Abstract:
Für eine einfache und zuverlässige Datenkommunikation in einer Anordnung aus einer Anzahl von seriell verschalteten Wechselrichtern (3 1 , 3 2 , … 3 n ) und einer Netzüberwachungseinheit (5) ist vorgesehen, der an der elektrischen Last (4) anliegenden Netzspannung (V N ) durch die Netzüberwachungseinheit (5) einen Synchronisationspuls (10) zu überlagern, der durch die Wechselrichter (3 1 , 3 2 , … 3 n ) zur zeitlichen Synchronisierung detektiert werden kann.
Abstract:
The aim of the invention is to achieve simple and reliable data communication in an arrangement consisting of a plurality of serially-connected inverters (31, 32, … 3n) and a network monitoring unit (5) which superimposes a synchronization pulse (10) to the network voltage (VN) applied to the electrical load (4) said pulse being detectable by the inverter (31, 32, … 3n) for temporal synchronization.
Abstract:
A communication system for a power line is described. A transmission system of the communication system divides the time axis into a number of time slots synchronized such that one time slot can start about a zero crossing of the power line signal. These time slots are referred to as channels and are numbered from 1 to n. A modulation method is described to is narrow band continuous phase FSK, where a number m of modulating frequencies are used, arranged such that an integral number of full cycles fit into each channel time slot for all m frequencies. The system transmits during only a subset of the available time slots (channels) concentrated near the zero crossing of the power line waveform where the noise is typically minimal.
Abstract:
A two way light switching circuit comprises a first single switch (20) having a blade (20A) for making and breaking an electrical connection between a live side L and a line (23). A pair of back to back diodes (24) are connected across the switch so that there is a gap in the AC sine wave at the zero crossing point (26) when the blade breaks the connection. The line (23) connects to a second switching device (30) further connected to neutral via a line (31) and a load. A bridge rectifier and signal conditioning circuit (34) creates a positive only 100 Hz signal which is passed to a waveform detector circuit (36) to detect the small delay at the zero crossing point and provide an output representing a change in the state of the first switch (20). The output is provided to a logic circuit (38) having another input from a radio transmitter (39) which receives a signal from a remotely located further switch having an ON/OFF state and provides an output representing a change in the state of the further switch. The circuit therefore operates to make the second switch (30) toggle between an ON and OFF state (i.e. closed and open state) every time there is a change in the input to the logic circuit (38).
Abstract:
A remote metering system comprises a multi-phase mains supply system (10) having a control unit (CS) and a plurality of single-phase consumer meter units (M1-M3) with messages passing between the meter units and the control unit. For phase determination, the control unit and each meter unit includes synchronizing means (CTR1) for synchronizing its message processing to its phase of the mains supply (or one particular phase, for the control unit). The relative phases of the control unit and a meter unit can then be determined, by a comparator (17), from the timing of a message passing between them relative to the phases to which those units are synchronized.
Abstract:
Process for transferring power and information on one or more common lines (4, F1, F2) obviating known drawbacks, such as elimination known per se of one or more complete half waves of an alternating supply current leads to a noticeable reduction in the power transferred, and that in this known process no information can be transmitted in a direction towards the supply current. The process is characterized in that a first type of information where the rate of transmission depends upon the frequency of the current supply, is transmitted by essentially cutting off the current connection (e.g. by means of the converter 9, fig. 1) to the supply source in periods (T4-T5, fig. 2A) which constitute a fraction of a half wave interval, and that a second type of information which is not dependent upon the frequency of the current supply, is transmitted during the periods in which the current connection to the supply source is essentially cut off.
Abstract:
System zur Übertragung von Energie und Daten, insbesondere umfassend eine Halbwellensteuerung, mit einer mit Netzphasen verbundenen Steuereinheit, wobei in der Steuereinheit eine der Netzphasenspannung entsprechende Spannung, insbesondere eine mit einem aus Widerständen ausgeführten Spannungsteiler (R1, R2) erzeugte Spannung, einer Diode (D1) zugeführt wird, deren Ausgangssignal als Steuerspannung für einen spannungsabhängigen Schalter (Th) verwendet wird, und zum Aufladen einer Kapazität (C3), insbesondere Kondensator (C3), dient, insbesondere wobei der Aufladestrom über eine Diode (D2) geführt ist.
Abstract:
A system and method for providing full-duplex data communications between an electric power distribution station (102) and a power consumer (104) via the power distribution line (106) providing electric power is provided. A first information transmitter (108), coupled to the power distribution circuit, provides first information signals concurrently with the power signal to the power consumer via the power distribution line. A first information receiver (112), coupled to a power consumer device powered by the electrical power signal, receives the first information signals via the electric power distribution line. A second information transmitter (116) coupled to the power consumer device provides second information signals concurrently with the electrical power signal. A second information receiver (114), coupled to the power distribution circuit, receives the second information signals via the electric power distribution line. The information signals transmitted on the power distribution line can be transmitted at a frequency lower than the frequency of the transmitted power signal.
Abstract:
A power controller device (10) is provided which controls the power output to a resistive load, such as a water heater (2) or baseboard heater. The device is programmed to output predetermined power levels or to energize the load to predetermined temperatures during predetermined time intervals, thus taking advantage of times during the day when power usage is low, and minimizing usage of power during times when demand is high. A voltage detection circuit monitors the supply voltage, and can increase power or temperature to the load during times of over-voltage or can disable the load during brownout or blackout conditions. Power is reduced through a convention means such as "cycle-stealing", and power can be output to the load in fractions of the maximum output power level. When the load is first activated, power is supplied in gradually increasing levels, to avoid a sudden power surge. The power controller device (10) may control a stepper motor actuating a by-pass valve, where a water heater is provided with a heater exchanger, or otherwise actuating a mixing valve.
Abstract:
The invention relates to the transmission of energy and data, in particular comprising a half-wave controller, having a control unit connected to network phases, a voltage that corresponds to the network phase voltage, in particular a voltage generated with a voltage divider (R1, R2) formed from resistors, being supplied to a diode (D1) in the control unit, the output signal of which diode is used as a control voltage for a voltage-dependent switch (Th), and being used to charge a capacitance (C3), in particular capacitor (C3), the charge current in particular being routed via a diode (D2).