Abstract:
A system for forming, stabilizing and imploding cavities within a cavitation chamber is provided. In one aspect, the system includes an impeller assembly (300), the impeller assembly (300) having at least one impeller (301) located within the cavitation chamber (101). The impeller assembly (300) can utilize a mechanically coupled drive shaft (309) or a magnetically coupled drive shaft (921). In another aspect, the system includes a cavitation piston (113), coupled to a hydraulic piston (117), that forms the desired cavities during piston retraction and then implodes the cavities during piston extension. In at least one embodiment a coupling sleeve (123) is interposed between the hydraulic cylinder (125) and the cavitation chamber housing (102).
Abstract:
An acoustic driver assembly for use with any of a variety of cavitation chamber configurations, including spherical, cylindrical and chambers that include at least one flat coupling surface, is provided. The acoustic driver assembly includes a transducer assembly (700) had mass (705) and eight mass (207). The end surface of the head mass is shaped to achieve the desired region of contact between the driver assembly and the cavitation chamber. The end or surface can be shaped to define a ring of contact, a centrally located contact region, or spherically shaped with a curvature that matches the curvatureof the spherical capitation chamber to which it is attached.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for regulating the temperature of the cavitation medium for a cavitation chamber is provided. A heat exchange fluid is pumped through a heat exchange conduit coupled to a heat exchange cavity within the cavitation chamber, the heat exchange cavity formed between an inner chamber shell and an outer chamber shell. An external heat exchanger, coupled either directly or indirectly to the heat exchange conduit, regulates the temperature of the heat exchange fluid which, in turn, regulates the temperature of cavitation medium within the cavitation chamber. The heat exchanger can be used to lower the temperature of the cavitation medium to a temperature less than the ambient temperature; to withdraw excess heat from the cavitation medium; or to heat the cavitation medium to the desired operating temperature. The heat exchanger can utilize heated heat exchange fluid, cooled heat exchange fluid, thermoelectric coolers, heat sinks, refrigeration systems or heaters.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for regulating the temperature of the cavitation medium for a cavitation chamber is provided. A heat exchange fluid is pumped through a heat exchange conduit coupled to a heat exchange cavity within the cavitation chamber, the heat exchange cavity formed between an inner chamber shell and an outer chamber shell. An external heat exchanger, coupled either directly or indirectly to the heat exchange conduit, regulates the temperature of the heat exchange fluid which, in turn, regulates the temperature of cavitation medium within the cavitation chamber. The heat exchanger can be used to lower the temperature of the cavitation medium to a temperature less than the ambient temperature; to withdraw excess heat from the cavitation medium; or to heat the cavitation medium to the desired operating temperature. The heat exchanger can utilize heated heat exchange fluid, cooled heat exchange fluid, thermoelectric coolers, heat sinks, refrigeration systems or heaters.
Abstract:
An hourglass-shaped cavitation chamber (100, 200) comprised of two large cylindrical regions (101, 103) or two large spherical regions (201, 203) separated by a smaller cylindrical region (105, 205) is provided. A ring-shaped acoustic driver (301) is coupled to one or both ends of the cavitation chamber. Alternately an acoustic driver assembly (701) is coupled to one or both ends of the cavitation chamber. Alternately an acoustic driver assembly (2601) is incorporated within the chamber wall at one or both ends of the cavitation chamber. Coupling conduits (313, 323, 501) which can be used to fill/drain the chamber as well as couple the chamber to a degassing and/or circulatory system can be attached to one, or both, ends of the chamber.
Abstract:
A system for forming, stabilizing and imploding cavities within a cavitation chamber is provided. In one aspect, the system includes an impeller assembly (300), the impeller assembly (300) having at least one impeller (301) located within the cavitation chamber (101). The impeller assembly (300) can utilize a mechanically coupled drive shaft (309) or a magnetically coupled drive shaft (921). In another aspect, the system includes a cavitation piston (113), coupled to a hydraulic piston (117), that forms the desired cavities during piston retraction and then implodes the cavities during piston extension. In at least one embodiment a coupling sleeve (123) is interposed between the hydraulic cylinder (125) and the cavitation chamber housing (102).
Abstract:
An acoustic driver assembly for use with any of a variety of cavitation chamber configurations, including spherical, cylindrical and chambers that include at least one flat coupling surface, is provided. The acoustic driver assembly includes a transducer assembly, a head mass and a tail mass. The end surface of the head mass is shaped to achieve the desired region of contact between the driver assembly and the cavitation chamber. The end surface can be shaped to define a ring of contact, a centrally located contact region, or spherically shaped with a curvature that matches the curvature of the spherical cavitation chamber to which it is attached. A threaded means is used to assemble the driver. The driver assembly can be attached to the cavitation chamber with the same threaded means, a different threaded means, an epoxy bond joint, a braze joint, a weld joint, a diffusion bond joint, or by other means. The head mass can be comprised of a pair of head mass portions coupled together with an all-thread.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus of circulating cavitation fluid within a cavitation fluid circulatory system, before or during cavitation chamber operation, as well as a means of draining and filling the chamber with minimal, if any, exposure of the cavitation fluid to the outside environment, is provided. The apparatus includes a network of conduits coupling the cavitation chamber to a cavitation fluid reservoir and at least one external fluid pump. Preferably the cavitation fluid reservoir serves the dual function of dual reservoir and degassing chamber. Manipulation of various valves within the conduit network allows the cavitation fluid to either be pumped from the reservoir into the cavitation chamber of from the cavitation chamber into the reservoir. A vacuum pump coupled to the degassing system can operate continuously or intermittently. The cavitation fluid circulation system can include a bubble trap and/or a heat exchange system.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus of circulating cavitation fluid within a cavitation fluid circulatory system, before or during cavitation chamber operation, as well as a means of draining and filling the chamber with minimal, if any, exposure of the cavitation fluid to the outside environment, is provided. The apparatus includes a network of conduits coupling the cavitation chamber to a cavitation fluid reservoir and at least one external fluid pump. Preferably the cavitation fluid reservoir serves the dual function of dual reservoir and degassing chamber. Manipulation of various valves within the conduit network allows the cavitation fluid to either be pumped from the reservoir into the cavitation chamber of from the cavitation chamber into the reservoir. A vacuum pump coupled to the degassing system can operate continuously or intermittently. The cavitation fluid circulation system can include a bubble trap and/or a heat exchange system.
Abstract:
A method of degassing cavitation fluid using a closed-loop cavitation fluid circulatory system is provided. The procedure is comprised of multiple stages. In one approach, the cavitation fluid contained within the fluid reservoir is first degassed, then the fluid is pumped into the cavitation chamber and cavitated. The circulatory system provides a means of pumping the gases from the chamber and the vacuum system provides a means of periodically eliminating the gases from the system. In a second approach, the cavitation fluid is initially circulated through the cavitation chamber, reservoir and the circulatory system while the fluid within the chamber is cavitated. During the second stage, pumping of the cavitation fluid through the chamber is discontinued. With either approach, a third stage of degassing can be employed in which cavities are formed within the cavitation fluid within the chamber and then cavitated. The released dissolved gases are then removed.