Abstract:
A method of increasing or maintaining lean body mass in leucine conversion-compromised subjects and subjects undergoing treatment for diabetes is provided. The method includes administering an effective amount of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) to a subject with compromised leucine conversion efficiency or a subject undergoing treatment for insulin resistance associated with diabetes. Administration of HMB to a leucine conversion-compromised subject or a subject undergoing treatment for diabetes is effective to increase or maintain the human's lean body mass.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a food product comprising: a formed reduced glycemic response cereal component; and a non-sticky reduced glyccmic response sweetener coating over the formed cereal component, the sweetener coating comprising: a first sticky layer comprising at least about 30% fructose (of the total sweetener coating); a second less sticky layer having a DE value of about 60 or less and comprising up to about 17% fructose and at least about 1% non-fructose carbohydrates (of the total sweetener coating); and third layer comprising crystalline fructose. The present invention also provides a process for forming the sweetener coating over the formed cereal component comprising the following steps: (a) providing a formed cereal component having thereon a first sticky layer comprising fructose; (b) forming over the first sticky layer a less sticky second layer comprising non- fructose carbohydrates and optionally fructose; and (c) applying crystalline fructose over the second layer.
Abstract:
Disclosed are compositions, including low-calorie beverages or liquids, comprising isoleucine, leucine, valine, cysteine, and methionine, in specified amounts, weight ratios, or both. The compositions are especially useful in treating individuals afflicted with impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes.
Abstract:
Insulin resistance biomarkers and related methods of using the biomarkers are provided. The biomarkers may be blood biomarkers and include C-peptide, Insulin-Like Growth Factor- Binding Protein 2 (IGFBP-2), and Leptin. Also provided is a method of reducing the effect of prolonged physical inactivity on insulin resistance in a subject who is experiencing prolonged physical inactivity, or who is expected to experience prolonged physical inactivity in the near future.