Abstract:
A compact, portable Raman spectrometer makes fast, sensitive standoff measurements at little to no risk of eye injury or igniting the materials being probed. This spectrometer uses differential Raman spectroscopy and ambient light measurements to measure point-and-shoot Raman signatures of dark or highly fluorescent materials at distances of 1 cm to 10 m or more. It scans the Raman pump beam(s) across the sample to reduce the risk of unduly heating or igniting the sample. Beam scanning also transforms the spectrometer into an instrument with a lower effective safety classification, reducing the risk of eye injury. The spectrometer's long standoff range automatic focusing make it easier to identify chemicals through clear and translucent obstacles, such as flow tubes, windows, and containers. And the spectrometer's components are light and small enough to be packaged in a handheld housing or housing suitable for a small robot to carry.
Abstract:
In general, in one aspect, the invention features systems, including a photonic crystal fiber including a core extending along a waveguide axis and a dielectric confinement region surrounding the core, the dielectric confinement region being configured to guide radiation along the waveguide axis from an input end to an output end of the photonic crystal fiber. The systems also includes a handpiece attached to the photonic crystal fiber, wherein the handpiece allows an operator to control the orientation of the output end to direct the radiation to a target location of a patient.
Abstract:
In general, in a first aspect, the invention features photonic crystal fibers that include a core (120) extending along a waveguide axis, a confinement region (110) extending along the waveguide axis (199) surrounding the core, and a cladding (160) extending along the waveguide axis surrounding the confinement region, wherein the cladding has an asymmetric cross-section.
Abstract:
In general, in one aspect, the invention features systems, including a photonic crystal fiber (120) including a core (210) extending along a waveguide axis and a dielectric confinement region (220) surrounding the core, the dielectric confinement region (220) being configured to guide radiation along the waveguide axis from an input end to an output end of the photonic crystal fiber (120). The systems also includes a handpiece (680) attached to the photonic crystal fiber (120), wherein the handpiece allows an operator to control the orientation of the output end to direct the radiation to a target location of a patient.