Abstract:
An improved mass-transfer packing is created by rolling a commercially available Corrugated Polypropylene (CP) sheet into a cylindrical structure which is then inserted into a cylindrical mass-transfer tower. The open channels within the CP sheet function as flow-channels for the flow of the liquid and gas therein to provide intimate contact between the liquid and gas for mass-transfer. An alternate economical embodiment of the improved mass-transfer packing utilizes stand-off projections such as ribs to increase the flow-capacity of the mass-transfer tower. Another alternate economical embodiment of the improved mass-transfer packing utilizes a CP sheet with two layers of open channels to increase the flow-capacity of the mass-transfer tower. Further, in any of these embodiments of the improved mass-transfer packing, the mass-transfer surface area of the packing can be increased by surface treating the surface of the CP sheet to provide pits and cavities on the CP sheet.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for retting fibrous biomass to release cellulosic fibers present therein. The process comprises digesting the fibrous biomass in at least two bio-digestive steps, including a fresh biomass bio-digestive step and a final fiber releasing bio-digestive step. Anaerobic digestive bacteria are used to release the cellulosic fibers in the bio-digestive steps. The concentration of anaerobic digestive bacteria is higher in the fresh biomass bio-digestive step than in the final fiber releasing bio-digestive step. Further, dissolved and/or dispersed non-fibrous biomass resulting from the bio-digestive steps is anaerobically degraded to biogas. The resulting aqueous liquor is utilized in the final fiber releasing bio-digestive step.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a biofilm carrier (B) made of yarns comprising a central yarn (1) made of elementary fibres (4), where the individual elementary fibres (4) constituting the central yarn (1) constitute a continuous fibre running over the entire length of the yarn (1), and a loop (2) made of further yarns (1) is fixed to the central yarn (1) at least at two anchor points (3a, 3b) and, moreover, the arc length of the loop (2) between two adjacent anchor points (3a, 3b) is bigger than the length of the central yarn (1) between two adjacent anchor points (3a, 3b).
Abstract:
Elemento portador de biomasa para sistemas de tratamiento biológico mediante el proceso de biomasa fija, que comprende: - un cuerpo tubular (1) troncocónico provisto de una boca de menor diámetro y una boca de mayor diámetro; - unas paredes radiales (2) en forma de S definidas en el interior del cuerpo tubular (1) y que confluyen en un eje central (3); unas aletas interiores (4) curvas que parten radialmente de la pared interior del cuerpo tubular (1) o del eje central (3), y se encuentran dispuestas en voladizo, entre las paredes radiales (2); y - una pluralidad de aletas exteriores (5) de la misma altura que el cuerpo tubular (1), perpendiculares a la pared de dicho cuerpo tubular (1) y distribuidas regularmente en torno al mismo destinadas a facilitar el movimiento de rotación del elemento portador durante su uso.
Abstract:
A presente invenção descreve uma nova tecnologia para o preenchimento de filtros biológicos percoladores (FBP), usando um meio suporte constituído de espumas de poliuretano com estrutura de sustentação polimérica. A tecnologia é então denominada Rotosponge. Adicionalmente, a configuração proposta pelo pedido de patente permite o arranjo do material de enchimento em módulos ou blocos, os quais podem ser empilhados no interior de FBPs utilizados em estações de tratamento de efluentes de pequeno a grande porte.
Abstract:
An aeration and microbial reactor system for use in decontaminating water including a housing adapted to float within the medium such that a top portion thereof remains adjacent a top surface of the contaminated water while the bioreactor containing inoculated carrier media is attached below. Beneficial microbial populations thrive and spread throughout the liquid medium, and consume or fix the contaminant such that the contaminant is removed from the water.