Abstract:
For efficient and economical production of DRI with low CO2 emissions, the required heat for driving the direct reduction process in a direct reduction unit is provided by an electrical heating element (11), the off-gas of the direct reduction process is purified from polluting constituents others than carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide final gas is obtained from the purified off-gas.
Abstract:
A flash ironmaking drop tube furnace includes a primary reaction section having a refractory, an induction coil around the refractory, insulation located between the refractory and the induction coil, and a susceptor located inside the refractory, the susceptor being formed of a material that is heated by induction when electrical current flows through the induction coil, and having at least one interior channel through which particles can pass. The furnace further includes a muffle, located below the primary reaction section; an outer shell surrounding the muffle; at least one heater located adjacent to the muffle; insulation located between the at least one heater and the outer shell; at least one particle feeder that feeds a predetermined volume of particles into the furnace above the primary reaction section; and an inlet port for injecting gas into the furnace, the inlet port being located so that the gas flows through the susceptor and muffle in parallel with the particles.
Abstract:
A process for producing and reducing an iron ore briquette, the process comprising the steps of: a. combining together a comminuted iron bearing material, a comminuted carbonaceous material, a fluxing material and a primary binder material to form a briquette mixture; b. adding a metallic particulate material to the briquette mixture; c. adding hot water and a secondary binder material to the briquette mixture; d. kneading the briquette mixture together; e. compacting the briquette mixture under pressure to form a green briquette, f. subjecting the green briquette to a primary curing to form a stable iron ore briquette or pre-heating the green briquette by conventional or induction heating means up to a temperature of 800°C; and g. feeding the green briquette or pre-heated green briquette to a furnace to produce pig iron, wherein when the iron ore briquette is subjected to electromagnetic radiation, the metallic particulate material dispersed within the iron ore briquette promotes formation of increased reactivity or seed sites and thereby increase the reduction of the iron ore briquette to form pig iron.
Abstract:
A method for production of titanium particles or other metal of interest by a metallothermic reduction reaction of TiCl 4 or other metal chloride in a reaction zone which comprises conducting the reaction in a fluidized bed reaction zone, and recycling particles to the reaction zone to build up particle size.
Abstract:
The invention is a furnisher-hearth-melter furnace (14), and method for iron-making/stell-making using the furnisher-hearth-melter furnace. In the method the refractory surface of the hearth (13) is coated with carbonaceous hearth conditioners and refractory compounds and charged with pre-reduced metallized iron. The pre-reduced metallized iron is reveled, then heated until molten and then reacted with carbon and reducing gas until any residual iron oxide is converted to iron having a low sulfur content. Nascent slag separates from the molten iron forming carburized iron nuggets. The nuggets are cooled and then the iron nuggets and the hearth conditioners, including the refractory compounds are discharged onto a screen (80) which separates the iron nuggets from the hearth conditioners. The hearth conditioners are recycled and the iron nuggets are either prepared for sale or for additional treatment, such as alloying in a final melter (96).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for increasing titanium oxide content in slag produced in connection with electric furnace smelting of titanomagnetite, wherein the method comprises feeding titanomagnetite, reducing agent and fluxing agent into an electric furnace, melting titanomagnetite, reducing agent and fluxing agent in the electric furnace to form a layer containing liquid metal and layer containing slag above the layer containing liquid metal, and withdrawing liquid metal and slag separately from the electric furnace. The fluxing agent comprises in percentages of weight between 3 and 100 % titanium oxide bearing material such as ilmenite.