Abstract:
The present invention provides novel compositions that find advantageous use in making electrodes for electrochemical cells. Also provided are electrochemical devices that include active oxygen reduction electrodes, such as solid oxide fuel cells, sensors, pumps and the like. The compositions comprises a copper-substituted ferrite perovskite material. The invention also provides novel methods for making and using the electrode compositions and solid oxide fuel cells and solid oxide fuel cell assemblies having cathodes comprising the compositions.
Abstract:
Methods for abatement of antimony-containing, arsenic-containing and/or phosphorous-containing impurities in fuel gas that is derived from a carbonaceous source can include contacting the fuel gas with an absorbent comprising a capture compound. The capture compound has one or more alkali metals, one or more alkaline earth metals, or a combination of one or more alkali and alkaline earth metals. The fuel gas impurities are reacted with the capture compound, which can be used alone or dispersed on the adsorbent, at a temperature greater than or equal to approximately 300 C to form solid capture products comprising antimony, arsenic, or phosphorous and the alkali or alkaline earth metal.
Abstract:
Methods of the present invention can be used to synthesize nanowires with controllable compositions and/or with, multiple elements. The methods include coating solid powder granules, which comprise a first element, with a catalyst. The catalyst and the first element form when heated a liquid, mixed phase having a eutectic or peritectic point. The granules, which have been coated with the catalyst, are then heated to a temperature greater than or equal to the eutectic or peritectic point. During heating, a vapor source comprising the second element is introduced. The vapor source chemically interacts with the liquid, mixed phase to consume the first element and to induce condensation of a product that comprises the first and second elements in the form of a nanowire. The invention further relates to an energy storage device comprising Si-containing nanowires.
Abstract:
The present invention provides novel compositions that find advantageous use in making electrodes for electrochemical cells. Also provided are electrochemical devices that include active oxygen reduction electrodes, such as solid oxide fuel cells, sensors, pumps and the like. The compositions comprises a copper-substituted ferrite perovskite material. The invention also provides novel methods for making and using the electrode compositions and solid oxide fuel cells and solid oxide fuel cell assemblies having cathodes comprising the compositions.