Abstract:
Therapeutic and/or diagnostic formulations intended to improve glucose uptake and the oxidation of nutrients in warm-blooded animals, including humans, presenting with cancer, in a manner that diminishes toxic by-products generated by these metabolic events, may be administered either for single daily independent administration or a binary morning and nighttime administration which also promotes sleep. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, effective amounts of derivatives of thiol-containing alkyl fatty acids, such as but not limited to those of lipoic acid and analogs thereof, are co-formulated with effective amounts of naturally-occurring or synthetic antioxidants, trace elements, botanical extracts, carbohydrates, and other substances. Pharmaceutically-acceptable carriers and excipients may be included in the formulation as necessary.
Abstract:
Organic metabolites are produced in vivo from derivatives of thiol-containing alkyl fatty acids, such as but not limited to lipoic acid. These metabolites are intended to perturb at least one enzyme or enzyme complex, receptor, ion channel, transport protein, or at least one subunit of each thereof, such as lipoate-containing or -utilizing dehydrogenase complexes and/or other enzymes. These metabolites are also intended to influence reactions which generate and/or regulate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and/or other associated signal transduction pathways and cascades. The target enzymes, receptors, channels, proteins, reactions, pathways, and cascades are found in the organelles of diseased cells of warm-blooded animals, including but not limited to cancer cells. Also produced are structures which are resistant to or prevented from being metabolized into these metabolites, as well as a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier formed from such metabolites, and methods of use thereof.
Abstract:
A pharmaceutical composition constructed from a compound comprising a fatty acid, or analogue thereof, conjugated to at least one polymer, non-polymer, or lipid-based particle and/or at least one therapeutic, imaging, or diagnostic agent, modulates the binding affinity of the compound to a carrier molecule in the blood of warm-blooded animals in such a way as to modulate the circulation time of the pharmaceutical composition, and consequently the penetration and distribution of the compound into a tumor mass, as well as to demonstrate selective uptake and transport into a specific organelle in a diseased cell. More specifically, increased depth of tumor cell layer penetration and more even distribution throughout a tumor mass, with a resulting active cellular uptake and transport into diseased-cell mitochondria, leading to enhanced diagnostic, imaging, or therapeutic benefit, is contemplated.
Abstract:
A pharmaceutically-acceptable modulator of the regulation or perturbation of the structure, expression, and/or activity of at least one enzyme and/or enzyme complex, or subunit thereof, such as via the altered mitochondrial energy metabolism of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex of warm-blooded animals, including humans, and methods of use thereof, comprises an effective amount of at least one lipoic acid derivative and at least one pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier thereof to affect the complex's phosphorylation state. By increasing PDH kinase activity and/or decreasing PDH phosphatase activity, the modulator prevents the detoxification anaerobic glycolytic toxic metabolites through inhibition of the activity of the PDH complex's El α subunit, obliging increased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation activity. As cells characterized by hyperproliferation, such as tumor cells, cannot also generate acetyl-CoA and NADH because of the modulator's additional action in inhibiting the action of the PDH complex's E2 subunit, the mitochondrial membrane polarization is lost, facilitating cell death.
Abstract:
A stable lipid-oil-water nanoemulsion associated with an imaging agent and a diagnostic agent is useful both for imaging cells characterized by aberrant lipid metabolism and/or cellular hyperproliferation, such as cancer cells, and for diagnosing the cancer in an exquisitely specific and selective manner compared to non-transformed cells.
Abstract:
Pharmaceutical formulations containing lipoic acid derivatives and ion pairs thereof are described. The pharmaceutical formulations are useful in the treatment of medical disorders, such as cancer.
Abstract:
Therapeutic and/or diagnostic formulations intended to improve glucose uptake and the oxidation of nutrients in warm-blooded animals, including humans, presenting with cancer, in a manner that diminishes toxic by-products generated by these metabolic events, may be administered either for single daily independent administration or a binary morning and nighttime administration which also promotes sleep. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, effective amounts of thiol-containing alkyl fatty acids, such as but not limited to those of lipoic acid and analogs thereof, are co-formulated with effective amounts of naturally- occurring or synthetic antioxidants, trace elements, plant extracts, carbohydrates, and other substances. Pharmaceutically-acceptable carriers and excipients may be included in the formulation as necessary.
Abstract:
The invention provides methods for detecting elevated levels of phospholipase A2, activating protein in persons suspected of having rheumatoid arthritis to thereby indicate the presence of rheumathoid arthritis in the person comprising the steps of providing a sample of body fluid or tissue from said person; contacting the sample with an antibody specific for phospholipase A2, activating protein such that the antibody binds with phospholipase A2, activating protein in the sample; detecting the antibody thereby indicating the presence of phospholipase A2 activating protein, whereby elevated levels of phospholipase A2 activating protein in the sample as compared with levels found in persons not having rheumatoid arthritis indicates the presence of rheumatoid arthritis in the person. Kits and reagents for detecting rheumatoid arthritis are also provided.
Abstract:
Electrophoretic media based on polymers with novel structures are disclosed. The polymers are formed by polymerization of acrylamide monomers, such as N-methylolacrylamide, with cross-linking agents or comonomer agents such as tetraethylene diacrylate and bisacrylamide methylether.
Abstract:
Therapeutically-effective amounts of novel analogs or derivatives of alkyl fatty acids, such as but not limited to lipoic acid, and pharmaceutical formulations comprising such analogs or derivatives and pharmaceutically-acceptable carriers therefor, are useful for the treatment, prevention, imaging, and/or diagnosis of medical disorders.