Abstract:
Invention relates to a circulating fluidized bed boiler (10) comprising a vertically extending furnace (12), a separator unit (14) and an exhaust gas channel (18) connected to the separator unit (14) via a cross over duct (24), which exhaust gas channel comprises a first vertically extending pass (18.1) and a horizontally extending pass (18.2) and a second vertically extending pass (18.3).The first vertically extending pass (18.1) and the horizontally extending pass (18.2) and the second vertically extending pass (18.3) are arranged successively in the gas flow direction such that the horizontally extending pass (18.2) is configured to connect the first vertically extending pass (18.1) and the second vertically extending pass (18.3) with each other, and the horizontally extending pass (18.2) is arranged below the separator unit (14) which arranged between the first vertically extending pass (18.1) and the second vertically extending pass (18.3).
Abstract:
Provided are apparatus and methods of gasification using a circulating fluidized bed reactor comprising a separate pyrolysis reaction chamber, one or more primary char gasification chambers, and one or more secondary char gasification chambers which comprise an internal vertical reaction volume suitable for containing a particle bed fluidized by a predominantly vertical upwards gas flow. The vertical reaction volume is advantageous in that this provides the possibility for increased retention time of particles, facilitating comparatively slow "productive" temperature moderation based on endothermic char conversion.
Abstract:
A wall construction for a boiler arrangement (10). The boiler arrangement is formed of at least a furnace (12) and a separator (16). The furnace has a grid, a bottom part, and an upper part. The separator is arranged by conduits (70) in flow communication with both the upper part and the bottom part of the furnace. The conduits, together with the separator, form an external circulation of bed material. The upper part of the furnace has four vertical walls, and the bottom part of the furnace has a height and four walls extending from the grid up to the vertical walls. The wall construction includes at least one hollow beam being attached to a wall of the bottom part of the furnace and extending substantially over the entire height of the bottom part, and the at least one hollow beam being in flow communication with the external circulation for returning bed material into the furnace.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a device that includes a reactor (1A, 1'A) having a fast fluidized bed comprising a lower sole (1E, 1'E), a first associated separator (1B, 1'B) and a duct (1C, 1'C) for the transfer of solids at the outlet of the separator (1B, 1'B), wherein said duct (1C, 1'C) comprises a first gas-tight siphon (1D, 1'D). According to the invention, said transfer duct (1C, 1'C) has a cross section substantially identical to that of the associated reactor (1A, 1'A) and to the maximum cross section of the associated separator (1B, 1'B).
Abstract:
L'invention concerne un dispositif comprenant un réacteur (1A, 1'A) à lit fluidisé rapide comportant une sole inférieure (1E, 1'E), un premier séparateur associé (1B, 1'B) et une conduite de transfert (1C, 1'C) des solides en sortie de ce séparateur (1B, 1'B), cette conduite (1C, 1'C) comportant un premier siphon (1D, 1'D) d'étanchéité aux gaz. Selon l'invention, ladite conduite de transfert (1C, 1'C) est de section transversale sensiblement égale à celle du réacteur associé (1A, 1'A) et à la section transversale maximale du séparateur associé (1B, 1'B).
Abstract:
L'invention concerne un dispositif de lit fluidisé rapide comportant un réacteur (1, 1'), un cyclone de séparation des solides (2, 2') en sortie de ce réacteur, comportant une paroi supérieure (2A, 2'A) dite plafond, une conduite de retour de solides (4, 4') vers le réacteur en sortie de solides dudit cyclone et des échangeurs (5) associés au circuit de fumées en sortie dudit cyclone, une conduite (6, 6') reliant en partie haute ledit réacteur audit cyclone. Selon l'invention, ladite conduite (6, 6') débouche dans ledit plafond (2A, 2'A) du cyclone.
Abstract:
A combustor (110) is operative to effect therewith the combustion of fossil fuel (114') in order to thereby both heat to a working fluid (102) and generate a flue gas (104). An air preheater 144 receives the flue gas 104 generated in the combustor (110). A blower (180) causes air (188) to flow to the air preheater (144) when operating in an air fired mode, and causes both O2 and recycled flue gas 188' to flow when operating in the O2 firing mode. The air preheater (144) is operative to transfer heat from the flue gas (150) received thereby to the air 188 that is received when operating in an air fired mode or to both the received O2 and the recycled flue gas (188') that is received when operating in the O2 firing mode in order to thereby effect a preheating of the air (188) or of both the O2 and recycled flue gas, (188') depending upon the specific nature of the mode of operation thereof, and to thereby effect therewith a cooling of the flue gas received thereby. The preheated air (142) or both the preheated O2 and the recycled flue gas (142'), depending upon the specific nature of the mode of operation, is caused to flow from the air preheater (144) to the combustor (110) in order to thereby effect therewith a fluidization of the fossil fuel (114').
Abstract:
A combustor 110 combust a fluidized bed of fossil fuel 114, 114' to heat a working fluid 102 and generate flue gas 104. An air preheater 144 has first and second gas passageways 144a, 144b for respectively directing the generated flue gas 150 and another gas 250 with captured CO2 generated by combustion outside of the combustor 110. When operated in a non-CO2 capture, the air preheater 144 receives the flue gas 150, but not the other gas 250, and the first gas passageway 144a directs the flue gas 150 so as to preheat the air 188. However, when operated in the CO2 capture mode, the air preheater 144 receives the flue gas 150 and the other gas 250, and the second gas passageway 144b also directs the other gas 250 so as to preheat the air 188'. In either mode, the preheated air 188, 188' is applied by the combustor 110 to fluidize a bed of fossil fuel 114, 114'.