Abstract:
The present invention provides a novel nanospray emitter that includes a fluid inlet, an outlet orifice, and a passage for fluid: communication between the fluid inlet and outlet orifice. In one aspect of this embodiment, the passage facilitating fluid communication between the inlet and outlet elements is comprised of an outer capillary of a rigid material, such as nickel, that houses an inner capillary made from a highly conductive and inert material, such as gold; alternatively the inner material may constitute an inner coating of the outer capillary.
Abstract:
A method for controlling the flow of liquid in a high performance liquid chromatography apparatus. The method includes operating a pump, measuring the liquid pressure downstream of the pump, measuring the liquid flow rate downstream of the pump, and controlling the operation of the pump. In the method, it is automatically determined whether the pump is controlled to achieve a desired pressure or controlled to achieve a desired flow rate. Fuzzy logic can be applied in the method to determine the switch between the control modes.
Abstract:
The invention relates to antibodies against particular forms of enzymatically-inactive precursors of the prostate specific antigen (PSA), the production and use thereof in immunoassays for the determination of the [-5,-6,-7]-proPSA and application of the measured values from said assays, for an improved diagnosis in the field of prostate carcinomas.