Abstract:
Methods of treating a hydrocarbon-bearing formation having brine and liquid hydrocarbons and treated hydrocarbon-bearing formations. The methods include contacting the hydrocarbon-bearing formation with a composition comprising solvent and a fluorinated anionic surfactant. In some embodiments, the solvent solubilizes the brine in the hydrocarbon-bearing formation without causing the fluorinated anionic surfactant to precipitate. In some embodiments, the solvent includes at least one of a polyol or polyol ether independently having from 2 to 25 carbon atoms and at least one of water, a monohydroxy alcohol, an ether, or a ketone, wherein the monohydroxy alcohol, the ether, and the ketone each independently have up to 4 carbon atoms.
Abstract:
The invention relates to stabilized dispersions containing nanoparticles of use for the administration of medicaments. The dispersions comprise excipient nanoparticles, a dispersed phase comprising medicament and a continuous phase comprising propellant.
Abstract:
Described herein is a polymerizable composition substantially free of an organic emulsifier, methods of making, and articles thereof. The polymerizable composition comprises: a continuous phase; a polymerizable monomer; an initiator; and inorganic nanoparticles, wherein the inorganic nanoparticles are substantially free of groups that will copolymerize with the polymerizable monomer.
Abstract:
Adhesive articles comprising a primer consisting essentially of nanoparticles and methods of making the adhesive articles are provided. The adhesive article may include a polymeric foam substrate and/or an adhesive comprising less than 5% by weight of acrylic acid units.
Abstract:
A dispersion comprising calcite particles in water having phosphate ions dissolved therein is at least partially converted to particles comprising hydroxyapatite at a temperature of less than or equal to 100 degrees Celsius. The calcite particles have an average primary particle diameter of less than or equal to 500 nanometers.
Abstract:
A composition is described comprising an organic polymer or a polymerizable monomer, having dispersed therein a surface-modified particle phase, in an amount sufficient to reduce the flammability of the polymer.
Abstract:
Inorganic pigment compositions comprising surface-modified nanoparticles are described, along with methods of making such compositions. Such compositions may allow the inorganic pigment to be diluted to a significant extent with non-pigmented extenders, while preserving or enhancing the coloring power of the pigment.
Abstract:
Transparent fluorescent structures comprising a matrix and fluorescent nanoparticles disposed within the matrix. Each fluorescent nanoparticle comprises a substrate nanoparticle having a surface; and one or more fluorescent molecules that fluoresce light. Each fluorescent molecule is bonded to at least one reactive bonding site on the surface of the substrate nanoparticle. The fluorescent molecules are distributed among the substrate nanoparticles such that self-quenching of the fluorescent molecules is eliminated or at least reduced.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to the use of surface-modified nanoparticles to alter the morphology and microstructure of polymer blends. The addition of surface modified nanoparticles to polymer blends comprised of immiscible polymers facilitates the uniform distribution of the dispersed phase of the polymer blend. In an embodiment, the present invention relates to a polymer blend comprising (1) a continuous phase comprising at least one polymer, monomer or oligomer, and a plurality of surface-modified nanoparticles, having a particle diameter of less than about 100 nanometers, distributed in the continuous polymer phase; and (2) a dispersed phase comprising at least one polymer, monomer or oligomer, wherein the continuous polymer phase and the dispersed polymer phase are immiscible.