摘要:
An apparatus, a system and a method for detecting position of a movable object (23) in a device and using the same for controlling the device. A distance and/or an intensity of emitted light may be measured by using a sensor (30) to emit light and detect light to determine the location of the movable object (23). The movable object absorbs emitted light from the sensor (30). The sensor (30) determines and/or measures an intensity of the emitted light from the sensor (30) which is not absorbed by the movable object (23). The intensity of emitted light is related to the position of the movable object (23) in the device. A microprocessor may determine the position of the movable object (23) based on the intensity of emitted light detected by the sensor (30). The position of a rotating object on a crankshaft (25) in an engine may be detected.
摘要:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Erfassung einer physikalischen Größe, insbesondere eines Abstands, mit den folgenden Schritten: - Senden mindestens eines ersten Sendesignals (ul) mit einer vorgebbaren ersten Signalform über eine erste Übertragungsstrecke (110), deren Übertragungsfunktion von der zu erfassenden physikalischen Größe abhängt, wobei ein erstes Empfangssignal (ul') an einem Ausgang der ersten Übertragungsstrecke (110) erhalten wird, - Senden mindestens eines ersten Referenzsignals (u2) mit einer vorgebbaren Referenzsignalform über eine Referenzübertragungsstrecke (120), wobei die Referenzübertragungsstrecke vorzugsweise eine bekannte Übertragungsfunktion aufweist und wobei ein Referenzempfangssignal (u2'') an einem Ausgang der Referenzübertragungsstrecke (120) erhalten wird, - Analysieren des ersten Empfangssignals (ul') und/oder des ersten Referenzsignals (u2) und/oder des Referenzempfangssignals (u2''), um auf die physikalische Grösse zu schliessen.
摘要:
A detection film suitable for use in an optical sensor is provided which has a multilayer structure including a reflective layer and a protective layer. The detection film causes neither the decrease in mechanical strength due to external factors, such as physical pressure, temperature and humidity, nor the degradation in the characteristics of the optical sensor. An optical sensor using such a detection film is also provided.
摘要:
A mirror angle detector and a detection method capable of detecting an angle of deviation of a movable mirror within a very small angle range used ordinarily, and reducing the size of optical machining tool. A first mirror (9) for reflecting a main laser beam (95) is formed on, or fitted to, one of the surfaces of the movable mirror (82) and a second mirror (2) for reflecting position detecting light (10) and guiding it to a position sensor (3) is formed on, or fitted to, the other surface. An imaging lens (5) is disposed in an optical path for propagating reflected light of position detecting light by the movable mirror, and the position sensor (3) for receiving outgoing light from the imaging lens is disposed at a focal point of this imaging lens on the image side. An optical system (6, 7) constituting an afocal system or an optical system (11, 12, 13) for extending the optical path while repeating reflection may be disposed in the optical path between the movable mirror and the imaging lens.
摘要:
The gas absorption line of an absorption cell (8) is used as a reference wavelength so as to improve the accuracy of the absolute wavelength value of diffracted light from a diffraction grating. When reference light is emitted from the light source (7) of a reference light source (1), the reference light is transmitted through a diffraction grating (2) which swings within a prescribed angular range as transmitted light having such a spectrum that only the light of a prescribed wavelength is absorbed by the absorption cell (8). The grating (2) spectrally separates the transmitted light from the cell (8) and the separated diffracted light from the grating (2) is received by means of a reference-light photoreceptor (3). Therefore, the angle of rotation of the grating (2) at the then wavelength can be recognized with accuracy without being affected by the fluctuation of the environmental condition as an absolute reference angle from the diffracted light of the wavelength component containing the absorption line of the cell (8) received by the photoreceptor (3).
摘要:
An apparatus for monitoring the position of the shaft (1) of a coolant circulating pump of a nuclear steam generating system comprising light source (3) for directing a light beam at a number of reflecting surfaces (5a) on the shaft (1) and a pair of spaced apart light receiving devices (7) adapted to receive light beams reflected off the reflecting surface (5). Light from the receiving devices (7) is conveyed, by fiber optic cables (9), to intensity measuring devices (11) which measure the intensity of the two light beams on a time-dependent basis. A processor (13) calculates the shaft rotational speed and the magnitude of the shaft wobble as functions of the time-dependent intensity measurements of the pair of reflected light beams.
摘要:
A digital encoder has a photosensitive element (8) overlying portions of spaced conductors (5, 6). A light beam (X, Y) derived from a source spans the conductors and is traversed along them. Where the beam illuminates the photosensitive element (8) is made conductive. Thus, depending on the local overlap of the photosensitive element (8) and the conductors (5, 6), there is either electrical connection or not between the conductors according to the position of the beam (X, Y). This can be used to produce a digital code output. Generally it is the light source that will be moved when the conductors (5, 6) are straight, but for annular conductors of a rotary encoder the movement of the beam may be generated by movable mirrors reflecting light from a stationary source.
摘要:
A sensor device (2) is removably attachable to a drug delivery device (12). The sensor device comprises an array (20) of optical sensors arranged within the sensor device such that, when the sensor device is attached to the drug delivery device, the drug delivery device having a first movable element (14) which is configured to move along a path parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drug delivery device, each optical sensor is operable to detect light received at different locations along the linear path and to output a signal indicative of an amount of detected light; and circuitry (21) configured to receive the signals output from the optical sensors and, based on the received signals, to determine information associated with a location along the path of the first movable element.