Abstract:
The inventive method relates to a conversion, in an extremely simple manner, of a heating system for heating oil to renewable liquid fuels, for example, purified raw glycerin, during which the burner is refitted with pulsed injectors, the heating chamber being provided with an evaporator chamber made of sintered material or fiber metal. The burner is heated by contact heat from the evaporator chamber. The burner is switched to a partial load and start-up operation via computers. The flue is converted to a flue having a concentric waste gas pipe including water separation and a purifying filter, and the tank is filled with a protective gas. The heated injectors are also used for introducing additives, reagents or catalysts into reactor chambers, e.g. during the production of hydrogen. The targeted heating of the injector nozzle leads to the increase in the heat content in propellant or fuel to an optimal combustion or reaction. The inventive method also involves: heating and increasing the pressure of the fuel; adding additives that lower the flash point; regulating the quantity of fuel by a proportional valve or pulsed injector, and; purifying the fuels by using a high-pressure filter. An anti-swirl device is employed during the supply of combustion air.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an apparatus comprising a working surface which is heated by a heat transfer medium and is located on a heat-conducting surface layer (1) supported by a metal main body (3). The surface layer (1) has a number of grooves (2) on the surface facing the main body, and the working surface is heated by supplying the heat transfer medium into the grooves (2).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for introducing additives into flowing or fluidised media. The spatially predetermined position of the additives in the flowing material, also called fluid bed, is obtained by controlling the pulsating injection. The introduction and exact dosing of additives, that is hardeners, dyes, gas producers and softeners for instance, into a liquid plastic stream or metal stream (10) for instance or the fluid bed of bulk material, such as powder, granules and pellets, is carried out by means of an injector. The invention is used in melting units, in hot channel systems, in tools, components of tools and injection moulding machines, extruder-, injection moulding-, pelleting-, burner- and injection arrangements. The nozzle needle (3) of at least one nozzle (2) respectively is variably and highly precisely moved for the introduction by means of a device and in such a way that the additive (17) is dosed exactly in relation to the volume flow of the medium and that a pulsating stream (18, 36) is injected into the medium flowing past, by means of at least one well-aimed nozzle opening (4). The additives are dosed by means of a pressure that can be adjusted variably, pulse width and pulse frequency. The desired homogenous distribution is obtained by the penetrating injection jet (37) during compounding for instance.