C10L1/328 ,  F02B43/00 ,  Y02E50/13

    摘要： The present disclosure refers to a pyrolysis oil containing fuel free of emulsifiers, wherein the fuel may be an emulsion of (a) at least one mineral oil and/or synthetic oil and/or natural oil in (b) a pyrolysis oil in a ratio of (a):(b), in weight %, of, e.g., 1 to 15:99 to 85, optionally containing a lubricant. The Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) D 32 of droplets of (a) in the emulsion may be in a range of 1 μm to 15 μm. An internal combustion engine system according to the present disclosure may comprise a reservoir (1) for pyrolysis oil, a reservoir (2) for mineral oil and/or synthetic oil and/or natural oil, a homogenizer (4) configured to provide an emulsion from said pyrolysis oil and said mineral oil and/or synthetic oil and/or natural oil. The homogenizer (4) may include an inlet (4a) connected with said reservoirs (1, 2) and an outlet (4b). The system may also comprise an internal combustion engine (5) which may include at least one combustion chamber (5b), wherein the outlet (4b) of the homogenizer (4) may be connected to the internal combustion engine (5) for operating the same by burning the emulsion.

    摘要翻译： 本公开涉及含有不含乳化剂的燃料的热解油，其中燃料可以是（a）至少一种矿物油和/或合成油和/或天然油的乳液，（b）热解油的比例 （a）：（b），重量％，例如1至15:99至85，任选地含有润滑剂。 乳液中（a）的液滴的Sauter Mean Diameter（SMD）D32可以在1μm至15μm的范围内。 根据本公开的内燃机系统可以包括用于热解油的储存器（1），用于矿物油和/或合成油和/或天然油的储存器（2），均化器（4），其构造成提供乳液 来自所述热解油和所述矿物油和/或合成油和/或天然油。 均化器（4）可以包括与所述储存器（1,2）连接的入口（4a）和出口（4b）。 该系统还可以包括可以包括至少一个燃烧室（5b）的内燃机（5），其中均化器（4）的出口（4b）可以连接到内燃机（5），用于操作 通过燃烧乳液相同。

    PROTECTION OF LIQUID FUELS
    8.
    发明申请
    PROTECTION OF LIQUID FUELS 审中-公开
    液体燃料的保护

    公开(公告)号：WO2011095825A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-08-11

    申请号：PCT/GB2011/050206

    申请日：2011-02-07

    申请人： PALOX LIMITED ,  MARTIN, David William ,  POSSELT, Dietmar ,  OETTER, Günter ,  KIEFER, Matthias

    发明人： MARTIN, David William ,  POSSELT, Dietmar ,  OETTER, Günter ,  KIEFER, Matthias

    IPC分类号： C10L1/14

    CPC分类号： C10L1/143 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1826 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/2222 ,  C10L1/328 ,  C10L2200/0254 ,  C10L2200/043 ,  C10L2250/084 ,  C10L2270/04

    摘要： A liquid concentrate comprising essentially: (A) 0.1 to 10 wt.% of one or more amphoteric emulsifying agents; (B) 30 to 95 wt.% of one or more nonionic alkoxylated surfactants; (C) 0 to 20 wt.% of one or more glycol-based solubilizers; and (D) 0 to 65 wt.% of one or more organic solvents; wherein component (B) comprises a mixture of C 6 -C 15 -alkanol ethoxylates with different carbon numbers for the alkanol unit species, the carbon numbers for the two C 6 -C 15 -alkanol ethoxylates which have the highest share in weight in the mixture being at least 1.5 carbon numbers distant from each other, is useful for reducing or eliminating the formation in a liquid hydrocarbon fuel of ice particles having a weight average particle size greater than 1 µm when said liquid hydrocarbon fuel is cooled to temperatures in the range of from 0 to -50°C.

    摘要翻译： 一种液体浓缩物，主要包含：（A）0.1至10重量％的一种或多种两性乳化剂; （B）30至95重量％的一种或多种非离子烷氧基化表面活性剂; （C）0至20重量％的一种或多种基于乙二醇的增溶剂; 和（D）0至65重量％的一种或多种有机溶剂; 其中组分（B）包含对于链烷醇单元种类具有不同碳数的C 6 -C 15 - 烷醇乙氧基化物的混合物，在混合物中具有最高重量份数的两个C 6 -C 15 - 烷醇乙氧基化物的碳数至少为 当碳氢化合物燃料被冷却至0〜0℃的温度范围内时，对于重量平均粒径大于1μm的冰粒子的液体烃燃料的形成， -50℃。

    BIODIESEL PROCESS
    10.
    发明申请
    BIODIESEL PROCESS 审中-公开
    生物柴油过程

    公开(公告)号：WO2008123925A2

    公开(公告)日：2008-10-16

    申请号：PCT/US2008003759

    申请日：2008-03-21

    申请人： CPS BIOFUELS INC ,  BRADIN DAVID ,  GRUNE GUERRY L

    发明人： BRADIN DAVID ,  GRUNE GUERRY L

    IPC分类号： C10L1/18 ,  C07C51/43 ,  C11B13/00

    CPC分类号： C11B3/005 ,  C10G2300/1011 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1826 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10L10/14 ,  C11B3/02 ,  C11C3/003 ,  Y02E50/13 ,  Y02P30/20

    摘要： Processes for producing biodiesel compositions are disclosed. FFAs present in the triglycerides can be removed by reaction with isobutylene, or by Kolbe electrolysis. The Kolbe electrolysis can be performed on the starting material, or on the crude glycerol. The triglycerides are transesterified to form alkyl esters of the fatty acids and glycerol. The transesterification reaction can be catalyzed by an alkoxide, rather than a hydroxide, to help keep the glycerol by-product dry. The alkoxide salt can be neutralized by reaction with a dry acid, such as gaseous hydrogen chloride or sulfuric acid, and the resulting alcohol removed by distillation, and at least a portion of the neutralized salt can be removed by filtration or decantation. The process can provide improved biodiesel yields, and glycerol pure enough for use directly in glycerol ether manufacture.

    摘要翻译： 公开了生产生物柴油组合物的方法。 存在于甘油三酯中的FFAs可以通过与异丁烯反应或通过Kolbe电解除去。 Kolbe电解可以在原料上进行，也可以在粗甘油上进行。 甘油三酯进行酯交换以形成脂肪酸和甘油的烷基酯。 酯交换反应可以由醇盐而不是氢氧化物催化，以帮助保持甘油副产物干燥。 该醇盐可以通过与干燥的酸例如气态氯化氢或硫酸反应来中和，并通过蒸馏除去所得的醇，并且可以通过过滤或倾析除去至少一部分中和的盐。 该工艺可以提供更高的生物柴油产量，而甘油的纯度足以直接用于甘油醚生产。