Abstract:
A process for producing a 2-isocephem derivative which comprises treating, in a water-containing organic solvent, a 2-azetidinyl-3,4-dihalogeno-2-butenoic acid compound represented by general formula (1) with a thioacetic acid derivative showing basicity per se or a mixture of a base with a thioacetic acid derivative to thereby give a 3-halomethyl-2-isocephem derivative represented by general formula (2); and a process for producing a 2-oxaisocephem derivative which comprises treating, in a water-containing organic solvent, a 2-azetidinyl-3,4-dihalogeno-2-butenoic acid compound represented by general formula (1) with a base to thereby give a 3-halomethyl-2-oxaisocephem derivative represented by general formula (3); in formula (1), R represents hydrogen or optionally protected amino; R represents hydrogen or lower alkoxy, or R and R may form together a cyclic amino protecting group; R represents hydrogen or a carboxyl protecting group; W represents a leaving group; and X and Y may be the same or different and each represents halogeno; in formula (2), R , R , R and X are each as defined above; in formula (3), R , R , R and X are each as defined above.
Abstract:
An ozonide reducing agent to be used in the ozonolysis of organic compounds, which has a wide application area and is industrially safe, inexpensive, and easy to aftertreat. The agent is a compound bearing a sulfur atom and, bonded thereto, two hydrocarbon radicals substituted by polar functional groups.
Abstract:
A process for producing a diazomethane derivative by oxidizing a hydrazone derivative in a two-phase system containing: a) an aqueous solution of a mixture of a caustic alkali and an alkali metal hypochlorite in respective concentrations of 4-14 w/w % and 3-10 w/w % based on the total weight of the solution; b) a hydrophobic organic solvent; c) an inorganic iodine compound, and d) a phase-transfer catalyst.
Abstract:
A cephem compound represented by general formula (I) and excellent in the bactericidal effect against various pathogenic bacteria, wherein Q represents CH or N; R1 represents carboxylate, etc.; R represents (II) or (III); R2 represents lower alkyl, etc.; n represents an integer of 0, 1 to 3; B- represents an anion; f represents 0 when R1 represents carboxylate and 1 when R1 represents carboxyl; and ring C represents a 5-membered heterocyclic group which contains at most four nitrogen atoms and may be substituted by lower alkyl.
Abstract:
A polymerizable monomer represented by general formula (1), a polymer thereof, a process for producing the same, and the use of the polymer, wherein R1 represents hydrogen, methyl, chloro or cyano; R2 represents C1-C4 alkylene; R3 represents C3-C10 alkylene; R4 represents C6-C18 alkyl; R5 to R8 may be the same or different from one another and each represents optionally substituted C1-C3 alkyl; A represents methylene, optionally substituted phenylene, -CH2O-, -CH2CH2O-, -CO-, -CO-N(R9)- (wherein R9 represents hydrogen or methyl), or vinylene; m represents 0 or 1; and X and Y may be the same or different from each other and each represents a monovalent anion, or X and Y may be combined together to represent a divalent anion.
Abstract:
A novel compound exhibiting stable photochromism, i.e., a transition metal-spirobenzothiopyran complex represented by general formula (I) and a process for producing the same, wherein R1 represents C¿1? to C20 alkyl; R?2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and R8¿ represent each hydrogen, etc.; Y represents oxygen or sulfur; and M represents chromium, etc.
Abstract:
A halogenated β-lactam compound represented by general formula (III), wherein Ar represents optionally substituted aryl; R1 represents optionally protected amino; R2 represents hydrogen or a carboxyl blocking group; R3 represents hydrogen or a hydroxyl blocking group; and X represents halogen. A process for producing a 3-hydroxycephem derivative is represented by general formula (I) in an industrially advantageous manner by reducing the compound (III) either with a metallic reducing agent or electrolytically. In formula (I), R?1, R2 and R3¿ are as defined above.
Abstract:
A photochromic compound of general formula (Ia), wherein R1 represents C¿1? to C20 alkyl or aralkyl; R?2 to R5¿ each represents hydrogen, C¿1? to C6 alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, C1 to C5 alkoxy, halogeno, cyano, trichloromethyl, trifluoromethyl or nitro; R?6 and R7¿ each represents hydrogen, C¿1?-C6 alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, halogeno, cyano or nitro; and X represents oxygen or sulfur; a homopolymer of said compound; and a copolymer thereof with a vinylic compound of the general formula: CH2=CYZ, wherein Y represents H or CH3, and Z represents carboxyl, alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, carbamoyl, N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl, acetoxy, phenyl or methylphenyl.
Abstract:
This invention provides a secondary lithium battery comprising layered vanadium penta-oxide as a positive electrode active material (1), a substance which can occlude and release lithium ions as a negative electrode active material (3), and a polymer represented by formula (I) containing a lithium salt dissolved therein as an electrolyte (2), wherein m is a real number having a value ranging from about 5 to 25, and n is a real number having a value in the following range: 3 « n « 200,000. This battery is characterized in that both of the electrode active materials have a high energy density, that the electrolyte is flame-retardant, nonflowable and safe, and that the battery can retain its characteristics even at a low environmental temperature below the ice point.
Abstract:
This invention provides a totally solid secondary cell in which an oxide film of a laminated structure represented by the general formula (V2O5)x.(A)y.zH2O (where x + y = 1, 0