Abstract:
The present invention is related to refrigerant and lubricant compositions containing performance-enhancing additives. The performance enhancing additives are found to improve the energy efficiency and capacity of vapor compression refrigeration and air conditioning systems, which utilize hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants (e.g. HFC-134a) and oxygenated refrigeration lubricants (e.g. POEs, PAGs and PVEs).
Abstract:
A PAG lubricant basefluid for use with a fluoroalkene refrigerant, the basefluid containing a PAG having the formula: RX(RaO)x(RbO)yRc, where R is selected from alkyl groups having from 1-10 carbon atoms, acyl groups having from 1-10 carbon atoms, aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having from 2-6 valencies, and substituents containing a heterocyclic ring in which the heteroatom(s) are oxygen; X is O or S; Ra is a C2 alkylene group; Rb is a C3 alkylene group; Rc is the same as R or is an H; x and y are each independently 0 or an integer ? 100; and the sum of x + y is an integer in the range of from about 5-100. Refrigeration and lubricant compositions containing the PAG lubricant basefluid and a method of operating a motor-integrated compressor of a refrigeration or air conditioning system with substantially no electrical leakage current are also provided.
Abstract translation:一种与氟代烯烃制冷剂一起使用的PAG润滑剂基础流体,含有具有下式的RX的(R 0 O)x(R aO)y R c的PAG的基础流体,其中R选自具有1-10个碳原子的烷基,具有1个 -10个碳原子,具有2-6个价数的脂族烃基和含杂原子是氧的杂环的取代基; X是O或S; Ra是C2亚烷基; Rb是C3亚烷基; Rc与R相同或为H; x和y各自独立地为0或整数 100; x + y的和为约5〜100的整数。 还提供了含有PAG润滑剂基础流体的制冷和润滑剂组合物以及基本上没有泄漏电流的制冷或空调系统的电动机一体式压缩机的操作方法。
Abstract:
An improvement in known processes for preparing substituted carboxylic acids useful as acylating agents which comprise reacting (A) at least one aliphatic polymer of one or more lower olefins with (B) an acid reactant selected from the group consisting of fumaric acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, and the corresponding anhydrides, lower alkyl esters, acyl chlorides and acyl bromides, in the presence of chlorine can be improved by the steps of (i) reacting at a temperature of about 100o-200oC, a mixture of (A) and (B) in the presence of about 0.05 to 0.15 equivalent of chlorine per equivalent of (A) until of the chlorine has reacted to provide a first intermediate product, (ii) continuing the reaction in the absence of chlorine at a temperature of from about 180o-250oC until a conversion of 0.4 to 1.1 equivalents of (B) per equivalent of (A) is attained to provide a second intermediate product, and (iii) reacting said second intermediate with about 0.2 to 1.5 equivalents of chlorine per equivalent of (A) used in step (i) at a temperature of about 180o-225oC. The carboxylic acids produced by this improved process can be used, per se, in lubricants and fuels and as acylating agents in reactions with amines, alcohols, reactive metals or reactive metal compounds to form derivative products which are useful, for example, as additives for lubricants and normally liquid fuels.
Abstract:
A method for preventing degradation of physical and chemical properties, and for increasing lubricity, of a hydrocarbon and water emulsion, comprising adding to the emulsion an effective amount of at least one copper salt of a carboxylic acid for enabling at least one bacterium species from Pseudomonas genus to become dominant in the emulsion.
Abstract:
A lubricant composition includes a base oil having a consecutive number of carbon atoms and a viscosity index greater than a Viscosity Index Factor calculated by the following equation: 28 x Ln(Kinematic Viscosity at 100°C) + 95. The lubricant composition also includes greater than 15 weight % detergent inhibitor (DI) additive package. The lubricant composition has a dynamic viscosity at -35°C of less than 6200 mPa . s, a Mini-Rotary Viscosity (MRV) at -40°C of less than 60,000 mPa . s, and a Cold Cranking Simulator (CCS) Viscosity at -35°C of less than 6200 mPa . s.
Abstract:
Aspects of the disclosure include a drying agent that includes a metal organic salt of an α-hydroxy acid for use as a drier in liquid (e.g., coatings, inks, lubes, greases) compositions. Compositions having a waterborne or oil-based composition and a drying agent are also described. Also provided are methods of producing a coating on a surface, by applying to the surface a composition having a drying agent that includes a metal organic salt of an α-hydroxy acid. Methods for preparing an air-drying composition by combining a waterborne or oil-based composition and a drying agent having a metal organic salt of an α-hydroxy acid are also described.
Abstract:
A PAG lubricant basefluid for use with a fluoroalkene refrigerant, the basefluid containing a PAG having the formula: RX(R a O)x(R b O)yR c , where R is selected from alkyl groups having from 1-10 carbon atoms, acyl groups having from 1-10 carbon atoms, aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having from 2-6 valencies, and substituents containing a heterocyclic ring in which the heteroatom(s) are oxygen; X is O or S; R a is a C2 alkylene group; Rb is a C3 alkylene group; R c is the same as R or is an H; x and y are each independently 0 or an integer ? 100; and the sum of x + y is an integer in the range of from about 5-100. Refrigeration and lubricant compositions containing the PAG lubricant basefluid and a method of operating a motor-integrated compressor of a refrigeration or air conditioning system with substantially no electrical leakage current are also provided.
Abstract translation:与氟代烯烃制冷剂一起使用的PAG润滑剂基液,所述基液含有具有下式的PAG:RX(R * a)x(R b) 其中R选自具有1-10个碳原子的烷基,具有1-10个碳原子的酰基,具有2-6个化合价的脂族烃基和 含杂环的取代基,其中杂原子是氧; X是O或S; R a是C2亚烷基; Rb是C3亚烷基; R c与R相同或者是H; x和y各自独立地是0或整数? 100; 并且x + y的总和是在约5-100的范围内的整数。 还提供了含有PAG润滑剂基础流体的制冷剂和润滑剂组合物,以及实质上无泄漏电流地操作制冷或空调系统的马达集成压缩机的方法。 p>