Abstract:
A process and electronic hardware and software system for rapidly heating and cooling an active sensing layer of a gas sensor is provided. A series of high-energy pulses is run through a CNT electrically-active layer, heating the layer to varying temperatures. The influence by various gases on the electrical conductivity of the layer can be used to identify gases (e.g., water vapor, alcohol, methane, O 2 , CO 2 , and CO). Advantageously, the same structure can also be used as a nanoheater, either within or outside the context of the gas sensor. The device can acquire a unique gas spectra in seconds, and thus accurately determine gas type and mixtures of gases based on a library of known spectra.
Abstract:
Composites comprising metal-oxide-functionalized carbon nanotubes with metal nanoparticles deposited thereon are provided. These composites can be used as a working electrode in an electrochemical sensor to detect arsenite in aqueous solutions. The composite can electrochemically reduce As3+ to As0 due to increasing adsorption capability. In one embodiment, Au nanoparticles are deposited on the TiOx/CNT electrode to facilitate the adsorption of As3+ on the electrode surface for further electrochemical reduction process. Square wave voltammetry (SWV) is performed to detect the electrochemical reduction of arsenite in water.
Abstract:
A carbon nanotube (CNT) ion-selective field effect transistor (IS-FET) integrated device is used to detect nitrate ion in water. The device is operated as an IS-FET sensor, holding the measured potential between the drain electrode and an external reference electrode constant with a potentiometric circuit. Transduction occurs by changes in the effective CNT film gate potential with changes in the phase boundary potential of an ion-selective membrane (ISM) film. Moreover, the nitrate ISM film makes the device highly selective towards nitrate sensing. This printable IS- FET nitrate sensor enables real-time and high-resolution measurements and recording of nitrate ion in water at low cost.
Abstract:
New methods for preparing carbon nanotube films having enhanced properties are provided. The method broadly provides reacting carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and compounds comprising a polyaromatic moieties in the presence a strong acid. During the reaction process, the polyaromatic moieties noncovalently bond with the carbon nanotubes. Additionally, the functional! zing moieties are further functionalized by the strong acid. This dual functional] zation allows the CNTs to be dispersed at concentrations greater than 0.5 g/L in solution without damaging their desirable electronic and physical properties. The resulting solutions are stable on the shelf for months without observable bundling, and can be incorporated into solutions for printing conductive traces by a variety of means, including inkjet, screen, tlexographic, gravure printing, or spin and spray coating.