摘要:
Processes and systems for steam cracking hydrocarbon feeds. The process can include introducing a first hydrocarbon feed into radiant coil(s) disposed within a first segment of a firebox to produce a first steam cracker effluent having a first coil outlet temperature. A second hydrocarbon feed can be introduced into radiant coil(s) disposed within a second segment of the firebox to produce a second steam cracker effluent having a second coil outlet temperature. The first and second segments can each include one or more burners providing heat thereto. The bumer(s) in each segment can be operated at substantially the same firing rate such that an amount of heat produced by each burner can be substantially the same. A feed rate of the first hydrocarbon feed can be controlled based, at least in part, on a composition of the first hydrocarbon feed and the first coil outlet temperature.
摘要:
A hybrid steam cracking process including, in addition to combusting a fuel in a steam cracker furnace to provide thermal energy to the radiant and convection sections, heating a segment of an external furnace piping using an electrical heating device. The external furnace piping can include, e.g., the hydrocarbon-containing feed inlet piping, the cross-over piping, the radiant section inlet piping, and the radiant section outlet piping. Capacity and selectivity of the steam cracker furnace can be enhanced compared to conventional steam cracking process without electrical heating. The technology can be conveniently deployed in existing conventional steam cracking facilities.
摘要:
In a system for thermal cracking gaseous feedstocks, the system including a gas cracker for producing an effluent comprising olefins, at least one transfer line exchanger for the recovery of process energy from the effluent and a water quench tower system, a process for extending the range of system feedstocks to include liquid feedstocks that yield tar is provided. The process includes the steps of injecting a first quench fluid downstream of a primary transfer line exchanger to quench the process effluent comprising olefins, separating in a first separation vessel a cracked product and a first byproduct stream comprising tar from the quenched effluent, directing the separated cracked product to a water quench tower system and quenching the separated cracked product with a second quench fluid to produce a cracked gas effluent for recovery and a second byproduct stream comprising tar. An apparatus for carrying out such process is also provided.
摘要:
The present disclosure relates to processes, methods, systems, and apparatus for steam cracking hydrocarbon in a pyrolysis furnace having a convection zone and a radiant zone. The convection zone includes three heat exchangers in series with a serpentine arrangement. A fluid source is disposed each heat exchanger to provide steam into the heat exchangers. The present disclosure further relates to a process of adjusting the stream flow rate for each fluid source to control operating conditions such as flue gas temperature, stack temperatures, and temperatures of other components of the furnace.
摘要:
Centralizing the handling and manipulating of vaporization medium to a single subsystem that supplies multiple ammonia vaporizers allows for efficient and effective production of a corresponding vaporized ammonia stream containing a controlled quantity of ammonia. These vaporized ammonia streams can then be used in conjunction with ammonia- consuming devices to reduce NOx in NOx-containing exhaust streams from multiple furnaces.
摘要:
Processes and systems for quenching an effluent. In certain embodiments, the process can include contacting a pyrolysis effluent and a first quench medium to produce a first quenched effluent. A bottoms stream that can include tar and an overhead stream that can include ethylene and propylene can be obtained from the first quenched effluent. The first quench medium can include a first portion of the bottoms stream that can include a first portion of the tar. In certain embodiments, the process can also include hydroprocessing a second portion of the bottoms stream that can include a second portion of the tar to produce a hydroprocessed product. A hydroprocessed bottoms stream can be obtained from the hydroprocessed product. In certain embodiments, the process can also include contacting at least a portion of the hydroprocessed bottoms stream and the first portion of the bottoms stream to produce the first quench medium.
摘要:
Chromium particulate emissions in flue gas can be reduced or minimized by incorporating a thin layer bed of a catalyst within the flue gas flow path of a furnace, boiler, or other furnace environment that includes Cr-containing surfaces. The thin layer bed of catalyst can correspond to, for example, a honeycomb monolith with catalyst supported on the monolith surface, so as to provide a high contact area while forcing all of the flue gas to pass through the catalyst bed. The honeycomb monolith structure and the depth of the bed can be selected to provide a reduced or minimized pressure drop across the catalyst bed, such as a pressure drop of 0.25 kPa (1.0 inches of water) or less. Exposing the Cr-containing flue gas to the thin layer catalyst bed can result in a treated flue gas with a lower content of Cr.
摘要:
In a system for thermal cracking gaseous feedstocks, the system including a gas cracker for producing an effluent comprising olefins, at least one transfer line exchanger for the recovery of process energy from the effluent and a water quench tower system, a process for extending the range of system feedstocks to include liquid feedstocks that yield tar is provided. The process includes the steps of injecting a first quench fluid downstream of the at least one transfer line exchanger to quench the process effluent comprising olefins, separating in a separation vessel a cracked product and a first byproduct stream comprising tar from the quenched effluent, directing the separated cracked product to the water quench tower system and quenching the separated cracked product with a second quench fluid to produce a cracked gas effluent for recovery and a second byproduct stream comprising tar. An apparatus for cracking a liquid hydrocarbon feedstock that yield tar is also provided.
摘要:
Processes, systems, and apparatus are provided for using a common working fluid for one or more turbines for processing a process gas and for the furnace for the pyrolysis process used to produce the process gas. The turbine(s) are operated based on a modified Allam cycle to produce power for operating one or more compressors and/or refrigerators involved in processing of the process gas while producing a reduced or minimized amount of CO2 that is released as a low-pressure gas phase product. Integrating the pyrolysis furnace with the working fluid loop can provide further benefits.
摘要:
Processes, systems, and apparatus are provided for producing a compressed process gas comprising light olefin such as ethylene. The process utilizes a pyrolysis reactor to produce the process gas. A power generator utilizes a turbine operated based on an Allam cycle to produce shaft power for operating one or more compressors involved in processing of the process gas while producing a reduced or minimized amount of CO2 that is released as a low-pressure gas phase product. Examples of using the shaft power for processing of the process gas can include compressing the process gas a process gas compressor powered by the produced shaft power and cooling the process gas using a refrigeration compressor powered by the produced shaft power.