US08320569B2
Unique key aliases are generated for tape libraries. According to one embodiment, a first library identifier associated with a first tape library, which does not conflict with a second library identifier associated with a second tape library, is generated. One library identifier is associated with each of the tape libraries. A unique key alias, which does not conflict with any key aliases associated with the first tape library and does not conflict with any key aliases associated with the second tape library, is generated based on the first library identifier. Tape data is encrypted based on a data key that is identified with the unique key alias as a part of writing the tape data to the first tape library.
US08320558B1
A computer-implemented method for synchronizing encryption of information is disclosed according to one aspect of the subject technology. The method comprises receiving a selection of one or more types of information by a user, wherein the one or more types of information are synchronized across a plurality of computing devices. The method also comprises generating an encryption status indicating that the one or more types of information selected by the user are to be encrypted, and sending the encryption status from a first one of the computing devices to a server, wherein the server distributes the encryption status to each of the other computing devices.
US08320540B2
The present disclosure provides a method and a system for verifying identity of a user and a system for generating and maintaining verification codes. The method and the system use system-generated caller numbers as verification codes. When an application system needs to verify the identity of a user, the verification system generates a caller phone number and uses a communication switching system to place a call originating from the caller phone number to the user's phone. The user's phone has a caller ID display function to automatically display the caller number, which serves as a user identity verification code. The user provides the received caller number to the application system for user identity verification. No text messaging or other ways of communication is required. The method and the system can achieve reliable user identity verification. A centralized system may support multiple application systems for user identity verification.
US08320537B1
A telephone network voting system receives telephone ballots cast by voters by dialing a telephone number. The telephone number is dialed by voters spread over a large geographic area. The voting calls are routed to points of presence local to or otherwise identified with the caller by using the caller's ANI or other originating number identification. The points of presence then accumulate votes and periodically forward tallies to a centralized location over a data network. Instructions may be transmitted from the centralized location to the points of presence.
US08320532B1
A system and method may include establishing a processing data session over a data network based on a processing data session request from a remote communication device, identifying a dialing directory based on the processing data session request, the dialing directory including multiple complete addresses, and receiving address information over the data network via the processing data session. The system and method may further include processing the address information to determine whether the address information corresponds to one of the plurality of complete addresses, and providing the corresponding one of the plurality of complete addresses over the data network to the remote communication device.
US08320524B2
A radiosurgery system is described that delivers a therapeutic dose of radiation to a target structure in a patient. In some embodiments, inflammatory ocular disorders are treated, specifically macular degeneration. In some embodiments, ocular structures are placed in a global coordinate system, based on ocular imaging, which leads to direction of an automated positioning system. In some embodiments, the position of an ocular structure is tracked and related to a radiosurgery system. In some embodiments, a treatment plan is utilized for a specific disease to be treated and/or structures to be avoided. In some embodiments, a fiducial aids in positioning the system. In some embodiments, a reflection off the eye is used to aid in positioning. In some embodiments, radiodynamic therapy is described in which radiosurgery is used in combination with other treatments and can be delivered concomitant with, prior to, or following other treatments.
US08320509B2
Systems and methods are provided for decoding signal vectors in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, where the receiver has received one or more signal vectors from the same transmitted vector. The receiver combines the received vectors by vector concatenation The concatenated vector may then be decoded using, for example, maximum-likelihood decoding. In some embodiments, the combined signal vector is equalized before decoding.
US08320503B2
A receiver that receives a train of a plurality of symbols representing digital data, includes: an isolated pulse detector that detects whether the digital data includes an isolated pulse in the symbol train, respectively; a phase detector that detects a timing at which the level of the symbols changes; a symbol value converter that converts the symbols into logical values on the basis of the timing detected by the phase detector; and a data selector that selects a logical value of the isolated pulse instead of the logical value converted by the symbol value converter when the isolated pulse detector detects the digital data containing the isolated pulse.
US08320500B2
An improved OFDM receiver is realized by employing a simplified delay function for the transmissions channel. The simplified delay function yields a simplified frequency-domain correlation that is applied to develop an Eigen matrix U that is used in developing estimates of the channels. Those channel estimates are used in the receiver to develop the output signals.
US08320491B2
According to one embodiment of the invention, a method for encoding a data matrix having at least a first component and a second component is provided wherein the value of the first component is determined, the number of bits to be used for encoding the second component is selected based on the value of the first component, the second component is encoded using the selected number of bits, and the first component is encoded.
US08320482B2
There is already disclosed a technique for an MB-OFDM communication system whereby an orthogonal demodulation section removes a DC offset generated in a received signal in a region where the received signal is an analog signal, but the removal of the DC offset in the analog region cannot prevent the DC offset from remaining, and therefore the DC offset needs to be effectively removed in a digital region. An offset canceling section 26 calculates an average value of amplitude of a signal which should have an average of amplitude within a predetermined time range of 0, subtracts the average value from the signal and thereby removes an offset included in the signal.
US08320473B1
A data communication method is disclosed. The method may include obtaining a data vector to be communicated; selecting a code table configured for facilitating the data communication; selecting a vector of real numbers representative of the data vector using the code table; and transmitting the vector of real numbers, wherein the vector of real numbers is transformed, upon reception, into a best corresponding vector by utilizing the code table.
US08320470B2
A method for performing spatial error concealment is provided. The method includes the following steps: detecting a damaged macroblock; obtaining coding information of neighboring macroblocks of the damaged macroblock; determining edge feature of the damaged macroblock based on the coding information; and according to the edge feature, selecting a bilinear interpolation algorithm or a directional interpolation algorithm to conceal errors within the damaged macroblock.
US08320468B2
A picture decoding method and apparatus for encoding a video signal. The method includes performing an encoding process on the video signal to generate a bit stream compatible with MPEG 1 moving picture video standard. The method further includes controlling the encoding process so as to generate the bit stream which includes, in a previous picture header, an extension start code indicating the beginning of extension data added when a picture header includes control data that is newly added in MPEG 2 standard format and the extension data, and does not include, in a current picture header, the extension start code and the extension data.
US08320463B2
Encoding or decoding digital video frames in intra-prediction mode by selecting column reference data locations for blocks adjacent a current block from a column reference data buffer storing column reference data samples for no more than two macro blocks of the frame. In some cases, the column reference data buffer may include a storage size for samples of a first column of data of blocks of one macro block of luminance samples. Encoding and decoding may also include selecting row reference data locations for blocks adjacent a current block from a row reference data buffer storing row reference data samples for at least one row of macro blocks of the frame. In some cases, the row reference data buffer may include storage for samples of a first row of data of fourteen successive blocks spanning two rows. The concept can be applied to various video processing components and standards.
US08320461B2
A remote resource access interface apparatus is provided. A key input unit has keys for generating input key values. A communication unit transmits a connection establishment request message including screen resolution information to, and receives a connection establishment response message including supportable key information from, a portable device. The communication unit transmits input key information to and receives video information from the portable device after establishing the connection. A pixel information processing unit converts the video information to pixel signals for a video output unit to display as a visual image. A key advisor unit extracts supportable key information from the response message and outputs the supportable key information to the video output unit. The video information is video data adjusted in resolution based on the screen resolution information, and the input key value is mapped to one of key values indicated by the key information of the portable device.
US08320459B2
A moving picture decoding method, which generates a predicted image using information on motion vectors and information on reference images, the moving picture decoding method having multiple prediction modes including a mode without motion vector decoding, including: a step of selecting a frame(s) to be referenced to in the prediction of each prediction direction in the prediction mode from among multiple candidate reference frames, and a step of selecting motion vector information used in the prediction mode, wherein said step of selecting motion vector information is performed based on whether candidate blocks including the block adjacent to the left side of or the upper side of a current block have a motion vector; and moving picture decoding is performed by generating said predicted image using the information on said selected reference frame and the information on said selected motion vectors in said prediction mode.
US08320456B2
An apparatus for processing a video signal and method thereof are disclosed. The present invention includes determining an intra reference block in a current view layer by using an intra motion information of an inter-reference unit in a reference view layer, the inter-reference unit being partially decoded and decoding the current block in the current view layer by using the intra-reference block. Accordingly, in coding a video signal, pictures failing to be substantially referred to for reconstruction of a current picture can be omitted. According to another aspect of the present invention, residual information having high redundancy is omitted to raise a compression ratio.
US08320445B2
Disclosed herein is a method for digital video encoding prediction comprising creating a constructed reference frame using an encoder and compressing a series of source video frames using the constructed reference frame to obtain a bitstream including a compressed digital video signal for a subsequent decoding process. The constructed reference frame is omitted from the series of digital video frames during the subsequent viewing process.
US08320436B2
Received signal measurements are calibrated in a communication device by measuring a received signal level for each of one or more subcarriers of a transmitted signal received from another communication device, converting the measured received signal level for each of the one or more subcarriers into a corresponding measured power level, estimating a terminal-to-terminal impedance between the communication devices and calculating a corrected power level for each of the one or more subcarriers as a function of the measured power level for the subcarrier, a known reference input impedance for the communication device and the estimated terminal-to-terminal impedance.
US08320423B2
An advanced, back-illuminated, silicon avalanche photodiode (APD) design is presented using silicon-on-sapphire with a novel crystalline aluminum nitride (AlN) antireflective layer between the silicon and R-plane sapphire. The substrate supports optical and electrical integration of a high quantum efficiency silicon APD with a gallium nitride (GaN)-VCSEL diode in each pixel to form a novel, compact, emitter-detector pixel for passive and active 2-D and 3-D high resolution, imaging focal plane arrays. Silicon mesa pixels are anisotropically etched with a central inverted mesa frustum cavity. The APD detector is fabricated in the silicon mesa and the GaN-VCSEL diode is grown epitaxially in the center of the mesa. A sapphire microlens below each pixel collimates the VCSEL beam and focuses optical returns into the APD detector. APDs share a common front-side anode, and VCSELs share a common cathode. The APD cathode is electrically connected to the VCSEL diode anode in each emitter-detector pixel.
US08320420B2
A laser bias control and monitoring circuit receives a monitor diode current on an input node and generate a bias current for a laser diode on an output node where the monitor diode current flows into (positive polarity) or out of (negative polarity) the input node. The laser bias control and monitoring circuit includes a polarity independent current sensing circuit configured to receive the monitor diode current in either positive or negative polarity and to generate a normalized output current having a magnitude proportional to a magnitude of the monitor diode current. In this manner, the laser bias control and monitoring circuit can be used with laser diode and monitor diode combination in either the common anode or the common cathode configuration, or with the monitor diode current being provided from the anode or cathode of the monitor diode. No reprogramming or reconfiguration of the circuit is required.
US08320418B2
Optical systems operable to emit multiple frequency-converted spectral peaks are provided. In one embodiment, an optical system includes an optical source and a wavelength conversion device. The optical source may include a laser configured to emit a pump beam having at least two fundamental spectral peaks. The wavelength conversion device may include a non-linear optical medium configured to phase match the second harmonic generation of each of the at least two fundamental spectral peaks and sum-frequency generation of the at least two fundamental spectral peaks such that an output beam comprising at least three frequency-converted spectral peaks having approximately equal power is emitted from an output facet of the wavelength conversion device when the pump beam of the optical source is incident on an input facet of the wavelength conversion device.
US08320413B2
A telephone access (3) includes a signaling channel (5). A substitute channel (9) or substitute channels (8) can be added to the signaling channel and used when the signaling channel is down. It is shown that this makes the telephone access more suitable for a separate signaling channel access or hybrid access configuration.
US08320408B2
A challenging problem is maintaining low power consumption in multi-channel (MC) systems, where multiple input signals demand several front-end analog signal-processing blocks to be replicated. A code-division multiplexing (CDM) system can be generalized as a signal compression-decompression involving an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). This invention utilizes CDM in MC front-end integrated circuits to significantly reduce the power consumption of such systems. The invention also extends CDM's data compression advantages to uncorrelated and weakly correlated MC signals through the introduction of a new Multi-Channel Signal Binning and Multiplexing (MCSBM) method and architecture. The proposed method achieves significant reductions in power consumption in comparison to a conventional time-division multiplexing quantizer, while adding only a modest amount of overhead and complexity. Among other advantages, the invention permits architects to fabricate MC integrated circuits with ultra low power consumption and small chip area, where conventional architectures could not. Another embodiment of the invention relates to the system's compressor organizing samples of the input signal in such a way that the downstream ADC quantizes the higher variance samples with a higher resolution compared to the resolution it uses to quantize other samples with lower variance.
US08320402B2
A base station for allocating one or more sub-channels to a mobile station to perform uplink wireless communication with the mobile station through the one or more sub-channels, including an estimation unit to estimate a propagation environment for radio waves from the mobile station to the base station; a calculation unit to calculate an interference amount based on a reception power at the base station apparatus; and a determination unit to determine a modulation method, an encoding ratio, and a number of sub-channels, which are to be used by the mobile station for transmission to the base station, based on the propagation environment, the interference amount, and specification conditions of the mobile station, to notify the mobile station of the modulation method, the encoding ratio, and the number of sub-channels.
US08320396B2
A system and method of wireless communication power control is provided which allows for adjusting power levels without requiring high bandwidth for control. Embodiments allocate subcarriers into unequal power groups, each group having a consistent subcarrier power level. Using interference parameter information from a user, a subcarrier is assigned from a group having adequate power to maintain the user's required power level. In general, users with higher power requirements, such as those near cell boundaries, will be assigned subcarriers from a group having a higher power level. A cell may use a different allocation than a neighbor, so that subcarriers with the highest power level in one cell may not also have the highest power level in a neighboring cell. Such diversity may reduce inter-cell interference of the subcarriers near a cell boundary, since no two subcarriers are transmitted with highest power simultaneously by neighboring base stations.
US08320395B2
A radio resource control in an Uplink Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) system is provided. The control procedure includes: dividing the common frequency band into more than one frequency band sub-block; allocating at least one user terminal to each frequency band sub-block on the basis of the modulation and coding schemes used by the user terminals; and controlling transmission power of the user terminals on the basis of the modulation and coding schemes used by the user terminals.
US08320383B2
The invention includes a method and apparatus providing call admission control for a wireless local area network (WLAN). A method includes extracting call signaling information from call signaling messages exchanged between a first user terminal and a second user terminal for establishing a voice call, where the second user terminal is being served by a wireless access point, and propagating a quality-of-service request toward the wireless access point which may be used by the wireless access point for determining whether or not to accept the voice call. The quality-of-service request includes at least one quality-of-service parameter determined using the extracted call signaling information. The at least one quality-of-service parameter is adapted for use by the wireless access point for determining whether or not to accept the voice call. The wireless access point then provides an indication as to whether it has accepted the voice call (in which case the voice call is completed) or whether it has rejected the voice call (in which case some other call handling may be applied to the voice call).
US08320379B2
A method of carrying out arbitration in a packet exchanger including an input buffer temporarily storing a packet having arrived at an input port, and a packet switch which switches a packet between a specific input port and a specific output port, includes the steps of (a) concurrently carrying out a first plurality of sequences in each of the sequences basic processes for at least one of the input buffer and the output port are carried out in a predetermined order, and (b) making an allowance in each of the sequences for packets to be output through output through output ports at different times from one another.
US08320375B2
A status message is sent by each node a group of nodes in a network to other nodes in the group using a multicast and/or broadcast channel of the network to identify the nodes in the group. The status message includes a piece of information about a data segment to be received by the nodes in the group via the multicast and/or broadcast channel. At least one of the nodes in the group requests the data segment via a point-to-point transmission channel from a source node. The data segment is sent to the other node(s) in the group via the multicast and/or broadcast channel.
US08320367B1
Various example embodiments are disclosed. According to an example embodiment, a non-transitory, computer-readable medium may include computer-executable instructions stored thereon. When executed by at least one processor, the instructions may be configured to cause a computing system to at least initialize a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) telephone program in a guest mode configured to allow any user of the computing system to place telephone calls, and in response to a user logging in to the computing system, transition the VoIP telephone program from the guest mode to a custom mode for the logged-in user.
US08320366B2
Disclosed are various systems and methods for controlling a voice activity detector. In one example approach, a method is provided in which a voice over Internet protocol (VOIP) session is initiated in a first gateway with a second gateway. A plurality of jitter adaptation packets are transmitted from the first gateway to the second gateway. Also, the voice activity detector is disabled in the first gateway during the transmission of the jitter adaptation packets. The voice activity detector is enabled in the first gateway after the transmission of the jitter adaptation packets.
US08320362B2
A communications system and method of transferring data over the communications system. The system includes audio communications devices (telephones and/or, soft phones) connected to Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) endpoints with multiple line capabilities and a unique Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) associated with audio communications that has the form x@y.z. A file transfer agent system running a File Transfer Application Agent (FTAA) application is also connected at each of SIP endpoints, and has a unique URI that has the form ft.x@y.z. Parties conducting a phone conversation at SIP endpoints can initiate file transfers between the file transfer agent system from respective audio communications devices without otherwise accessing the file transfer agent system.
US08320356B2
The circuit scale of a wireless communication apparatus at the data receiving end in a wireless communication performing an adaptive control for each of subcarriers or subchannels can be reduced. In the present apparatus, frame forming parts (103-1 to 103-m) each multiplex a pilot, control information and transport data to form a frame for a respective one of subchannels (1 to m). A subcarrier assigning part (104) assigns subcarriers designated from an adaptive control part (114) to the respective frames formed by the frame forming parts (103-1 to 103-m). A timing control part (105) establishes mutually different frame timing offsets to the respective frames received from the subcarrier assigning part (104).
US08320352B2
Systems and methods are described that facilitate assigning a predefined manner in which interfering transmissions may be fully or partially orthogonalized, as well as transmission time periods during which the orthogonalization protocol(s) may be employed. Depending on interference conditions, flexible resource reuse may be implemented to mitigate interference without unduly taxing resources. The subject of the innovation may be employed in, for instance, an ad hoc or unplanned/semi-planned wireless communication environment.
US08320349B1
The present invention provides a combined user agent, which acts on behalf of multiple packet-based communication clients that may have different media capabilities. The combined user agent allows the different communication clients to cooperate with one another and participate in the same multimedia session. Different ones of the communication clients may support different types of media sessions. The combined user agent may present a single interface, which is associated with a single identification, on behalf of the supported communication clients to remote communication clients. As such, the combined user agent may appear to remote communication clients as a single communication client having the combined capabilities of the supported communication clients.
US08320344B2
A method and system for selectively provisioning connections between an access point, which supports telecommunications services over an IP network, and a carrier network includes a network connection and a telephone connector suitable for connecting to a landline telephone, a cordless telephone, or a mobile device. The access point sends a provisioning request, which includes identifying information such as a subscriber identifier and a MAC address, to a network controller. The network controller attempts to find a geographic, street, or other address associated with the connection to be provisioned. If an address is not found, the network controller rejects the connection and sends a missing information notification to the access point. After receiving the missing information notification, the access point controls a user indicator to provide error information.
US08320335B2
A wireless communication system is disclosed including a MIMO wireless communication apparatus that can communicate through multiple antennas and a non-MIMO wireless communication apparatus that can communicate through a single antenna or multiple antennas. The MIMO wireless communication apparatus includes a communication unit configured to transmit and receive control information divided into a second control information containing information related to the demodulation and decoding of traffic channel and a first control information containing information related to the MIMO separation of the second control information.
US08320326B2
A communication system provides for a handoff of a hybrid mobile station (MS) between a legacy network implementing a non-high rate packet data (non-HRPD) communication technology and a network implementing a high rate packet data (HRPD) communication technology. In one embodiment, the legacy network receives a handoff trigger and redirects the MS to the HRPD network. In other embodiments, the legacy network (or HRPD network) receives a handoff trigger, obtains an allocation of HRPD network (or non-HRPD network) resources from the HRPD network (or non-HRPD network), and informs the MS of the allocated HRPD network (or non-HRPD network) resources. Subsequent to the establishment by the HRPD network (or non-HRPD network) of a traffic channel with the MS, the non-HRPD network (or HRPD network) releases non-HRPD network (or HRPD network) RF resources associated with the MS. In still other embodiments, the handoffs may be controlled by a Mobile Switching Center.
US08320322B2
A control unit assigns time slots to terminal apparatuses, at regular intervals, over predetermined sub-channels among a plurality of sub-channels where the time slot is formed by frequency-multiplexing a plurality of sub-channels and frames each of which is formed by a plurality of time slots are contiguous. The control unit also arbitrarily assigns a plurality of time slots to terminal apparatuses, respectively, over the remaining sub-channels. An RF unit through an IF unit communicate with the terminal apparatuses assigned by the control unit.
US08320319B2
The invention relates to a method for deactivating a semi-persistent resource allocation of a user equipment in an LTE-based mobile communication system. Furthermore, the invention also related to a user equipment and a eNode B implementing this method. To provide a mechanism for deactivating a semi-persistent resource allocation in a LTE system which is not requiring any changes to the Physical layer-to-MAC layer interface and/or preferably no changes to the PDCCH formats agreed by the 3GPP a combination of NDI value and MCS index is defined that is commanding the release of SPS resources. Alternatively, another solution proposed to define a special transport block size that when signaled in a PDCCH is commanding the release of SPS resources.
US08320313B1
Methods and systems for carrier frequency management based on slot contention are provided. A radio access network (RAN) may radiate on one or more carrier frequencies to define wireless coverage areas. Each wireless coverage area may provide network access for one or more wireless communication devices (WCDs). In order to efficiently manage these carrier frequencies, the RAN may measure a slot contention metric for each carrier frequency. Based on the measured slot contention metrics, the RAN may perform a carrier frequency management function affecting at least one of the carrier frequencies. Carrier frequency management functions may include, but are not limited to, assigning a WCD to a carrier frequency, taking a carrier frequency out of service, and placing a new carrier frequency in service.
US08320312B2
The present invention is a method and system adapted to facilitate, between a mobile station (MS) and network, an indication of support for reduced time transmission interval (RTTI). The MS can provide a base station system (BSS) with an indication of its multislot capability within an access burst sent at the start of a contention based access. In another aspect, the MS can indicate support for a new Immediate Assignment message as the conventional Immediate Assignment message can only assign single timeslots. The present invention enables the Radio Access Network (RAN) to assign RTTI and more than one timeslot for GPRS/EDGE temporary block flows (TBFs) during an Access Grant Channel (AGCH) assignment. The method of the present invention can be implemented in a computer program product or distributed software adapted to be loaded into at least one or a plurality of memory locations and executed by at least one or a plurality of respective computer processors.
US08320309B2
A method and gateway node for routing IP traffic to and from a mobile terminal able to connect to the Internet via two or more gateway nodes. A multi-addressing multi-homing protocol is implemented at each gateway node on behalf of the mobile terminal. The gateway nodes share protocol state information to enable gateway nodes to update state information at the corresponding node when the mobile terminal changes gateway nodes.
US08320302B2
Techniques for over the air (OTA) microcontroller flash memory updates using a wireless network are disclosed herein. A control node first transmits the microcontroller flash memory update to all devices that can receive the message. Each packet of the message is relayed through multiple communication levels until all devices receive the packet. This starts with communications from the control node to each device node that has a direct communication path to the control node, which are referred to herein as “first level” device nodes. The first level device nodes then relay each communication to each other device node that has a direct communication path to the first level device nodes, which are referred to herein as “second level” device nodes. This process is repeated at each level of the wireless network until each of the plurality of device nodes has received the microcontroller flash memory update.
US08320294B2
The inventive method makes it possible to communicate in a network comprising wireless nodes provided with communications means enabling to communicate through a wireless channel and wire nodes provided with communication means enabling to communicate through a wire channel. Said method is characterised in that the wire node repeats a message received exclusively through a wireless channel if a signal acknowledging the message reception is not received, wherein the transmission of said acknowledgement signal is generated in a first time slot upon the reception of the signal though a wire channel.
US08320288B2
To suitably suppress distribution delay at the time of multi-hop communication or broadcast transfer while including a communication station in a power-saving state.First, STA-A immediately transmits broadcast data to STA-B which is running in an active mode, and subsequently, executes transmission of a beacon at a TBTT when STA-C operates a receiver, and then transmits the broadcast data to the STA-C. Thus, the broadcast data can be distributed to the STA-B which is running in the active mode with the minimum delay, and on the other hand, the broadcast data is distributed to the STA-C which is running in a sleep mode in a sure manner while generating a delay quantity of only T0.
US08320286B2
Aspects of an infrastructure offload wake on wireless LAN (WOWL) are described. An aspect of the system may include a networked device, or station, which may communicate one or more filters to an infrastructure networking device. The infrastructure networking device may utilize the filters to perform pattern matching operations on frames or packets received from the network for delivery to at least the station while the station is in an inactive, or low-power, state. When pattern matching operations performed at the infrastructure networking device indicate receipt of a frame or packet on behalf of the inactive station, which matches at least one of the filters, the infrastructure networking device may store an indication value. The indication value may denote receipt of at least one frame or packet that matched at least one of the filters, which were communicated to the infrastructure networking device by the station.
US08320279B2
Methods and systems are provided for provisioning and managing network-based virtual private networks (VPNs). According to one embodiment, a routing configuration for each of multiple network-based customer VPNs is generated for multiple customers based on (i) site reachability information for multiple service processing switches and (ii) a global customer routing profile for a network-based customer VPN of the plurality of network-based customer VPNs. Multiple virtual routers (VRs) distributed among the service processing switches are provisioned to support the network-based customer VPNs based on the routing configurations. A custom routing profile, identifying one or more routing protocols to be used for one or more segments of the network-based customer VPN profile, is received for the network-based customer VPN. The network-based customer VPN is automatically reconfigured by programmatically generating appropriate routing configurations for VRs partitioned to the network-based customer VPN based on the site reachability information and the custom routing profile.
US08320278B2
There is provided a communication device including a score information storage unit to store score information indicating a score as an evaluated value of a communication path; a receiver unit to receive a route connection notice including current score information; a routing unit to acquire the score information stored in the score information storage unit, and select the communication path next to the communication path based on the acquired score information of the communication path; a score updating unit to add a score of the communication path selected by the routing unit to the current score of the partial communication route indicated by the current score information, and update the current score information to the added score as a new current score; and a transmission unit to transmit the route connection notice including the current score information.
US08320275B2
A channel information feedback method, an information processing method, a mobile station, a base station, and a MIMO system are disclosed by embodiments of the present invention. Through the foregoing technical solutions, different numbers of channel information feedback bits are allocated for different channels dynamically, and the feedback gain is made better use of.
US08320269B2
A distributed power control technique for wireless networking efficiently balances communication delay against transmitter power on each wireless link. Packets are transmitted over a wireless link from a transmitter to a receiver using a dynamically controlled transmit power level that is periodically updated at the transmitter. The transmit power is computed from i) an observed noise plus interference value of the wireless link and ii) a parameter that determines a balance between per-packet average delay and per-packet average power. In a preferred implementation, the dynamically controlled transmit power level is computed by minimizing the sum of an average delay cost and an average power cost, weighted by the parameter.
US08320268B2
A communication control apparatus calculates a bandwidth ratio Ri based on a received number of IP packets received from a radio communication apparatus within a window T2. The bandwidth ratio Ri indicates a ratio of the bandwidth of a radio IP network 10A to be used for receiving IP packets within a window T3 following the window T2, to the bandwidth of a radio IP network 10B to be used for receiving IP packets within the window T3. The communication control apparatus then transmits, to the radio communication apparatus, a complementary bandwidth amount notification message from which the calculated bandwidth ratio Ri is recognizable.
US08320266B2
A method and a device relating to a scheduling mechanism in a base station in a WCDMA system are disclosed. The mechanism enables the base station to rapidly adapt to users momentary traffic demands and to interference variations, a dynamical adjustable margin is proposed in this invention. The adjustment is based on the RoT measurement in a cell. To fully use the resource in a cell, the RoT can be targeted to be as closer to the RoTmax as possible however without exceed the limit. The scheduler is preferably set to schedule as high a rate or as many users as possible to fill up the available RoT. The margin which is reserved for the neighboring cell load and external interference is decreased step by step as long as the RoT measurement is below a threshold under RoTmax. Whenever the RoT measurement exceeds the threshold, the margin is increased by one step.
US08320264B2
In one embodiment, the disclosure relates to a method for determining a path loss value of a signal transmitted from a wireless device and received by a receiver, where the wireless device and the receiver operate within a wireless communication system having at least one cell having at least one sector operating on at least one frequency channel. The method includes: (i) identifying a geographic area where the path loss value is to be determined; (ii) identifying a first cell, a first sector, and a first frequency channel associated with the geographic area wherein said wireless device is actively communicating with said receiver using said first frequency channel; (iii) receiving at said receiver the signal transmitted from said wireless device on said first frequency channel; (iv) receiving at said receiver an indication of transmission signal strength of said signal; (v) measuring at said receiver the received signal strength of said signal; and (vi) determining the path loss value of said first frequency channel as a function of the indication of transmission signal strength and the received signal strength.
US08320260B2
A wireless communication network automatically tests itself for sleeping cells. This is done by designing the base stations to regularly act as a terminal, contact its neighboring base stations and as a mobile perform a set of typical traffic cases. From the outcome of the traffic cases the probing base station detects neighboring base stations that cannot carry traffic. The information about sleeping cells is subsequently communicated from the base station to the operation and maintenance system.
US08320256B2
Utilization of at least one resource is managed in a computer system by monitoring usage of capacity of the computer resource, including monitoring usage of base capacity of the computer resource and marginal capacity of the computer resource exceeding the base capacity and determining whether usage of the computer resource exceeds a predetermined threshold. The determination may be based on an average usage of multiple computer resources over the predetermined time period. If usage of the computer resource exceeds the predetermined threshold, a charge for the usage of the computer resources is adjusted by an amount based on the usage of the computer resources exceeding the threshold.
US08320255B2
A technique computes a traffic engineering (TE) label switched path (LSP) that spans multiple domains of a computer network from a head-end node of a local domain to a tail-end node of a remote domain. The novel inter-domain TE-LSP computation technique comprises a computation algorithm executed by the head-end node, which utilizes Path Computation Elements (PCEs) located within the remote domains (i.e., other than the local domain). Specifically, the head-end node requests path segments from a PCE in each of the remote domains, in which the path segments represent paths between all entry border routers to either all exit border routers of the particular remote domain (i.e., through the domain), or to the tail-end node. Upon receiving path segments from each remote domain, the head-end node combines the path segments with local domain information, and performs a forward path computation from the head-end node to the tail-end node to find the best (i.e., “shortest”) path.
US08320250B2
A communication entity is located at one end of a high latency communication link to support Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) communications between a first transceiver entity and a second transceiver entity. The communication entity comprises proxy logic arranged to inspect a received segment and, in response to identifying that the received segment does not contain data, the proxy logic transparently allows a plurality of synchronizing segments to pass between the first transceiver entity and the second transceiver entity through the proxy logic such that the proxy logic generates locally at least one acknowledgement message based on the synchronizing segments and the inspected received segment.
US08320249B2
Aspects of a method and system for controlling network access on a per-flow basis may comprise controlling access to a network by regulating at least one flow comprising one or more ingress packets based on a flow identifier associated with said one or more packets and based on an establishment of flows in said network. The flow identifier may comprise a source IP address, a destination IP address, a source MAC address, a destination MAC address, a network protocol, a source port number, and/or a destination port number. The number of flows permitted for a source and/or a rate at which a source is allowed to establish new flows may be limited. Flows that exceed one or more of these limits may be marked for further processing. Access to the network for the marked flows may be determined based on past and/or present network statistics. Flows received when a node is at capacity may also be marked for processing.
US08320248B2
A method and system for communicating data in an xDSL data retransmission mode is disclosed. A data transmission unit (DTU) is defined. The DTU is sent in an xDSL data stream. A retransmit container is further defined a as a time slot that corresponds to a sent DTU. A copy of the sent DTUs and an index of corresponding retransmit containers is maintained. The DTUs are transmitted the in the xDSL data stream. A determination is made on whether a transmitted DTU was corrupted during transmission. Each corrupted DTU is identified by its corresponding retransmit container. An uncorrupted copy of the DTU is then retransmitted as identified by the corresponding retransmit container.
US08320239B1
A receiver-driven layered multicast rate control protocol technique includes receiving an information flow consisting of a group of different layers and detecting traffic congestion and cessation of traffic congestion. One or more of the group of different layers are dropped upon the detection of traffic congestion and one or more of the group of different layers are added upon the detection of cessation of traffic congestion. The dropping consists of forwarding a pause message to an upstream multicast router to instruct the upstream multicast router to discard packets and the adding consists of forwarding a resume message to the upstream multicast router to instruct the upstream multicast router to transmit packets. The adding and dropping may be performed by a local receiver downstream of the multicast router and one or more of the group of different layers may be added or dropped simultaneously in a single operation.
US08320238B2
Provided is a network system including a start device and multiple end devices. A point-to-point (P-to-P) logical path is set to be used for unicast communication between the start device and each of the end devices. A first point-to-multipoint (P-to-M) logical path and a second P-to-M logical path are set to be used for multicast communication from the start device to the multiple end devices. The start device transmits data over the first P-to-M logical path. When one of the end devices detects a defect along the first P-to-M logical path, the end device that has detected the defect transmits a switch request over the P-to-P logical path set between this end device and the start device. The start device receives the switch request and transmits data over the second P-to-M logical path.
US08320235B2
A self-repair system provides resource failure tolerance using an interconnection network that provides interconnection information identifying connections between system resources, redundant resources and ports that are connectable to consumers of the system resources. A controller identifies both defective system resources and the affected sinks connected to the defective system resources from the interconnection network. The controller further identifies compatible resources from the system resources and redundant resources that are capable of replacing the defective system resources for each of the affected sinks from the interconnection network. The controller determines a respective cost associated with each of the compatible resources, and in response to the determined costs, selects at least one of the compatible resources as a replacement resource for each of the defective system resources. The controller further configures the interconnection network to connect the replacement resources to the affected ports instead of the defective system resources.
US08320232B1
A patterned perpendicular magnetic recording medium has discrete data islands that have first and second ferromagnetic layers (MAG1 and MAG2) with first and second nonmagnetic interlayers (IL1 and IL2) between MAG1 and MAG2. MAG1 and MAG2 may be similar CoPtCr alloys with similar thicknesses, with thicknesses of IL1 and IL2 that assure that MAG1 and MAG2 are strongly exchange coupled. Alternatively, MAG2 may be a “write assist” layer, for example a high-saturation magnetization, magnetically soft material in an exchange-spring structure, with IL1 being very thin so that IL2 functions as the coupling layer between MAG1 and the write-assist MAG2 layer. In an application for thermally-assisted recording (TAR), MAG2 may be the chemically-ordered equiatomic binary alloy FePt or CoPt based on the L10 phase, with high magneto-crystalline anisotropy (Ku).
US08320228B2
A near-field optical head has a planar substrate having a first surface, a second surface disposed opposite to the first surface, and an inverted pyramidal hole extending through the first and second surfaces. The inverted pyramidal hole has at least one fine aperture formed at an apex thereof and disposed in the first surface and having at least one curved slant surface. An optical waveguide extends into the inverted pyramidal hole of the planar substrate for propagating light along an optical path. A mirror is disposed in the optical waveguide for bending in the direction of the fine aperture the optical path of the light propagated through the optical waveguide.
US08320223B2
An optical storage apparatus and a method for eliminating a write power transient thereof are provided. The method includes following steps. First, a target voltage level of a write voltage when next time the optical storage apparatus writes data is obtained. Then, a command value is updated by using the target voltage level according to a relationship between the command value and the write voltage. Next, the write voltage of the optical storage apparatus is pre-charged to the target voltage level according to the updated command value. Thereby, the write power transient of the optical storage apparatus can be eliminated.
US08320220B1
An energy assisted magnetic recording (EAMR) transducer coupled with a laser is described. The EAMR transducer has an air-bearing surface (ABS) residing near a media during use. The laser provides energy. The transducer includes a waveguide, a near field transducer (NFT) proximate to the ABS, a write pole, a heat spreader, and at least one coil. The waveguide directs the energy from the laser toward the ABS. The NFT is optically coupled with the waveguide, focuses the energy onto the media, and includes a disk having an NFT width. The write pole writes to the media. The heat spreader is thermally coupled with the NFT. A first portion of the heat spreader is between the NFT and the pole, is between the ABS and a second portion of the heat spreader, and has a first width. The second portion has a second width greater than the first width.
US08320216B2
A computer-implemented method of sonar processing includes identifying, with a processor, a detection having a detection probability value, the detection in a selected beam, wherein the detection is associated with a detection range cell having detection range cell data. The method also includes comparing, with the processor, the detection range cell data with range cell data from a corresponding range cell from at least one overlapping beam overlapping the selected beam. The method also includes updating, with the processor, the detection probability value based upon the comparing. A sonar system uses the above-described method. A computer readable storage medium has instructions thereon to achieve the above-described method.
US08320214B1
A device for deflecting acoustic waves for an object in a liquid environment includes a heating grid and a cooling grid. The heating grid is positioned about the object and increases the temperature in the liquid environment. The cooling grid is positioned about the object to cool the liquid environment outside the heating grid. Jointly, these grids establish a temperature gradient in the liquid environment that is capable of bending acoustic waves in the environment. The cooling grid and heating grid can be established through mechanical, electrical or chemical methods. Alternatively, the required temperature gradient can be established by a heating grid alone in a moving vehicle wherein the heating grid is continuously in contact with undisturbed water at the ambient temperature.
US08320210B2
Memory circuit and a tracking circuit thereof. The tracking circuit includes a dummy bit line (DBL). The tracking circuit further includes a first circuit to discharge the dummy bit line in response to a first signal and a wordline activation signal. The wordline activation signal causes activation of a memory cell. The tracking circuit also includes a second circuit which is responsive to discharge of the dummy bit line to enable access to the memory cell.
US08320208B2
A single-ended sense amplifier circuit of the invention comprises first and second MOS transistors and first and second precharge circuits. The first MOS transistor drives the bit line to a predetermined voltage and switches connection between the bit line and a sense node and the second MOS transistor whose gate is connected to the sense node amplifies the signal via the first MOS transistor. The first precharge circuit precharges the bit line to a first potential and the second precharge circuit precharges the sense node to a second potential. Before sensing operation, the bit line is driven to the predetermined voltage when the above gate voltage is controlled to decrease. The predetermined voltage is appropriately set so that a required voltage difference at the sense node between high and low levels can be obtained near a changing point between charge transfer/distributing modes.
US08320204B2
A memory interface control circuit includes an input/output circuit 10 which transmits and receives a data strobe signal DQS to and from a memory, a read control circuit 20 which determines that the data strobe signal DQS associated with a memory read, received from the input/output circuit has repeated a predetermined number of times of transitions based on information on the number of data reads and sets a mask signal MS to a mask state, and a write control circuit 30 which controls a transmission timing of outputting the data strobe signal DQS associated with a memory write from the input/output circuit 10 based on a temporal positional relationship between a data strobe output request signal DQOEN associated with the memory write and the mask signal MS.
US08320202B2
A memory system having first and second memory devices and a termination component. A first signal line is coupled to the first memory device to provide first data, associated with a write command, to the first memory device, and a second signal line coupled to the second memory device to provide second data, associated with the write command, to the second memory device. A control signal path is coupled to the first and second memory devices and the termination component such that the write command propagating on the control signal path propagates past the first memory device and the second memory device before reaching the termination component. A third signal line is provided to convey a clock signal that indicates when the write command propagating on the control signal path is to be sampled by the first and second memory devices.
US08320199B2
A data output circuit for a semiconductor memory device includes a first driver configured to output a first drive control signal in response to a data signal, a drive controller configured to compare a voltage level of the first drive control signal with a reference voltage and output a second drive control signal, and a second driver configured to drive an output terminal in response to the first drive control signal and additionally drive the output terminal in response to the second drive control signal.
US08320197B2
A semiconductor memory device having read and write operations includes a discrimination signal generating unit for generating a discrimination signal during the write operation and a selective delay unit for receiving and selectively delaying a command-group signal in response to the discrimination signal.
US08320193B2
A flash memory system includes a first flash memory cell having a first floating gate, a first source region, and a first control gate. The first control gate is connected to a word line. The first flash memory cell includes a first oxide layer separating the first control gate from the first floating gate and a first drain region connecting to a first bit line. The flash memory system also includes a second flash memory cell having a second floating gate, a second source region, and a second control gate. The second control gate is connected to the word line. The second flash memory cell includes a second oxide layer separating the second control gate from the second floating gate and a second drain region connecting to a second bit line. A comparator processes a first and second input signals received from the respective first and second bit lines.
US08320177B2
Program disturb is reduced in a non-volatile storage system by programming storage elements on a selected word line WLn in separate groups, according to the state of their WLn−1 neighbor storage element, and applying an optimal pass voltage to WLn−1 for each group. Initially, the states of the storage elements on WLn−1 are read. A program iteration includes multiple program pulses. A first program pulse is applied to WLn while a first pass voltage is applied to WLn−1, a first group of WLn storage elements is selected for programming, and a second group of WLn storage elements is inhibited. Next, a second program pulse is applied to WLn while a second pass voltage is applied to WLn−1, the second first group of WLn storage elements is selected for programming, and the first group of WLn storage elements is inhibited. A group can include one or more data states.
US08320174B2
An electromechanical switch is described, which comprises a conductive body and a plurality of carbon nanotubes being separate to each other, each of the carbon nanotubes being connected to at least one common terminal electrode with at least one of its ends, wherein in an open state of the switch each of the carbon nanotubes substantially projects along a surface of the conductive body and keeps up a gap to said surface, and wherein in a closed state of the switch at least one carbon nanotube is bend in a direction of the surface to close an electrical contact between said terminal electrode and the conductive body. The size of the gap between the respective carbon nanotube and the surface is different for each one of the plurality of carbon nanotubes.
US08320166B2
A magnetic random access memory (MRAM) includes a memory cell having a first transistor and a first magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ) layer, and a reference cell operable as a basis when reading data stored in the memory cell, the reference cell including second and third MTJ layers arranged in parallel to each other, and a second transistor connected in series to each of the second and third MTJ layers, the second transistor having a driving capability corresponding to twice a driving capability of the first transistor of the memory cell.
US08320165B1
An integrated circuit containing an SRAM array having a strap row. The strap row has a substrate contact structure that includes a substrate contact plug and a tap layer.
US08320163B2
An integrated circuit structure includes a first static random access memory (SRAM) cell including a first read-port and a first write-port; and a second SRAM cell including a second read-port and a second write-port. The first SRAM cell and the second SRAM cell are in a same row and arranged along a row direction. A first word-line is coupled to the first SRAM cell. A second word-line is coupled to the second SRAM cell. A read bit-line is coupled to the first SRAM cell and the second SRAM cell, wherein the read bit-line extends in a column direction perpendicular to the row direction. A write bit-line is coupled to the first SRAM cell and the second SRAM cell.
US08320156B2
A semiconductor memory device includes a plurality of first wirings; a plurality of second wirings; a plurality of memory cells positioned at respective intersections of the first wirings and the second wirings, each of the memory cells having a variable resistance element and a selective element connected to the variable resistance element in series; a first selection portion selecting the first wiring; a second selection portion selecting the second wiring; and a power source portion applying predetermined selected-wiring-voltages to a selected first wiring being selected by the first selection portion and a selected second wiring being selected by the second selection portion, respectively, and applying predetermined unselected-wiring-voltages to unselected first wirings other than the selected first wiring and unselected second wirings other than the selected second wiring, respectively. A resistance element having a predetermined resistance value is provided between the power source portion and the unselected first and second wirings.
US08320155B2
A memory device including memory cells each have two transistors and one storage element connected in series in this order between a corresponding one of bit lines and a constant voltage. The two transistors respectively have gate electrodes respectively connected to a corresponding one of first word lines and a corresponding one of second word lines. A memory array includes mats each having the memory cells disposed at all intersections between the bit lines and the first word lines, sense amplifiers each input with a corresponding pair of the bit lines in the same mat as a bit line pair, and first and second word drivers adapted to activate the first and second word lines, respectively.
US08320151B2
Examples described include memory units coupled to a controller using a daisy chain wiring configuration. A filter located between a first memory unit and the controller attenuates a particular frequency, which may improve ringback in a signal received at the memory units. In some examples, a quarter-wavelength stub is used to implement the filter. In some examples, signal components at 800 MHz may be attenuated by a stub, which may improve ringback.
US08320149B2
The present invention discloses a multi-chip module with master-slave analog signal transmission function. The multi-chip module comprises: a master chip having a first setting input pin for receiving an analog setting signal to generate an analog setting in the master chip, and the master chip duplicating the analog setting to output a first analog output; and a first slave chip for receiving the first analog output from the master chip to generate an internal setting of the first slave chip.
US08320148B1
Methods and circuits for CAM cells using PMCs are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a BCAM cell can include: (i) a first PMC coupled to a first access transistor and a bit node, where the first access transistor is coupled to a true bit line; (ii) a second PMC cell coupled to a second access transistor and the bit node, where the second access transistor is coupled to a complement bit line, and the first and second access transistors are controllable by a word line; (iii) a program enable transistor coupled to the bit node, and configured to couple a program control voltage to the bit node when enabled; and (iv) a match indication transistor configured to discharge a match line in response to states of the true and complement bit lines relative to the bit node.
US08320147B2
A portable device for generating two electrical phases from a single electrical phase. The portable device includes a watertight housing having a toroidal transformer therein. A terminal block is mounted within the housing and is electrically connected to the toroidal transformer. The portable device is sized to fit on the rear floor of a vehicle and an appropriate weight to be carried by a single person.
US08320143B2
A current-triggered synchro-rectifier comprising an electronic switch configured to be in its ON setting when the current flowing through its cathode exceeds a predetermined threshold. The electronic switch may include a half-wave rectifier wired to the source terminal and the drain terminal of a MOSFET device, and a current monitor configured to monitor the drain-current flowing through the drain terminal. The current monitor sends a gate signal to the gate terminal such that the MOSFET is switched to its ON state when the drain-current exceeds a first threshold current and the MOSFET is switched to its OFF state when the drain-current falls below a second threshold current. Usefully, the synchro-rectifier may be incorporated into a full-wave rectifier.
US08320132B2
A computer motherboard includes a display controller, a digital visual interface integrated (DVI-I) connector, and a switching unit. The switching unit includes four first terminals, two second terminals, and a control terminal. Two of the first terminals are respectively connected to clock and data pins of a first display data channel (DDC) of the display controller, the other two first terminals are respectively connected to clock and data pins of a second DDC of the display controller, and the second terminals are respectively connected to DDC clock and DDC data pins of the DVI-I connector. The control terminal is connected to a hot plug detect pin of the DVI-I connector to detect a voltage and correspondingly control the second terminals to be respectively connected to the two first terminals connected to the clock and data pins of the first DDC or the second DDC.
US08320130B2
An exemplary heat dissipation device includes a base plate, a bracket engaged with the base plate, and a heat radiator mounted on the base plate and the bracket. The bracket includes two parallel arms. The bracket defines an opening between the arms. Each of the arms extends downwardly two clasps. Each clasp of each arm comprises a blocking part and a connecting part connecting the blocking part. The base plate is received into the opening of the bracket and sandwiched and secured by the blocking parts of the clasps and the arms of the bracket.
US08320126B2
A kit for providing front-access cable terminations for rear-access shelf unit mounted in a rack system may comprise a terminal block panel, a terminal block, a set of extension cables, a rear panel, and a baffle. The terminal block panel may be configured to mount to the shelf unit. The terminal block may be mounted to the terminal block panel to provide front-access terminations for the shelf unit. The set of extension cables may provide electrical connection between the terminal block and one or more terminals disposed on a back plane associated with the shelf unit. The rear panel may be configured to attach to the shelf unit and to cover the set of extension cables. The baffle may be configured for installation in the rack system above the shelf unit and removable for access to the front-access terminations. The baffle may be configured to direct air flow rising from the rear-access equipment to the rear of the rack.
US08320125B1
A datacenter cooling apparatus includes a portable housing having lifting and transporting structures for moving the apparatus, opposed sides in the housing, at least one of the opposed sides defining one or more air passage openings arranged to capture warmed air from rack-mounted electronics, opposed ends in the housing, at least one of the opposed ends defining one or more air passage openings positioned to allow lateral passage of captured air into and out of the housing, and one or more cooling coils associated with the housing to receive and cool the captured warm air, and provide the cooled air for circulation into a datacenter workspace.
US08320119B2
For improving a cooling efficiency of a display panel in a flat-type image display, various substrates and an image display element are disposed within a thin-sized housing thereof, including: a display panel; a chassis supporting the display panel from a rear surface side thereof; a front surface-side cover on a front side of the display panel; a rear surface-side cover on a rear side of the display panel; an image display element connected to the display panel; a display driver substrate connected to the display panel, and on a surface thereof opposite to the chassis are provided circuit parts; a power source substrate, supplying driving power to the display driver substrate and the image display element, and on a surface thereof opposite to the chassis are provided circuit parts thereof; and a first insulator board opposite to the display driver substrates and the power source substrate of the chassis.
US08320113B2
An exemplary foldable device includes a main body, a cover coupling a display unit, and a hinge mechanism rotatably connecting the cover to the main body. The main body includes a first connecting rod defining a first connecting hole and a second connecting rod defining a second connecting hole. The hinge mechanism includes two support plates, a rotary member, and a rotary shaft. The two support plates are fixed to the first connecting rod. The rotary member is rotatably positioned between the two support plates and defines a through hole. The rotary shaft includes a first end that extends through the through hole of the rotary member and can be fitted into the first connecting hole or the second connecting hole, and an opposite second end fixed to the cover. Thus the cover can be rotated about the first connecting rod or the second connecting rod.
US08320110B2
A notebook computer storage and charging cart includes a cart having mobile racks arranged in stacks for carrying notebook computers, a power system having electrical power connectors connectable to an external power source and battery charges connected to the electrical power connectors and controllable by a power management device to charge the notebook computers subject to a predetermined charging time, and a network unit having a network connection apparatus installed in the cart and first and second network lines respectively connected between first and second ports network connection apparatus and the notebook computers for the transmission of network signals for real-time online data update and download.
US08320108B2
A power supply includes a direct current (DC) voltage converter, a display, a voltage output interface, and a main controller. The DC voltage converter is connected to a voltage terminal of a peripheral interface. The display displays an input interface to allow a voltage value to be inputted therein. The main controller includes a voltage obtaining module and a control module. The voltage obtaining module is used to obtain the inputted voltage value, and output the inputted voltage value. The control module is used to output a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to the DC voltage converter according to a proportion relationship between the inputted voltage value and the value of a predetermined voltage value. The DC voltage converter is used to convert the first voltage into a second voltage according to the PWM signal, and outputs the second voltage through the voltage output interface.
US08320104B2
A first anode foil is opposed to a first portion of a cathode foil and is arranged on one side of the cathode foil, and a second anode foil is opposed to a second portion of the cathode foil and is arranged on the other side. A first separator paper sheet is arranged between the first portion of the cathode foil and the first anode foil. A second separator paper sheet is arranged on the other side with respect to the cathode foil, and is opposed to the first portion of the cathode foil. A third separator paper sheet is arranged between the second portion of the cathode foil and the second anode foil. A fourth separator paper sheet is arranged on the one side with respect to the cathode foil, and is opposed to the second portion of the cathode foil.
US08320100B2
A varactor element, includes: a dielectric layer; a pair of signal electrodes, each disposed on one face of the dielectric layer and facing each other; and a pair of control electrodes, each disposed on another face of the dielectric layer and facing each other parallel to a direction intersecting a direction of the pair of signal electrodes facing each other.
US08320099B2
The present invention includes methods and apparatus for repairing an electrical connection between bipolar electrodes contained within an electrostatic chuck and a conductive mask disposed atop the electrostatic chuck, known as a balancing circuit. Embodiments of the invention are particularly useful after removal of an electrostatic chuck for refurbishment.
US08320095B2
The transformer module of the invention includes an isolation transformer having a primary winding with a first tap and a secondary winding with a second tap. A protection circuit is electrically connected to the first tap and the second tap. The protection circuit includes at least one protective element.
US08320094B2
A surge protection module comprises a base, a plurality of first pins extending from the base to connect electrically to an upstream circuit, a plurality of second pins extending from the base to connect electrically to a downstream circuit, a fuse device acting between each first pin and a respective one of the second pins, at least one analog arrestor upstream of the fuse devices that is electrically connected across the first pins and in electrical connection to a ground terminal extending from the base, and a low capacitance solid state arrestor arrangement electrically connected to each second pin downstream of the fuse devices and to the ground terminal.
US08320087B2
The present invention discloses a switching regulator control circuit which distinguishes the output short-circuit condition, which imposes immediate danger, from other mild over current conditions. The switching regulator control circuit includes: an over current judgment circuit comparing a current sense signal with a current limit to generate an over current indication signal; a time comparison circuit comparing the over current indication signal with a clock signal to generate an output short-circuit indication signal; and a timer receiving the over current indication signal and the output short-circuit indication signal, wherein when the output short-circuit indication signal does not indicate output short-circuit, the timer counts a first time period, and when the output short-circuit indication signal indicates output short-circuit, the timer counts a second time period shorter than the first time period, for better safety protection.
US08320086B1
Described herein is a disk drive having a crash stop assembly that includes a crash stop section with an outer wall extending along a first axial length of the crash stop assembly and a retaining section extending from the crash stop portion. The retaining section includes a helical portion that is elastically compressible along a second axial length, different from the first axial length, of the crash stop assembly when a base and top cover of the disk drive are coupled together.
US08320079B2
It is made possible to reduce the write magnetic field generated from the main magnetic pole toward the spin torque oscillator, so as to reduce the variation in the oscillation characteristics of the spin torque oscillator, and reduce the current required for oscillation. The magnetic head assembly includes: a recording magnetic pole; a spin torque oscillator that has first and second magnetic layers, and an intermediate layer interposed between the first and second magnetic layers, the spin torque oscillator generating a high-frequency magnetic field by applying a current between the first and second magnetic layers; and a third magnetic layer that is placed adjacent to at least part of a side face of the second magnetic layer.
US08320078B1
A perpendicular magnetic recording write head has an improved antiparallel-coupled laminated main pole (MP) with a tapered trailing edge. The laminated MP has three ferromagnetic layers and two non-magnetic antiparallel-coupling (APC) layers. A first ferromagnetic layer (FM1) has a thickness T1 and a planar end face at the air-bearing surface (ABS). A second ferromagnetic layer (FM2) has a total thickness T2 and includes a first portion with a thickness T4 that has an end face coplanar with the end face of FM1 and a second portion with a tapered end face. A first APC layer separates FM1 and FM2. A third ferromagnetic layer (FM3) has a thickness T3 and a tapered end face that is coplanar with the tapered end face of FM2. A second APC layer separates FM2 and FM3. The net flux is minimized at both the ABS and at MP cross-sections recessed from the ABS.
US08320076B1
A method and system provide a magnetic transducer that includes an underlayer. The method and system include providing a recessed region in the underlayer. The recessed region includes a front having an angle from horizontal. The angle is greater than zero and less than ninety degrees. The method and system further includes providing an assist pole layer in the recessed region and providing a main pole layer. A portion of the main pole layer resides on the assist pole layer. A main pole is defined from the assist pole layer and the main pole layer.
US08320065B2
An lens driving device is disclosed. The lens driving device includes a base, a lens holder mounted on the base, a movable cover opposite to the a lens holder, a elastic supporting portion received into the lens holder and engaged with the movable cover, a coil and a permanent magnet respectively attached on the lens holder. The permanent magnet interacts with the coil for generating a magnetic force for driving the lens holder to move toward the base along a central axis of the lens holder. The elastic supporting portion defines an elastic force which is more than a weight of the movable cover but not more than the resultant of the weight of the movable cover and the magnetic force. While assembled, the lens driving device further defines a movable distance between an upper surface of the supporting elements and a first surface of the movable cover.
US08320057B2
A lens unit includes a first lens having positive power, an aperture stop, a meniscal second lens having negative power, a meniscal third lens having positive power, and a fourth lens including an object side surface and an image side surface, each being aspherical and including at least one inflection point. The image side surface is concave at an image side. The first lens, the aperture stop, the second lens, the third lens, and the fourth lens are arranged in order from an object side toward the image side. The first lens includes an image side surface that is convex at the image side. The second lens includes an object side surface that is convex at the object side.
US08320044B2
Disclosed is an optical element for use in an optical apparatus having a light source which emits a light flux with a wavelength λ (350 nm≦λ≦450 nm), the optical element containing: a molded portion formed by molding a resin; and one or a plurality of anti-reflection layers formed on the molded portion, wherein at least one of the anti-reflection layers is made of SixOy; and an elemental ratio r (r=y/x) designating an ratio of O to Si in the molecule of SixOy satisfies a requirement represented by Formula (1): 1.40≦r≦1.80.
US08320042B2
A polarizing film includes a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) type resin having a dichroic material impregnated therein. The polarizing film is formed by stretching the PVA type resin, such that the thickness of the polarizing film is decreased to 10 μm or less, and. The polarizing film has optical properties which satisfy conditions represented by formulae: P>−(100.929T-42.4−1)×100 (where T<42.3); and P≧99.9 (where T≧42.3) where T represents a single layer transmittance and P a polarization rate. The polarizing film can be made by providing a laminate comprising a PVA type resin layer formed on a non-crystallizable ester type thermoplastic resin substrate.
US08320041B2
A three-dimensional image display device is provided with a display panel. The display panel is provided with a plurality of pixels for the right eyes and pixels for the left eye, and light emitted from the pixels for the right eye is made incident to the right eye of a viewer and light emitted from the pixels for the left eye is made incident to the left eye. When the normal distance between the display panel and the viewer is set to a maximum observation distance, D (mm), then definition X (dpi) of at least one of a vertical direction and a horizontal direction on a display plane of the display panel is set as in the following expression. X ≥ 25.4 D × tan ( 1 ′ )
US08320039B2
An optical amplifier comprises at least two gain regions, an intermediate region situated between the gain regions, and a transition region situated between the intermediate region and each gain region. The aforesaid regions have claddings that collectively form a path for pump radiation propagating from at least one of the gain regions to the other gain region, and cores that collectively form a path for signal radiation propagating from at least one of the gain regions to the other gain region. The cores in the gain regions support multiple propagating optical modes, including at least one signal mode and at least one non-signal mode. The intermediate region, however, supports fewer propagating core modes than are supported by the gain regions. The transition regions are conformed such that when radiation in propagating non-signal core modes passes from the gain regions into the intermediate region, it is at least partly coupled into cladding modes of the intermediate region.
US08320019B2
There are cases in which an effective search index cannot be provided to an image data only by extracting character codes from a character object in PDL data. An image processing apparatus of the present invention obtains image data by rendering PDL data, and extracts a character object from the image data. The image processing apparatus performs character recognition processing on the extracted character object to obtain character code information, and provides metadata including the character code information to the image data.
US08320017B2
A first color patch printed on a first printing material and a second color patch printed on a second printing material, which match each other in appearance in a desired environment, are acquired. The calorimetric values of a color patch to be measured which is printed on the first printing material are corrected using the calorimetric values of the first and second color patches and a spectrophotometric calorimeter for obtaining calorimetric values in a desired environment, thereby generating effective calorimetric values.
US08320015B2
According to an image forming apparatus of the present invention, when a user with the intention of having a processing completed in a short time inputs execution of an image forming job involving the intention, this operation information is acquired by an operation information acquisition section. In response to that, an invalidation determining section determines to invalidate processing for maintenance, based on the operation information. Responding to that, an invalidation control section invalidates the processing for maintenance on image forming during execution of the image forming job regardless of predetermined rules. By this means, the processing for maintenance on image forming cannot be executed during the image forming job in the case of a user with the intention of having a processing completed in a short time.
US08320012B2
An apparatus associated with a printing device having a plurality of print engines comprising a first print engine and at least one second print engine is provided. The apparatus comprises a pixel clock generating module which generates a reference signal operating at a single video frequency derived from a first clock and the at least one first print engine. The apparatus further comprises a color data modification module which modifies the color data for the at least one second print engine based on an accumulated phase error for at least one second print engine, wherein the accumulated error is calculated based on calibration information for the at least one second print engine relative to the at least one first print engine.
US08320007B2
An image scanner device connected to a general information processing apparatus can be used on a network at a low cost, and further, the firmware of hardware for this purpose can be a maintenance-free firmware, thus user's convenience can be improved. A scanner/network connection apparatus 100 to connect a scanner 200 to a network 300 has an LCD server to drive a LCD as a display unit, a touch panel task to transmit a touch position on a touch panel, and a SCSI server to connect the scanner 200 to the network. A PC 500 to control the scanner has a virtual LCD driver, a virtual touch panel driver, and a virtual SCSI driver, operating to provide an environment as if the LCD, the touch panel and the image scanner of the scanner/network connection apparatus 100 are connected to the PC 500. The virtual LCD driver draws a screen image as a user interface for various operations, and the result of drawing is displayed on the LCD of the scanner/network connection apparatus 100. Thus an interactive operation environment can be provided to the user.
US08320002B2
This invention provides a flexible method capable of appropriately determining whether 2-path printing can proceed especially to second-path processing, in order to apply a conventional upper limit management mechanism to a 2-path printing system. According to this invention, when executing 2-path printing, the printing system performs upper limit management based on the sheet count of use for a user. When executing second-path print processing, even if the count of sheets used by the user in first-path print processing has reached an upper limit value, print processing is permitted in second-path print processing.
US08320000B2
An image forming system includes an image transmitting apparatus which transmits generated image data to a designated transmission destination, and an image receiving apparatus which executes processing for the received image data. The image transmitting apparatus includes a designation unit which accepts designation of an image receiving apparatus serving as a transmission destination, and designation of a transmission mode which specifies the contents of processing in the image receiving apparatus, an acquisition unit which acquires transmission destination information representing the operating state of the image receiving apparatus by communication with the image receiving apparatus, a generation unit which generates image data to be processed in the image receiving apparatus on the basis of the designated transmission mode and acquired transmission destination information, and a transmitting unit which transmits the transmission mode and image data to the image receiving apparatus.
US08319991B2
An information processing apparatus is configured to communicate image data with an external apparatus connected to the information processing apparatus via a network. The information processing apparatus includes a memory unit configured to store first image data, a receiving unit configured to establish a communication session with the external apparatus in response to a request from the external apparatus and receive second image data from the external apparatus, a determination unit configured to determine whether to transmit the first image data to the external apparatus, and a transmission unit configured to transmit the first image data to the external apparatus using the established communication session based on the result of the determination made by the determination unit.
US08319968B2
A method of determining a position of a substrate relative to an imprint template is described, wherein the imprint template has at least three gratings and the substrate has at least three gratings positioned such that each imprint template grating forms a composite grating with an associated substrate grating, the at least three imprint template gratings and associated substrate gratings having offsets relative to one another. The method includes detecting an intensity of radiation which is reflected by the three composite gratings, and using the detected intensities to determine displacement of the substrate or imprint template from a position.
US08319967B2
The invention relates to a marker structure for optical alignment of a substrate and provided thereon. The marker structure has a first reflecting surface at a first level and a second reflecting surface at a second level. A separation between the first level and the second level determines a phase depth condition. The marker structure further has an additional structure. The additional structure is arranged to modify the separation during manufacture of the marker structure. The invention further relates to a method of forming such a marker structure.
US08319964B2
A method and apparatus for analyzing a target material is provided. A first laser beam pulse can be incident on a target material to create an ablation event so as to produce an ablation plume of target material. Such ablation events can include plasma ablation, sub-plasma ablation, and thermal desorption. At least a portion of the ablation plume of target material can then be transported a sufficient distance away from the ablation event that a second laser beam pulse can interact with the at least a portion of the ablation plume of target material to create an analytical plasma such that the analytical plasma is uncoupled from the ablation event. The creation of the analytical plasma results in one or more elements of the at least a portion of the ablation plume of target material undergoing atomic emission, which can be collected and analyzed.
US08319958B2
The present invention provides a photosensor that uses a phase modulation technique for optical detection and conducts a highly accurate measurement. The photosensor uses a phase change difference of light propagated through a polarization preserving fiber with respect to tensile stress and employs proper polarization preserving fibers for a phase modulator 10, light-transmitting polarization preserving fiber 23, and coil-shaped polarization preserving fiber 30, to achieve a highly accurate measurement.
US08319953B2
The present disclosure provides systems and methods for detecting the presence of blood. Specific applications may include hunting, during which it may be necessary to track a wounded, bleeding animal. According to one embodiment, a device transmits light at one or more wavelengths to irradiate a region potentially containing blood. Hemoglobin in the blood absorbs or reflects more of the transmitted light than other matter in the region. A detector detects the light reflected from the region and determines if blood is present in the region using spectral analysis.
US08319947B2
An operating valve of the present invention is a differential pressure operating valve 100 for performing a vacuum suction of a substrate, the operating valve comprises a body 4 having an opening which is provided at an exhaust side for exhausting an air from an inside to an outside and is opposed to a suction side for sucking the air from the outside to the inside, a valve 8, and a spring 9 whose one end is connected with one of the suction side and the exhaust side of the body 4 and the other end is connected with the valve 8. The spring 9 is configured to stretch or compress in accordance with a differential pressure between the suction side and the exhaust side, and the valve 8 is provided with at least one hole.
US08319946B2
The present invention relates to a transfer device that can feed a work in a stable condition without applying it any excess loads. The transfer device for feeding a tape-shaped work to a process stage standing in an upright position, which is placed on one side of the process stage and which includes a supply reel, a take-up reel and a work feeding mechanism. Specifically, the supply reel, around which the work and a protective sheet are wound, is adapted to feed the work and the protective sheet therefrom. The take-up reel is adapted to wind the work and the protective sheet that have been fed from the supply reel, and it is located below the supply reel. The work feeding mechanism is adapted to forward the work from the supply reel to the take-up reel through the process stage.
US08319942B2
The present invention provides an apparatus including a calculating unit which calculates a first time serving as a time required to drive a stage in a non-scanning direction perpendicular to a scanning direction, and a second time serving as a time required to drive the stage in the scanning direction, both of which range from when exposure of one of the plurality of shot regions ends until exposure of the next shot region starts, and an adjusting unit which adjusts, when the first time is longer than the second time, one of a time for which an acceleration of the stage nonlinearly changes in the process of reversing the scanning direction, and a settling time taken for the stage to settle from when acceleration of the stage ends until exposure starts, so that the second time becomes longer than the first time in driving the stage in the scanning direction.
US08319939B2
In immersion lithography after exposure of a substrate is complete, a detector is used to detect any residual liquid remaining on the substrate and/or substrate table.
US08319930B2
A liquid-crystal display apparatus includes: display pixels each located at an intersection of a scan line and a data line and each provided with a display-pixel switching device, a display pixel electrode, and a liquid-crystal layer; vision-angle control pixels each located at an intersection of the scan line and a vision-angle control line and each provided with a vision-angle control pixel switching device, a vision-angle control pixel electrode, and a transmittance exhibited for a vision angle to serve as a transmittance with a characteristic different from that of the transmittance of the display pixel or a reflectance exhibited for a vision angle to serve as a reflectance with a characteristic different from that of the reflectance of the display pixel; a scan-line driving circuit; and a vision-angle control circuit.
US08319922B2
In a transflective liquid crystal display device, a liquid crystal layer has horizontal alignment, and a polarizing plate having a transmission axis parallel with or orthogonal to an alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer is provided on a side opposite to the liquid crystal layer of an element substrate, and a polarizing plate having a transmission axis orthogonal to that of the polarizing plate is provided on a side opposite to the liquid crystal layer of a counter substrate. A resin layer having a first resin layer and a second resin layer being λ/2 retardation films is provided on the liquid crystal layer side of the counter substrate, and a slow axis of the first resin layer is disposed so as to be parallel with or orthogonal to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate, and a slow axis of the second resin layer crosses the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer. A step portion is provided between the element substrate and the resin layer, and an end of the step is formed into a slope portion having a continuously changing thickness, and the slope portion is disposed in a transmissive display region.
US08319917B1
A color filter composition is provided. The color filter composition according to an exemplary embodiment includes a colorant A including a pigment or a dye, a binder resin B, an initiator C, and an assistance colorant D, wherein the initiator absorbs light of an ultraviolet wavelength, and the assistance colorant has a transmittance of more than 60% between about wavelengths 300 nm to 400 nm.
US08319912B2
A display apparatus includes a plurality of first brackets adhered to the rear panel. A first bracket has a recess on a first surface where an adhesive is applied, and a first protrusion extending from a second surface and a second protrusion extending from the first protrusion. A connection bracket has a side wall and a plurality of first tab portions. The tab portion is provided into an opening of the first protrusion. A second bracket is provided adjacent to the plurality of the first brackets and attached to the connection bracket. A frame is mounted to the at least one second bracket. A light source is provided between the frame and the second bracket.
US08319904B2
A liquid crystal display device and its fabricating method are discussed. According to an embodiment, the liquid crystal display at least one signal line disposed in a display area and extending to a non-display area located outside the display area, a common line crossing the signal line in the non-display area, at least one static electricity preventing element connected between the common line and the signal line in the non-display area, and at least one static electricity preventing auxiliary electrode projected towards the signal line from the static electricity preventing element in the non-display area.
US08319897B2
A noise reduction method for reducing noise in an input video signal to output an output video signal includes the steps of generating a motion-compensated reference video signal from the output video signal; delaying the output video signal to generate a non-motion-compensated reference video signal; mixing the motion-compensated reference video signal with the non-motion-compensated reference video signal to generate a reference video signal; subtracting the generated reference video signal from the input video signal to generate a differential signal; compensating the differential signal to generate a noise reduction signal; and subtracting the noise reduction signal from the input video signal.
US08319896B2
The control unit provided in the image processing apparatus determines, based on the measurement result obtained by the time measurement unit, whether or not a change timing of external light detected and determined by the external light detection unit and the external light change determination unit is before a predetermined time has elapsed since the input switching detection unit detected the switching process. When the change timing of external light is before a predetermined time threshold value Th1 has elapsed as a result of the determination, the control unit provides instructions to the image processing unit about executing image quality adjustment processing while increasing the adjustment amount per unit time.
US08319891B2
A video display device is provided with a video conversion circuit for extending an inputted video signal in horizontal and/or vertical directions, and a display unit including a display screen whose aspect ratio is longer in the horizontal direction than 16:9 and adapted to display the video extended by the video conversion circuit. The video conversion circuit includes a mode for extending the inputted video at a scaling factor of A, which is equal to or larger than 1, in the horizontal direction and at a scaling factor of B, which is equal to or larger than 1, in the vertical direction, so that videos effectively utilizing the aspect ratio of the video display device can be displayed while reducing incongruous feeling caused by the extension in the horizontal direction. Thus, an increase in the number of screen modes can be minimized, and modes capable of giving a remarkable sense of presence and modes capable of displaying right circles can be provided in the video display device with an aspect ratio of, e.g. 10:3.
US08319890B2
Arrangement for generating a pull-down switch-off signal The invention relates to an arrangement (1) for generating a pulldown switch-off signal for a video compression encoder, which signal is determined by the arrangement (1) in dependence on a converted signal which is produced from an NTSC signal by means of an inverse 3:2 pull down conversion, wherein the circuit arrangement includes a M(ean) A(bsolute) D(istortion) (MAD) detector (2) and a circuit (3) for determining Hadamard coefficients, wherein the MAD detector (2) produces a MAD signal which indicates for each block of predefined size the difference between the picture contents of two consecutive frames, wherein the circuit (3) for determining the Hadamard coefficients delivers two coefficients in blocks per frame, from which coefficients a first coefficient indicates the sum of the differences of the pixels of adjacent scanning lines i and i+1 and a second coefficient indicates the sum of the differences of the pixels of scanning lines i and i+2, and wherein the pull-down switch-off signal is generated in dependence on the summed values of the MAD signal for all blocks of a frame and in dependence on the two Hadamard coefficients summed for all the blocks of a frame.
US08319875B2
An imaging device outputs brightness information according to an amount of incident light and includes: an imaging unit that includes a plurality of unit cells arranged one dimensionally or two-dimensionally, each unit cell including a photoelectric conversion part that generates a first output voltage in a reset state and a second output voltage according to an amount of incident light, and each unit cell generating a reset voltage that corresponds to the first output voltage and a read voltage that corresponds to the second output voltage; and an output unit operable to output, in relation to each unit cell, brightness information indicating a difference between the reset voltage and the read voltage when normal light is incident to the imaging device and the read voltage is in a predetermined range, and brightness information indicating high brightness when strong light is incident to the imaging device and the read voltage is not in the predetermined range.
US08319871B2
Provided is a light-receiving chip whose transparent protection plate has an area equal to or smaller than an area of the light-receiving chip, and which does not require a base portion for mounting. Provision of the light-receiving chip contributes to reduction in size and weight of cameras. In addition, provision of a solid-state imaging apparatus having excellent productivity contributes to reduction in price of cameras. A solid-state imaging apparatus (10) having: a solid-state imaging device (11) (a light-receiving chip) provided with a plurality of light-receiving cells arranged either one dimensionally or two dimensionally on one main surface of a base substrate; and a transparent protection plate (12) provided to cover a light-receiving area (18) (the plurality of light-receiving cells), where an area of the transparent protection plate is equal to or smaller than an area of the light-receiving chip, and a space (20) is formed between the light-receiving cells and the transparent protection plate.
US08319870B2
An imaging apparatus with improved convenience, which can perform various types of processing using an imaging device while performing phase difference detection, is provided.An imaging unit (1) includes an imaging device (10) for performing photoelectric conversion to convert light into an electrical signal, the imaging device (10) configured so that light passes through the imaging device (10), a phase difference detection unit (20) for receiving the light having passed through the imaging device (10) to perform phase difference detection, a focus lens group (72) for adjusting a focus position, and a body control section (5) for controlling the imaging device (10) and controlling driving of the focus lens group (72) at least based on a detection result of the phase difference detection unit. The body control section (5) performs a focus operation based on a detection result of the phase difference detection unit during exposure of the imaging device.
US08319868B2
A solid-state imaging apparatus, an imaging system and a driving method for the solid-state imaging apparatus that can reduce jaggy while increasing speed of operation for reading out signals are provided. The driving method includes a first step of storing one or more signals from the plurality of pixels in each of the plurality of first holding units; a second step of adding the signals from the plurality of pixels stored in the plurality of first holding units; and a third step of outputting the signal stored in the second holding unit, such that at least a part of a period of the first step is overlapped with a period of the third step.
US08319864B2
An imaging apparatus includes: an image sensor; a pixel output judging processor which judges if a pixel output reaches a saturation level or not; a pixel output compensation processor which performs a compensating operation to compensate a pixel output of a pixel of a specific color which reaches the saturation level; a bit compression convertor which performs a bit compression such that pixel output data, which is once converted from a first bit number to a second bit number, is converted again to the first bit number; a histogram producer which produces a brightness histogram of a photographic subject image; and a calculator which calculates a ratio of the number of pixels of a maximum brightness area to the number of entire pixels from the brightness histogram, wherein the bit compression convertor performs the bit compression based on a bit compression characteristic set on the basis of the ratio of the number of pixels of the maximum brightness area.
US08319863B2
The present invention is to provide a characteristic value generating circuit and an imaging device that can generate anticipated variation in the performance of an imaging device due to the individual difference and can easily evaluate the result of correction processing for the variation. A variation generating circuit 30 has a command receiver 31 that acquires characteristic value data S40, a characteristic value generator 33 that refers to the characteristic value data S40 and generates a characteristic value of a limit of correction possibility for input image data S20, and an adder 34 that adds a characteristic limit value S33 generated by the characteristic value generator 33 and the input image data S20.
US08319862B2
Methods and apparatus for effecting a non-uniformity correction of images of a scene obtained with an array of detector elements are disclosed. A first image of the scene having a first integration period is acquired using the array of detector elements. A second image of the scene having a different integration period is acquired, and a corrected image of the scene is generated by computing a difference of the images. In some embodiments, the first and second images are images of substantially identical scenes. According to some embodiments, the images are infrared images. Optionally, the corrected image is subjected to further correction using pixel dependent correction coefficients, such as gain coefficients. Exemplary image detection elements include but are not limited to InSb detector elements and ternary detector elements, such as InAlSb, MCT (Mercury Cadmium Telluride), and QWIP technology (Quantum Well Infrared Photodiodes). In some embodiments, the detector elements are cooled to a temperature substantially equal to an atmospheric boiling point of liquid nitrogen. Alternatively, the detector elements are cooled to a temperature below an atmospheric boiling point of liquid nitrogen, or any other operating temperature.
US08319857B2
A process for measuring skin color parameters from a digital photograph using novel color correction algorithms is described. The process includes measuring color values of a digital color photo, correcting the color deviation of each picture to that of a standard color, and converting the corrected RGB values and generating an output that is useful to L*a*b* values to describe changes in the color properties of the photographed skin.
US08319854B2
A method is provided for removing an illumination generated shadow in a captured image. An image is captured by an image capture device. Each pixel of the captured image is represented by a respective color value in a logarithmic graph. A non-linear illumination-invariant kernel is determined. An illumination direction for each respective color set is determined in the logarithmic graph that is orthogonal to the non-linear illumination-invariant kernel. A log-chromaticity value of each plotted pixel is projected on the non-linear illumination-invariant kernel. Edges are identified in the input image. Edges are identified in the illumination-invariant image domain. The identified edges are compared. A determination is made whether a shadow is present in response to an edge identified in the input image and an absence of a correlating edge in the illumination-invariant image domain. A shadow-reduced image is generated for scene analysis by a vehicle vision-based system.
US08319853B2
An image processing apparatus includes an extraction unit configured to extract a plurality of luminance low frequency components different in frequency band from a luminance component of image data, and a color adjustment unit configured to execute color adjustment of the image data using the image data or the luminance component of the image data and the plurality of luminance low frequency components, wherein, when an effect of color adjustment based on the luminance low frequency component having a relatively low frequency is larger than an effect of color adjustment based on the luminance low frequency component having a relatively high frequency among the plurality of luminance low frequency components, the color adjustment unit reduces the effect of color adjustment based on the luminance low frequency component having the relatively low frequency.
US08319844B2
A lens driving device having a simplified structure in which a holding member is moved relative to a stationary member with appropriate viscous damping is provided. The lens driving device includes the holding member configured to hold a compensation lens for image stabilization, the stationary member configured to support the holding member in a movable manner in a plane that is perpendicular to a light axis, a driving unit configured to change the position of the holding member relative to the stationary member, and a damping material disposed between the holding member and the stationary member. The damping material has a transition region in a frequency range between 0.3 Hz and 100 Hz.
US08319841B2
A video processing apparatus comprises a signal input unit which receives a video signal, a shift detection unit which detects a shift period in shooting and a maximum shift amount during the shift period from the video signal input from the signal input unit, an effective area detection unit which detects an object area common throughout the shift period as an effective area on the basis of the shift period and the maximum shift amount, a correction unit which corrects a shift during the shift period by reading out data from the effective area, and a resolution conversion unit which performs enlarge processing to convert a size of the effective area read out by the correction unit into an output image size.
US08319840B2
Provision is made for obtaining a high-quality image with noise, such as ringing, reduced.An image processing device includes an image correction means for applying image-shake correction processing to an input image; a correction-image characteristic detection means for detecting a characteristic of a correction image obtained through the image-shake correction processing; a first characteristic-determination means for outputting selection information, based on a characteristic-detected correction image obtained through detection of the characteristic of the correction image; and an image outputting means for outputting the input image or the correction image, based on the selection information. As a result, it is made possible to obtain a high-quality image with noise reduced.
US08319839B2
An optical image system includes an image pickup module, a swinging mechanism, a first swinging calibration element and a second swinging calibration element. When the optical image system is tilted because of handshaking, the image pickup module is swung by the swinging mechanism. At the same time, the first swinging calibration element and the second swinging calibration element detect whether the image pickup module is swung to an ideal position where the handshaking problem is eliminated.
US08319826B2
A three-dimensional image communication terminal can make communication in which there are a sense of being engaged on a place and a sense of reality by use of a three-dimensional image with naturalness and a high robust characteristic. A three-dimensional image communication terminal includes a three-dimensional image input section, a transmitting section that transmits an input image to a communication partner after image processing, a three-dimension image display section which monitor-displays a human image or an object image which was shot, and a telephone calling section which receives three-dimensional image information from a partner and communicates with the other end by voice. The three-dimensional image display section includes an integral photography type horizontal/vertical parallax display device. In the three-dimensional image input section, cameras 1, 2, 3, 4 are disposed in the vicinity of the three-dimensional image display section, in order to capture a telephone calling person or an object at an arbitrary position. The cameras can be configured so as to be detachable, and a human image or an object image, which was captured, is image-processed and becomes an image which can be viewed in three dimensions. Since a communication person can view an image in three dimensions, he can make natural communication.
US08319824B2
For continuous tracking without noticeable skips during physical changes in head position, the intensities of all subpixels of the matrix screen are reduced in order to form intensity focuses for subpixel groups behind barrier elements, which comprise a number n of subpixels, including a subpixel reserve, in the image lines. In the case of parallel alterations, these intensity focuses are then displaced by a constant absolute value continuously through directly adjacent subpixels and also through subpixel group boundaries with different stereo image views. Distance changes involve the intensity focuses being increasingly widened or compressed relative to the screen edges. The intensities of the individual subpixels can be altered by means of simple multiplication by standardized constant or variable intensity factors which can be ascertained as a function of motion.
US08319820B2
Systems, methods, and media for providing cascaded multi-point video conferencing units are provided. In some embodiments, systems for providing cascaded multi-point conference units are provided, the systems comprising: at least one encoder that encodes a video signal into representations using a scalable video protocol based on required configurations of parameters for a first multi-point conferencing unit (MCU) and a second MCU; and at least one interface that distributes a first one of the representations to the first MCU and a second one of the representations to the second MCU without distributing the first one of the representations to the second MCU.
US08319818B2
There is provided an information processing device including a recipient information recording portion that records recipient party information, an image recording portion that records images of the recipient party taken on the recipient party side during a call, an image extraction portion that extracts an image at a predetermined point in time from the images recorded in the image recording portion, and a registration portion that, after the call is ended, associates the image extracted by the image extraction portion with the recipient party information and registers the associated image in the recipient party information recording portion.
US08319816B1
Methods, systems and program products for efficient communication of data between conference servers
One embodiment of the invention is a videoconference system in which multiple users communicate video and audio data to one another over a data network. The example system comprises a first conference server linking a plurality of first users to one another to allow each of the first users to communicate at least one video data stream and at least one audio data stream to others of the first users whereby the first users are in real-time two way audio and video communication with one another. The example system further comprises a second conference server linking a plurality of second users to one another to allow each of the second users to communicate at least one video data stream and at least one audio data stream to others of the second users whereby the second users are in real-time two way audio and video communication with one another.
US08319814B2
In various embodiments, a Multipoint Control Unit (MCU) or another video conferencing device (e.g., an endpoint) may generate a video frame that includes video images of two or more video conferencing endpoints. The video frame may then be sent to another video conferencing device that may receive the video frame and separate the two or more video images into separate video images. In some embodiments, the video frame may be separated into its separate images using, for example, metadata sent along with the video frame. The metadata may include video image identifiers and location information (e.g., coordinates in the video frame) of the video images. In some embodiments, the separated video images may be provided to a compositor that may composite the separated video images, for example, into a new layout.
US08319807B2
Provided is an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using a novel array light source to replace the LED array light sources, which enables provision of a reduced image formation spot diameter on a photoreceptor as well as a reduced spot pitch. An electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to the present invention includes an electrophotographic image forming apparatus including a light source, and an electrophotographic photoreceptor to be exposed by the light source, the light source for exposing the electrophotographic photoreceptor including: a plurality of surface plasmon waveguides for forming a potential distribution on the electrophotographic photoreceptor using near-field light generated at tips thereof, the surface plasmon waveguides being arrayed: and an excitation mechanism for exciting a surface plasmon on each of the plurality of surface plasmon waveguides.
US08319801B2
Systems, methods and articles of manufacture are disclosed for magnifying content on a graphical display. A user may specify a selection area of the graphical display to be magnified. The user may also specify a display area of the graphical display within which to output a magnified copy of the selection area. Further, the user may anchor a selection area or a display area to an application window or to content in the application window. For instance, an anchored display area may move with an application window. The user may also specify a text size for the display area. The display area may magnify text from the selection area to the specified text size. A magnification area may also display metadata from an application window or from content in the application window. A composite view may combine multiple magnification areas.
US08319800B2
A system and method for maintaining certain content items at a fixed size and resolution and/or position relative to a device display are described herein. Fixed-scale content items are maintained at a given size, resolution, and/or, in some cases, position relative to a display regardless of changes in size and/or resolution of other displayed content.
US08319795B2
Methods to manipulate a screen space of a display device are disclosed. A plurality of application windows of a plurality of applications are displayed on a screen space. At least a first application and a second application are executing to display a plurality of windows. A user interface of system level applications may be displayed. A selection of a single application mode is received. In response to the receiving of the selection of the single application mode, all the windows are removed automatically from the screen space, except for a first application window. At least the first and second applications continue being executed. The user interface of the system level applications may continue to be displayed. Next, a request to display a second application window is received. The second application window is displayed while the first application window is removed from the screen space.
US08319784B2
Techniques and technologies are provided for binding resources to particular slots associated with shaders in a graphics pipeline. Resource dependencies between resources being utilized by respective shaders can be determined, and, based on these resource dependencies, common resource/slot associations can be computed. Respective common resource/slot associations identify a particular one of the resources to be associated with a particular one of the slots.
US08319776B2
A record carrier stores information readable by a processor, where the information includes main data and sub data. The sub data includes coded text lines having a plurality of character codes, where the coded text lines includes control codes for controlling the processor to display characters representing the coded text lines on a display unit configured to display at least one line of characters. The at least one line has a predetermined number character positions which is less than a number of characters in the coded text lines. A selected number of the character codes are displayable at the predetermined number of character positions of the at least one line.
US08319773B2
A system, and method for use thereof, for image manipulation. The system may generate an original image in a three dimensional coordinate system. A sensing system may sense a user interaction with the image. The sensed user interaction may be correlated with the three dimensional coordinate system. The correlated user interaction may be used to project an updated image, where the updated image may be a distorted version of the original image. The image distortion may be in the form of a twisting, bending, cutting, displacement, or squeezing. The system may be used for interconnecting or communicating between two or more components connected to an interconnection medium (e.g., a bus) within a single computer or digital data processing system.
US08319764B2
Electronic displays encounter visibility issues due to varying ambient light conditions. An ambient light sensor can be provided to sense ambient light and dynamically adjust display brightness to compensate for changes in ambient light. A wave guide for improving angular response in a light sensor is provided.
US08319762B2
A scanning image display apparatus (20) includes a light source (11) and a biaxial scanning mirror (12) two-dimensionally scans a scanning surface (23) with the laser beam. When seen from a side perpendicular to an incident plane (15) including a laser beam incident on the biaxial scanning mirror (12) and a laser beam scanned on the scanning surface (23) by the biaxial scanning mirror (12), with the biaxial scanning mirror (12) held at a rotation center position of the reflection surface, the light source (11) and the biaxial scanning mirror (12) are arranged to have a positional relationship where the laser beam is incident on the reflection surface obliquely at an initial angle of incidence α0 either clockwise or counterclockwise with respect to a first normal line of the reflection surface, and the biaxial scanning mirror (12) and the scanning surface (23) are arranged to have a positional relationship where the laser beam is incident on the scanning surface (23) obliquely at an initial angle of incidence β0 the other of clockwise or counterclockwise with respect to a second normal line of the scanning surface (23).
US08319756B2
Apparatus (50) for processing a differential input signal. The apparatus (50) comprises a minimum peak detector (51) with a differential input (28). The peak detector (51) provides a first voltage being proportional to an average voltage peak at the peak detector's differential input (28). A compressor (53) is provided for processing the first voltage in order to provide a second voltage. The compressor (53) is followed by a voltage controllable current source providing a trim current that is adjustable by the second voltage. A hysteresis equipped circuit (67.1) whose hysteresis characteristics are adjustable by the trim current is part of the apparatus (50).
US08319755B2
An exemplary stylus includes a housing, a stylus body, a latching element and an elastic element. The housing has a receptacle defined therethrough. The stylus body is rotatably assembled to the receptacle. The latching element is slidably accommodated in the receptacle, the latching element is configured for interacting with the stylus body so that the stylus body rotates relative to the housing about an axis and the latching element moves linearly along another axis. The elastic element is resisted between the housing and the latching element, the elastic element is used for accumulating an elastic force with rotation of the stylus body relative to the housing and the movement of the latching element.
US08319752B2
A touch pad (101) includes transducers (201-204) for receiving acoustic signals resulting from touch events, such as the continuous movement of a fingertip across the surface (105) of the touch pad. The acoustic signals are acquired at different transducer locations in the surface. Signals from different transducers are combined, preferably in antiphase, to improve signal characteristics. The transducer signals are supplied to a stereo analogue to digital converter (407). Phase differences (706) are obtained and compared (703) with phase difference profiles (607) of known location, in order to identify the location of the touch event. An index (606) is used to identify candidate locations to reduce the amount of processing. Interpolation (705) is used to locate the touch event between profile locations.
US08319748B2
A touch panel and an output method therefor are disclosed. The touch panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, spacers, and a controller set. The first substrate is flexible and has a first electrode layer. The second substrate has a second electrode layer facing the first electrode layer. The spacers are configured between the first and the second substrates. The controller set electrically connects to the first and the second electrode layers to provide a first operation mode and a second operation mode. The controller set can apply a uniform voltage drop electrical field on the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer, so that a resistive touch panel configuration is formed during the first operation mode. The controller set can also apply a uniform electrical field on the first electrode layer, so that a capacitive touch panel configuration is formed during the second operation mode.
US08319745B2
A method of estimating a position of nib of a pen relative to an optical sensor mounted on the pen. The method comprises the steps of: (a) placing the nib in contact with a coded surface; (b) capturing, using the sensor, at least two images of the coded surface at different rotations of the pen relative to the surface; (c) determining, from a perspective distortion of the coded surface in each image, an estimated rotation and viewing distance for each image; and (d) estimating, from the estimated rotations and viewing distances, the position of the nib relative to the optical sensor.
US08319735B2
A user interface for a computing device is provided. The user interface includes a plurality of display elements. A display element includes an active region, a graphical representation, and a textual description. The active region is sized for enabling human finger tip selection of the display element on a touch sensitive display screen. A display module receives coordinate information from the display screen and determines whether the coordinate information corresponds to the active region. When a user touches the active region, an instrument interface module sends a command to a diagnostic instrument. Further features, such as language localization of the textual description, are also provided.
US08319729B2
A display device capable of simplifying the structure and improving the reliability is disclosed. The display device includes an LCD module having a top case formed of metal, a glass substrate arranged on the LCD module, an infrared ray emitting module arranged to face three side surfaces of the LCD module and having a first magnet for first fixing to the top case, and a pair of infrared ray detection units arranged at corner ends of a side surface of the LCD module where the infrared ray emitting module is not arranged and having a second magnet for the first fixing to the top case.
US08319727B2
In an input device used in mobile apparatuses in which portability is considered important and in mobile apparatuses in which a display unit such as a display is considered important, even if an input unit of the apparatus is made small in size, the input device is configured so that an input can be carried out without requiring an operator for skill. The input device is provided with the input unit including a detecting unit that, when a part of a living body in contact with the input device is pushed, detects a force transmitted through the living body and outputs detection data, and an input information specifying module that, when receiving the detection data, refers to stored data at a database, specifies a position where the living body is pushed, and outputs data allotted to the position as input information of electronic data.
US08319724B2
A sub-pixel structure of color electrophoretic display includes a driving unit, a display unit and a transparent electrode, wherein the display unit is disposed on the driving unit and the transparent electrode is disposed on the display unit. The display unit includes a plurality of first charged particles and a plurality of second charged particles. A color of the first charged particles is different from a color of the second charged particles. Diameters of the first charged particles are greater than diameters of the second charged particles. The first charged particles and the second charged particles have the same electrical property. The sub-pixel structure of color electrophoretic display has high light utility efficiency.
US08319705B2
The plasma display device has a display panel having first and second display electrodes and address electrodes, an electrode drive circuit, and a drive control circuit for controlling the electrode drive circuit. The drive control circuit performs a reset drive control, address drive control and sustain drive control in each subfield. The drive control circuit performs an all cell reset drive control which resets all cells in a first subfield out of the plurality of subfields, and an ON cell reset drive control which resets ON cells in a second subfield. At a first temperature T1, an ultimate potential of an slope pulse of the first display electrode is controlled to be a first potential in the ON cell reset drive control, and at a second temperature T2>T1, the ultimate potential is controlled to be a second potential higher than the first potential.
US08319703B2
Rendering an image pixel in a composite display is disclosed. In some embodiments, an image pixel is mapped to a plurality of temporal pixels, and the image pixel is rendered in a composite display using at least a subset of the plurality of temporal pixels to which it is mapped, with the intensity of the image pixel spread across the subset of temporal pixels.
US08319699B2
A multi-channel display system comprises a plurality of display devices, each display device having a non-pixel addressable light output part, e.g. a backlight, and a pixel addressable light output part, e.g. an LCD panel, in an optical path. The non-pixel addressable light output part and the pixel addressable light output part are arranged to both have a temporal modulation, so that a perceivable optical output of the display device is a combination of the outputs of the temporal modulation of the pixel addressable light output part and the temporal modulation of the non pixel addressable light output part. At least two of the display devices are arranged for displaying adjacent image parts. The display system furthermore comprises a linking means for linking the driving of the non pixel addressable light output part of at least the two display devices being arranged for displaying adjacent image parts.
US08319697B2
A semi-permanent portable satellite antenna system having a portable mount for deploying a portable satellite antenna. The portable satellite antenna assembles for deployment using releasable connectors. The portable mount can be mounted to a post, a tripod, or a non-penetrating mount. The non-penetrating mount uses a pivoting pair of support wings that pivots upwardly for transportation and downwardly when deployed on a surface. When deployed, ballast is placed on the support wings to stabilize the semi-permanent portable satellite antenna system.
US08319695B2
An adjustable integrated circuit antenna structure includes an antenna, a ground plane, a plurality of transmission line circuit elements and a coupling circuit. The coupling circuit is operable to couple at least one of the plurality of transmission line circuit elements into a transmission line circuit based on a transmission line characteristic signal. The transmission line circuit has at least one of a bandwidth, an impedance, a quality factor, and a frequency band in accordance with the transmission line circuit characteristic signal.
US08319692B2
A cavity antenna for an electronic device such as a portable computer is provided. The antenna may be formed from a conductive cavity and an antenna probe that serves as an antenna feed. The conductive cavity may have the shape of a folded rectangular cavity. A dielectric support structure may be used in forming the antenna cavity. A fin may protrude from one end of the dielectric support structure. The antenna probe may be formed from conductive structures mounted on the fin. An inverted-F antenna configuration or other antenna configuration may be used in forming the antenna probe. The electronic device may have a housing with conductive walls. When the cavity antenna mounted within an electronic device, a planar rectangular end face of the fin may protrude through a thin rectangular opening in the conductive walls to allow the antenna to operate without being blocked by the housing.
US08319690B2
The present invention relates to a mobile terminal having an antenna pattern in a main body of the mobile terminal. The mobile terminal includes: a main body having a feed point; a first antenna disposed in the main body, and a second antenna; wherein the second antenna is connected to the first antenna when the first antenna is retracted into the main body. According to the present invention, a digital broadcast signal can be received efficiently without extending an antenna to the outside of a main body of a mobile terminal. Further, damage to an antenna and wear of an antenna connection part are decreased.
US08319689B2
Provided is a millimeter wave band patch antenna. The patch antenna includes a multi-layer substrate, at least one metal pattern layer, an antenna patch, a ground layer, and a plurality of vias. In the multi-layer substrate, a plurality of dielectric layers are stacked. The metal pattern layer is disposed between the dielectric layers except for a center region of the multi-layer substrate. The antenna patch is disposed on an upper surface of the multi-layer substrate in the center region. The ground layer is disposed on a lower surface of the multi-layer substrate opposing to the upper surface. The vias is disposed around the center region through the dielectric layers for electrically connecting the metal pattern layer to the ground layer. The center region, which is surrounded by the ground layer and the vias, functions as a resonator.
US08319688B2
The antenna apparatus may include a planar, electrically conductive, slot antenna element having a geometrically shaped opening therein defining an inner perimeter, and a pair of spaced apart signal feedpoints along the inner perimeter separated by a distance of one quarter of the inner perimeter to impart a traveling wave current distribution. The inner perimeter of the planar, electrically conductive, slot antenna element may be equal to about one operating wavelength thereof. The antenna apparatus may provide at least one of linear, circular, dual linear and dual circular polarizations, and it may provide an in situ or conformal antenna for vehicles or aircraft.
US08319683B2
Base data received at a rover receiver is extrapolated to a rover measurement time referenced to a clock in the rover receiver. The base data comprises a plurality of base parameters, such as pseudo-ranges and full phases, calculated at base epochs from data received from navigation satellites. Base data is decomposed into a computed component, a common component, and an information component. Only the information component is extrapolated, thereby increasing the extrapolation time interval (during which base data are missing) over which an acceptable accuracy in determination of rover coordinates may be provided. The extrapolated base data is calculated by adding the computed component updated to the rover measurement time, the information component extrapolated to the rover measurement time, and the common component. A second-order recursive digital filter is used to generate the extrapolation function.
US08319682B2
A method examining an object using millimeter-wave signals includes: (a) providing at least two millimeter-wave signal sources; (b) transmitting at least two millimeter-wave signals having at least two different frequencies from the signal sources illuminate the object; (c) in no particular order: (1) determining whether a return reflected signal is above a threshold level; [a] if yes, processing the return signal to identify object shape; [b] if not, processing another return signal; and (2) determining whether a return intermodulation product or harmonic signal is detected; [a] if yes, processing the return signal to identify object nature; [b] if not, processing another return signal; (d) determining whether checked all return signals; (1) if not, processing another return signal; (2) if yes, proceeding to step (e); (e) determining whether results are satisfactory; (1) if not, changing frequency of at least one of the wave signals; (2) if yes, terminating the method.
US08319674B2
A summing-tracking quantizer additively combines multiple feed-forward outputs of cascaded integrator stages of a sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter with a scaled sampled analog signal, and a delayed scaled analog input signal. The summing tracking quantizer compensates for loop delay within a sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter. A loop delay compensation digital-to-analog converter for a sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter is merged with the voltage reference generator within the summing-tracking quantizer. The summing tracking quantizer selects reference voltages from the voltage reference generator based on a previous digital output code. The summing-tracking quantizer has a matrix switch that receives the previous digital output code and selects the reference voltage for applying to comparators for determining a differential quantization code that is additively combined to the previous digital output code to determine the present digital output code.
US08319672B2
A decoding device is suitable for a context-based adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC) technique and allows a real-time decoding of high-definition video. The CABAC decoding device allows a simultaneous performing since determination according to multiple conditions is based on logic circuits when the device is formed in hardware. Additionally, when one macro block starts to be decoded, the device reads and stores information about neighboring macro blocks at a time from a memory. Therefore, the device does not need to access the memory at every operation and this improves the overall decoding speed.
US08319671B2
A keypad structure comprises a plurality of dome switches. Each of the plurality of dome switches provides a first tactile feedback to a user when pressed. At least one vibratory element is electrically connected to the dome switches to actuate when one of the plurality of dome switches is pressed. The at least one vibratory element provides a second tactile feedback to the user.
US08319669B2
A text entry device is provided. The device includes a concentric and at least four groupings of letters located around the concentric. The groupings may include at least three keys that are each located at a different radial distance from the concentric. The first grouping may include the letters A, B, C and D; the second grouping may include the letters E, F, G and H; the third grouping may include the letters I, J, K and L; and the fourth grouping may include the letters O, M, N and P.
US08319661B2
An information distribution system includes a roadside apparatus which transmits an utterance type provided information containing audio instruction information based on a traveling direction to be provided by the utterance type provided information. When an vehicle-mounted device receives an utterance type provided information via a communication unit from the roadside apparatus, the vehicle-mounted device outputs different utterance type provided information by an audio in accordance with the audio instruction in-formation contained in the received utterance type provided information, so that a vehicle driver can judge whether the information provided from the roadside apparatus is significant information.
US08319656B2
A method, system, and apparatus of downhole time interlaced communications are provided. The method includes setting command intervals for first and second communications systems associated with downhole tools. Each command interval is a delay value between consecutive commands greater than an actual command duration to define periods of communications inactivity. The command interval of the second communications system is slightly greater than that of the first to overcome any drift. The method includes detecting communications interference between the systems and applying temporarily a positive command interval shift to the first communications system and a negative command interval shift to the second communications system so that a duration of a resynchronization is minimized. An apparatus for downhole time interlaced communications includes a configurable communications interface card to communicate with surface equipment, having a command interval register and a command interval shift register that is applied temporarily when communications interference is detected.
US08319654B2
An apparatus is provided, which includes an electrolysis cell, a liquid flow path that passes through the electrolysis cell, and an indicator light. The indicator light is illuminated as a function of an operating characteristic of the electrolysis cell and luminous flux radiated from the light illuminates liquid along at least a portion of the flow path.
US08319648B2
In an example, physiologic information about a patient can be obtained and mapped to a first set of fuzzy logic membership functions, and a symptom status can be derived from the mapping of the physiologic information using a first fuzzy logic inference. In an example, the symptom status can be mapped to a second set of fuzzy logic membership functions, and a disease status can be derived from the mapping of the symptom status to the second set of fuzzy logic membership functions using a second fuzzy logic inference.
US08319645B2
A semiconductor device with a built-in battery whose residual amount of the electrical energy can be detected accurately. The semiconductor device has a battery, a demodulation circuit, a control circuit which generates a signal having information about the residual amount of the electrical energy stored in the battery, and a transmission medium which displays the residual amount of the electrical energy in accordance with the signal. The demodulation circuit demodulates a signal input from an antenna which requests display of the residual amount of the electrical energy. Based on the demodulated signal, the control circuit starts to generate a signal having information about the residual amount of the electrical energy in the battery.
US08319632B1
External portable medical devices, such as portable external defibrillators (PEDs), have long standby times and may be required to indicate their operational status to a user while conserving battery power. Frequently, numerous PEDs are scattered throughout one or more large facility, which may make identifying a PED that is indicating an operational status that requires attention more difficult. To conserve power and provide more effective notice, a PED may use a broadcast transmitter, which minimizes power usage, to communicate the PED's status to a remote monitor that is connected to a relatively unlimited power supply. The remote monitor may then provide a wide variety of sensory alerts to indicate the status of the PED without concern for the power consumption associated with the sensory alert.
US08319627B2
A system for providing network infrastructure for energy management and control is disclosed. A controller integrates powerline and wireless networking technologies in order to provide an integrated network. A gateway sends and receives command and control data across the integrated network. Client devices may connect to the integrated network and perform a variety of functions. An appliance module may send and receive data across the integrated network in relation to a particular appliance. A panel meter may send and receive data across the integrated network in relation to data measured at a distribution panel. A serial bridge may connect various devices to the integrated network. Computing devices may remotely or locally connect to the integrated network and send and receive data.
US08319623B2
A brake monitoring system and method for a vehicle having multiple axles and a plurality of brake actuators and an engine control module, each brake actuator being associated with one of the axle. The system include sensors for measuring, in real-time, brake pressure and brake lining wear, and generating first and second signals. The first and second signals are received and stored in a chassis communications module. The chassis communications module detects fault condition of the brakes as a function of the first and/or second signals and for recording the fault condition, the fault condition being one of a brake monitor warning and a brake lining warning and provides an indication of status via warning lights.
US08319617B2
A vehicle surroundings monitoring apparatus includes: a plurality of imaging units which capture an external region of a present-vehicle and output images; a display unit which is installed in an interior of the present-vehicle; a selector which selects an image to be displayed on the display unit from the images output from the imaging units; and a display control unit which displays the images output from the imaging units on the display unit so as to be switched in accordance with a selection by the selector and displays an image indicator display indicating a display region in the external region of the present-vehicle corresponding to the images so as to be switched by the selector on the display unit.
US08319613B2
A smart cap for a medical container for the containment of solid medications having unique indicia. The cap is provided with an optical scanner configured with at least one locally contained or external data base having general medication identification data and optionally patient-specific information to scan and identify the medication (and optionally the dosage, specific formulations, manufacturing source, etc.) and to record and correlate information regarding patient medication usage (scanning of a medication is generally considered indicative of actual patient taking of the medication). The cap further comprises communication elements configured to transmit/receive “usage” through scanning of a unit dosage of the medication, to an external data base such as the patient's cell phone and or computer (such as with blue tooth or RF communication) or via a telephone call or internet transmission to a data base of a pharmacy or physician or other health care provider.
US08319610B2
Radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag antenna, tags and communications systems using the same are presented. The RFID tag antenna includes a patterned conductive loop having a plurality of longitudinal conductive sections and a pair of transverse conductive sections connecting to each end of the longitudinal conductive sections to serve as a matching network. A pair of extended conductive arms is electrically connected to the patterned conductive loop via two nodes. A bonding pad with an RFID chip disposed thereon is arranged at the central area of the pair of extended conductive arms.
US08319602B2
In the field of medical devices, for instance patient tables, it is known to block the movement of moveable components of a respective apparatus using blocking means and to release these only after actuating a switch. To be able to dispense with the foot switch, an authorized operator is equipped with a radio frequency identification tag and interrogation means for interrogating the radio frequency identification tag are provided on the apparatus. Once the operator initiates a movement by exerting a force, a sensor detects this force and activates the interrogation means. If the interrogation means identify that the radio frequency identification tag is sufficiently close thereto, it is concluded that the authorized operator would like to initiate the movement and the moveable part is released.
US08319596B2
A circuit protector includes first and second conductive members. An active material alters at least one attribute in response to an activation signal. The active material is operatively connected to the first and second conductive members to alter the electrical resistance between the first and second members.
US08319593B2
A signal transforming circuit includes: a first substantially 8-shaped geometry primary winding arranged to couple a first input signal; and a substantially 8-shaped geometry secondary winding having a first port and a second port, the substantially 8-shaped geometry secondary winding disposed adjacent to the first substantially 8-shaped geometry primary winding to magnetically couple to the first substantially 8-shaped geometry primary winding for generating an output signal at the first port and the second port.
US08319591B2
A primary coil of an ignition coil has a socket with a side wall having an opening, a center core having a body portion with a root located in the opening and a collar portion extending perpendicularly from the root, and a winding wound on the body portion while the socket catches start and end portions of the winding on respective winding start and end sides. The collar portion is held in the socket. The core is formed by compressing magnetic powder in two divided dies divided through dividing lines which extend along a diagonal line of a rectangle formed by projecting the collar portion on a plane perpendicular to a center axis of the core. The root on the diagonal line is exposed to the opening on the winding start side and is covered with the side wall on the winding end side.
US08319589B2
A magnetically latching solenoid and method of determining a position of a plunger contained therein. The solenoid includes a frame, a plunger configured to move through the frame between a first stable position and a second stable position, and at least one magnet mounted near the center of the frame such that a first and second magnetic fields are produced by the magnet through the frame and the plunger, wherein each of the first and second magnetic fields drive a separate portion of the frame into magnetic saturation depending on the position of the plunger. The solenoid also includes a first and second sensors mounted on the frame at different locations configured to detect and measure the first and second magnetic fields. The detected and measured magnetic fields are then used to determine the position of the plunger in the solenoid.
US08319578B2
Aspects of a method and system for configurable differential or single-ended signaling in an integrated circuit. In this regard, a balun comprising one or more loops fabricated in a plurality of metal layers in an integrated circuit may enable conversion between unbalanced and balanced signals. In this regard, balanced signal output by a power amplifier may be converted to a balanced signal for transmission via an antenna. Similarly, an unbalanced signal received by an antenna may be converted to a balanced signal for amplification by an amplifier with a balanced input. The loops may be fabricated in transmission line media such as microstrip and/or stripline. The loops may comprise ferromagnetic material which may be deposited on and/or within the IC. Signals converted via the balun may be in the 61 GHz-61.5 GHz ISM band.
US08319572B2
An electromagnetic bandgap structure includes: first conductive plates, placed on a first planar surface; second conductive plates, placed on a second planar surface; a first conductive trace, electrically connecting any two adjacent first conductive plates with each other on the first planar surface, in which the two adjacent first conductive plates are in a first direction; a second conductive trace, electrically connecting any two adjacent second conductive plates with each other on the second planar surface, in which the two adjacent second conductive plates are in the first direction; a first stitching via, electrically connecting any two adjacent conductive portions lined up in a direction different from the first direction on the first planar surface with each other; and a second stitching via, electrically connecting any two adjacent conductive portions lined up in a direction different from the first direction on the second planar surface with each other.
US08319568B2
A method for compensating an oscillation frequency, a device, and a phase locked loop (PLL) is applied in the LC oscillating loop, including: sending voltage control signals to one end of a variable capacitor of an LC oscillating loop to generate oscillating signals in the LC oscillating loop through the voltage control signals; obtaining variable bias voltage that reflects changes of external parameters; and sending the variable bias voltage to the other end of the variable capacitor to compensate changes to the oscillation frequency of oscillation signals generated in the LC oscillating loop. This disclosure compensates the changes to the oscillation frequency of the circuit that contains the LC oscillating loop and improves the stability of the circuit oscillation frequency by sending bias voltage to one end of the variable capacitor of the LC oscillating loop.
US08319557B2
A radio frequency (RF) power amplifier system having a power detection feature includes a balanced power amplifier, an in-phase branch current detector, an out-of-phase branch current detector, and detection circuitry. The balanced power amplifier includes a phase splitter, an in-phase power amplifier branch, an out-of-phase power amplifier branch, and a phase combiner. The in-phase branch current detector provides an indication of current in the in-phase power amplifier branch. The out-of-phase branch current detector provides an indication of current in the out-of-phase power amplifier branch. The detection circuitry combines the indications of current in the in-phase and out-of-phase power amplifier branches to produce an indication of current in the balanced power amplifier.
US08319554B1
An amplifier with a cascode device contains a common mode feedback circuit to ensure correct operating point in the amplifier. Common mode feedback is provided to the amplifier to maintain the common mode operating point during active operation. Additional common mode feedback is provided to the cascode devices to ensure correct start-up by forcing the node voltages to go to their desired voltage levels.
US08319547B1
A system and method for voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) biasing in low voltage circuits including low resistance elements that are especially susceptible to noise. In one embodiment, a poly resistor and triode resistor is used to cancel or offset the effects that temperature variations have on the circuit. The triode resistor is powered by a voltage source that uses a pair of diodes coupled to a constant transconductance (gm) circuit to generate a reduced noise voltage that is independent of the power supply noise. The size of the triode resistor and poly resistors can be varied.
US08319541B2
A capacitance compensation circuit includes an input terminal, a plurality of switches coupled to the input terminal, a plurality of varactors coupled to the plurality of switches, and a plurality of blocking capacitors coupled between the plurality of switches and the plurality of varactors. The capacitance compensation circuit further includes a plurality of adjustable biasing circuits to precisely compensate for linear and parabolic voltage dependent components of an input or other capacitor. Two such circuits can be used with a single input terminal to compensate for both increasing and decreasing voltage dependent characteristics of a target capacitor.
US08319540B2
Level shifting circuits and a related method are disclosed herein. An embodiment of the present invention includes a voltage level shifter, comprising a first pull up transistor coupled to a high voltage signal and a first pull down transistor coupled between the first pull up transistor and a low voltage signal and controlled by an input signal. The voltage level shifter further includes a first bias transistor serially coupled between the first pull up transistor and the first bias transistor. A gate of the first bias transistor is coupled with a bias voltage signal. The voltage level shifter further includes a first additional pull up path coupled with the high voltage signal and a first node between the first pull up transistor and the first pull down transistor, and an output signal associated with the first node. The output signal is a level shifted voltage responsive to the input signal.
US08319537B2
There is provided a modulation profile generator and spread spectrum clock generator including the modulation profile generator. The modulation profile generator includes an input signal generator that generates an input signal; a function calculator that outputs a function calculation result in the form of a square root graph by using the input signal as an input of a function; and a profile generator that generates a non-linear modulation profile based on the function calculation result. As a result, it is possible to effectively reduce electromagnetic interference.
US08319530B2
A buffer circuit includes a biasing circuit operable to generate first and second biasing signals. A capacitive network includes an input adapted to receive an input signal and the capacitive network is operable responsive to the input signal to generate first and second bootstrapped signals. A push-pull stage includes first and second control inputs and an output. The push-pull stage is coupled to the biasing circuit to receive the first and second biasing signals on the first and second control inputs, respectively, and is coupled to the capacitive network to receive the first and second bootstrapped signals on the first and second control inputs, respectively. The push-pull stage is operable to generate a buffered output signal on the output responsive to the first and second bootstrapped signals.
US08319527B1
Methods and systems for analog to digital converter and systems incorporating the same are provided. Specifically, an analog sampler that has a reduced input current is disclosed. According to the present teaching, an apparatus for sampling an input voltage includes a first switch having its first terminal connected to an input voltage, and a first pre-charging circuit, coupled to a second terminal of the first switch, that provides a first pre-charged voltage that is substantially equal to the input voltage. The first pre-charged voltage is provided at the first terminal of the first switch before the first switch is turned on. The apparatus further includes a second pre-charging circuit coupled to both the first pre-charging circuit and the second terminal of the first switch, where the second pre-charging circuit charges the first pre-charged voltage prior to the first switch being turned on.
US08319526B2
A latched comparator circuit comprises an input amplification unit, a buffer unit, and a control unit. The input amplification unit comprises a first and a second input terminal for receiving a first and a second input voltage, respectively, of the latched comparator circuit. The input amplification unit further comprises a first and a second output terminal for outputting a first and a second output voltage, respectively, of the input amplification unit. In addition, the input amplification unit comprises a reset terminal arranged to receive a reset signal for resetting the input amplification unit. The buffer unit is operatively connected to the first and the second output terminal of the input amplification unit. Furthermore, the buffer unit comprises a first and a second output terminal for outputting a first and a second output voltage, respectively, of the buffer unit. The control unit is operatively connected to the input amplification unit and the buffer unit. The control unit is adapted to generate the reset signal based on the first and the second output voltage of the buffer unit and a clock signal and to generate an output signal of the latched comparator circuit based on the first and the second output voltage of the buffer unit. A method of operating the latched comparator circuit is also disclosed.
US08319518B2
Transition detection circuitry for detecting during multiple clock cycles, transitions occurring within a detection period in each of said multiple clock cycles at a plurality of nodes within a circuit is disclosed. The transition detection circuitry comprises: a clock signal generator for generating a detection clock signal from a clock signal clocking a sampling element within said circuit, said detection clock signal defining said detection period; a plurality of transition detectors for detecting transitions at respective ones of said plurality of nodes during said detection period, each of said plurality of transition detectors being clocked by said detection clock signal; and combining circuitry for combining said detected transitions output by said plurality of transition detectors to generate a composite transition detection signal.
US08319517B2
An example generator test assembly includes a testing module operative to test a generator according to a test procedure. At least one connector is configured to couple the generator to the testing module. The generator has a generator identifier. The test module is configured to select the test procedure from a plurality of potential test procedures based on the generator identifier.
US08319505B1
Capacitance measurement circuits for measuring self and mutual capacitances are described. In one embodiment the capacitance measurement circuit includes: a first electrode capacitively coupled with a second electrode; a first plurality of switches coupled with the first electrode; and a second plurality of switches coupled with the second electrode, wherein, during a first operation stage, the first plurality of switches is configured to apply a first initial voltage to the first electrode and the second plurality of switches is configured to apply a second initial voltage to the second electrode, and wherein, during a second operation stage, the first plurality of switches is configured to connect the first electrode with a measurement circuit, and the second plurality of switches is configured to connect the second electrode with a constant voltage.
US08319499B2
The invention relates to a motor vehicle battery sensor element comprising a resistor element 2 and at least two spatially separated electric contacts 16 positioned on the resistor element 2. To increase the measuring accuracy and to reduce the temperature variance, it is proposed that the resistor element 2 along with the electric contacts 16 is coated with a metal coating 8.
US08319492B2
A rotary encoder comprising a magnet, AMR or GMR sensors and an evaluation means. The AMR or GMR sensors are arranged to generate two signals that unambiguously encode the rotary position of the magnet within a predetermined range of rotary positions and a direction of rotation of the magnet. The evaluation means is arranged to derive single-turn and multi-turn information solely from the signals. The encoder is arranged to be switched to a power saving state for a predetermined period of time, to be at least partially reactivated thereafter and to compare a current value derived from the signals with a stored previous value derived from the signals.
US08319491B2
A system including magnetic sensing elements and a circuit. The magnetic sensing elements are configured to sense a magnetic field that is generated via a current and to provide signals that correspond to the magnetic field. The circuit is configured to determine calibration values based on the signals and measure the current based on the signals.
US08319489B2
A power transfer device includes: a transformer that couples a primary circuit and a secondary circuit and has a coupling constant of less than 1; and capacitances that are respectively provided in the primary circuit and the secondary circuit, and connected in series with coils that form the transformer. Circuit constants of the primary circuit and the secondary circuit are set so that the primary circuit and the secondary circuit resonate at the same frequency and a product of the square of the coupling constant, a Q value of the primary circuit and a Q value of the secondary circuit is 1. The primary circuit transfers power to the secondary circuit by means of the transformer, using a carrier wave having the resonance frequency.
US08319488B2
A method and apparatus for providing intermittent or interruptible power to an electronic device. The circuit may provide power upon user initiation and interrupt that power in response to a user command, fault state, period of inactivity and so forth. As one example, interruptible power may be initially provided to activate or “power up” an electronic device and constant power provided after the initial activation. The initial powering up of the device may be facilitated by closing two contacts. The circuit may continue to provide power after the button is released through a monitoring and/or feedback mechanism.
US08319483B2
A digital average-input current-mode control loop for a DC/DC power converter. The power converter may be, for example, a buck converter, boost converter, or cascaded buck-boost converter. The purpose of the proposed control loop is to set the average converter input current to the requested current. Controlling the average input current can be relevant for various applications such as power factor correction (PFC), photovoltaic converters, and more. The method is based on predicting the inductor current based on measuring the input voltage, the output voltage, and the inductor current. A fast cycle-by-cycle control loop may be implemented. The conversion method is described for three different modes. For each mode a different control loop is used to control the average input current, and the control loop for each of the different modes is described. Finally, the algorithm for switching between the modes is disclosed.
US08319480B2
The present disclosure is related to a power control apparatus and a method for controlling power, more specifically to a power control apparatus that controls the risk of overcurrent in a power generator when the voltage in the power grid is low. In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, a power control apparatus that controls power in a power generation system including a generator generating power can include a current comparator, which calculates an error current by using a difference between a current measured at the generator and a rated current of the generator, a controlling unit, which calculates a real power value by receiving the error current and outputs a switch driving signal corresponding to the calculated real power value, a switch, which is operated by the switch driving signal, and a resistance device, which is coupled to the switch to consume the error current.
US08319466B2
The present invention relates generally to systems and methods for detecting ground faults (i.e., line-to-ground faults) in electrical power conversion systems. In particular, the embodiments described herein include a common mode voltage booster module configured to calculate a common mode voltage boost factor and a common mode voltage boost function based on a plurality of voltage commands for the system. The common mode voltage boost factor and/or the common mode voltage boost function may be applied to the voltage commands to generate boosted voltage commands which, when applied to an inverter or converter, source current indicative of ground faults in the system. More specifically, the common mode voltage boost factor may be multiplied by a common mode voltage calculated by a common mode voltage calculator and summed with the voltage commands. In addition, the common mode voltage boost function may be summed with the voltage commands after the voltage commands have been summed with the common mode voltage boost factor.
US08319464B2
A two-phase or four-phase electric machine includes a first stator part and a second stator part disposed about ninety electrical degrees apart. Stator pole parts are positioned near the first stator part and the second stator part. An injector injects a third-harmonic frequency current that is separate from and not produced by the fundamental current driving the first stator part and the second stator part. The electric angular speed of the third-harmonic rotating field comprises p · θ t , where p comprises the number of pole pairs, θ comprises a mechanical angle and t comprise time in seconds.
US08319458B2
Methods and systems for operating an inverter coupled to an electric motor are provided. The inverter has a plurality of high switches and a plurality of low switches coupled to the electric motor. An event indicative of deceleration of the electric motor is detected. The inverter is alternated between a first mode of operation and a second mode of operation during the deceleration of the electric motor. In the first mode of operation, each of the plurality of high switches is activated and each of the plurality of low switches is deactivated. In the second mode of operation, each of the plurality of low switches is activated and each of the plurality of high switches is deactivated.
US08319456B2
A method for controlling a multi-phase motor includes withholding energization of a first phase of the motor for a non-zero period when the first phase's dwell time begins. Energization of the first phase is activated upon the expiration of the non-zero period. Energization of the first phase is deactivated for the remainder of the dwell time at a deactivation time occurring before or at the expiration of the dwell time.
US08319448B2
A driver arrangement for LEDs may include a PWM controller to deliver a feed voltage between an output line and a ground output line, said controller having a pin, a current regulator to regulate the feed current, a switch to connect said pin to a scaled-down version of the voltage on the first output line, and a control line to receive a signal to produce dimming, said control line coupled to said regulator and said switch to couple said regulator to a reference voltage and control switching, whereby: in one of the levels of a PWM control signal, said regulator interrupts said feed current, the voltage on said ground output line is floating, and in the other levels, said regulator is coupled to said reference voltage, said switch disconnects said pin from said voltage on the output line and the voltage on said ground output line is regulated.
US08319446B2
In various embodiments, a circuit for driving a fluorescent lamp is provided. The circuit may include a half bridge including a first switch and a second switch; a drive unit for driving the first switch and the second switch, it being possible for a predetermined state to be established using the drive unit, and it being possible for the driving of the first and the second switch to be modulated as a result of the predetermined state using the drive unit.
US08319432B2
A gas-discharge lamp (deuterium lamp) is provided having a lamp bulb (26) filled with gas, an anode (12) disposed inside the lamp bulb, a cathode (10) spaced from the anode inside the lamp bulb, a housing having a molded body (18), a rear housing wall (24), and a housing base made at least partially of electrically nonconductive material. The housing base includes a housing front (16), an intermediate housing wall (22), a cathode space (28), and a cathode shielding window (20). The cathode shielding window is insulated from the molded body and/or is made of an insulating material. The gas-discharge lamp is particularly applicable for analytical purposes.
US08319431B2
A High Intensity Discharge lamp and method of making same having an arc tube defining a discharge chamber with opposite ends of the tube each receiving an electrode extending into the discharge chamber and define an axial gap therebetween. A thermal shield extends from each opposite end of the arc tube and defines a radial gap with the tube. The thermal shields in some embodiments extend from end plugs in the arc tube; and, in another embodiment use formed, integrally with one arc tube sections and the tube sections joined.
US08319430B2
A plasma display panel includes a front plate, a rear plate facing the front plate, and a phosphor layer formed on the rear plate. The phosphor layer includes a green phosphor layer containing Zn2SiO4:Mn and (Y1-X, GdX)3Al5O12:Ce, where 0≦X≦1. In Zn2SiO4:Mn, the amount of Mn is no less than 8 at. % to no more than 10 at. % relative to the total amount of Zn and Mn, and the total amount of Zn and Mn is no less than 197 at. % to no more than 202 at. % relative to the amount of Si. The amount of (Y1-X, GdX)3Al5O12:Ce is no less than 20 wt. % to no more than 50 wt. % relative to the total amount of Zn2SiO4:Mn and (Y1-X, GdX)3Al5O12:Ce.
US08319425B2
An organic light emitting display device having RFID includes a substrate including a pixel region having at least one organic light emitting device and a non-pixel region formed on the outer circumference of the pixel region, a sealing substrate that seals at least the pixel region of the substrate, an RFID antenna pattern on the sealing substrate, and an RFID chip electrically coupled to the RFID antenna pattern.
US08319421B2
An organic light-emitting laminate for use in an organic electroluminescent device, characterized in comprising: a first light-emitting layer, including a first main light-emitting material and a first phosphorescent material, a second light-emitting layer, including a second main light-emitting material and a second phosphorescent material, formed on the first light-emitting layer, and a carrier-transporting material, which is included in at least one of the first light-emitting layer and the second light-emitting layer; wherein the first main light-emitting material, the second main light-emitting material and the carrier-transporting material each have a triplet energy level higher than that of the first phosphorescent material and the second phosphorescent material. The present invention also provides an organic electroluminescent device containing the organic light-emitting laminate.
US08319415B2
A pixel tube for field emission display includes a sealed container, an anode, a phosphor, and a cathode. The sealed container has a light permeable portion. The anode is located on the light permeable portion. The phosphor layer is located on the anode. The cathode is spaced from the anode and includes a cathode emitter. The cathode emitter includes a carbon nanotube pipe. One end of the carbon nanotube pipe has a plurality of carbon nanotube peaks.
US08319414B2
An image display apparatus includes a face plate including a low-potential electrode and a plate-like spacer including a longitudinal-direction end. The low-potential electrode is set at a lower potential than that of a resistive anode and is disposed between the resistive anode and a feed electrode. The longitudinal-direction end of the plate-like spacer is disposed between the resistive anode and the feed electrode so as to overlap the low-potential electrode.
US08319405B2
A generator including a generator frame (2, FIG. 1), frame rings (4) extending from an inside surface of the frame (2), stacked laminations forming a stator core (88) disposed within the generator frame (2), a spring bar (40, FIG. 2) spanning a distance between at least two frame rings (4), a first spring bar end attached to a first frame ring (4) and a second opposing spring bar end attached to a second frame ring (4), at least one bracket (80) attached to the spring bar (40); and a first and a second keybar (84) attached to the bracket (80), each keybar (84) for engaging a corresponding groove within the stator core (88).
US08319401B2
A system and method for generating power when one or more motion sensitive structures are moved via airflow. The system may include one or more sensing components which, acting alone or in combination, are capable of generating data related to one or more physiological parameters. The system may also include wireless communication circuitry capable of wirelessly transmitting the data related to the one or more physiological parameters. Furthermore, at least one of the one or more sensing components or the wireless communication circuitry may be at least partially powered, directly or indirectly, by the one or more motion sensitive structures when acted upon by airflow.
US08319397B2
Provided is a small piezoelectric power generator applied to a wireless sensor network system of a tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) for monitoring an internal environment of a tire such as variation in air pressure in the tire. In particular, when the system, in which air pressure, temperature and acceleration sensors are mounted, installed in the tire is operated in the TPMS for an automobile, a small piezoelectric power generator for the TPMS can be used as a power source in place of a conventional battery. The piezoelectric power generator includes a substrate having an electrode for transmitting power to the exterior, a metal plate formed on the substrate, and a piezoelectric body disposed on the metal plate and transmitting the power generated by a piezoelectric material to the electrode.
US08319393B2
Cantilever beam electrostatic actuators are disclosed. A cantilever beam electrostatic actuator in accordance with the present invention comprises an actuator beam having a first width at a support anchor point and a second width at a distal end of the actuator, wherein the first width is narrower than the second width. Another actuator in accordance with the present invention comprises an actuator region, having a first width, a beam, having a second width, coupled between an edge of the actuator region and a pivot point, the beam being approximately centered on the actuator region, wherein the second width is narrower than the first width, and at least one auxiliary actuator flap, coupled to the actuator region, the at least one auxiliary actuator flap coupled to the actuator region along the edge of the actuator region, the at least one auxiliary actuator flap being farther away from a centerline of the actuator than the beam.
US08319385B2
A method is provided for supporting rotatable devices, particularly a medical scanner having an inner ring and an outer ring. According to the invention, the inner ring and outer ring are guided without contact in the axial and/or radial direction by the magnetic field of electromagnets, and the distance between them is monitored and controlled by means of distance sensors. For a bearing implementing said method according to the invention, the outer ring is made in multiple parts and has a U-shaped cross section that is open to the inside in the assembled state, into which the inner ring (1, 10, 11) extends, and electromagnets and distance sensors are disposed in the axially and radially opposite areas of the inner ring or outer ring.
US08319381B2
The present invention provides an automotive electric motor-generator that can achieve sufficient cooling of a radiating plate by ensuring a sufficient cooling airflow ventilation channel within limited axial or radial dimensions. In the present invention, first and second radiating plates each form a fan shape, have N-channel power MOSFETs mounted thereto, and have a drain potential for the power MOSFETs. A first circuit board includes insert conductors that connect the power MOSFETs in series, and a second circuit board has insert conductors that are connected to source terminals of the power MOSFETs and that have negative potential. The first radiating plate, the second radiating plate, the first circuit board, and the second circuit board are disposed in a fan shape that is centered around a shaft so as to line up radially in a plane that is perpendicular to the shaft outside one axial end of a rear housing.
US08319375B2
A power supply system is disclosed, including a first plurality of power supply units configured to supply working voltages from a battery to a second plurality of loads, a large-capacitance capacitor configured to charge electric charges from the battery, a third plurality of switching means for connecting the large-capacitance capacitor to the second plurality of loads selectively, control means for switching the third plurality of switching means corresponding to the load presently driven, and discharge means, in a case where the output voltage of the large-capacitance capacitor is higher than the operating voltage of the second load when the capacitor is switched from a first load to a second load, for discharging the charges stored in the capacitor according to the monitoring result by a voltage monitoring means so that the voltage of the capacitor decreases to the operating voltage.
US08319367B2
This disclosure provides a fluid whirl lighting apparatus, which comprises: a housing; a coil module, disposed on an inner wall of the housing; a rotor, disposed in the housing, provided with a plurality of blades on an inner wall thereof and a magnetic module on an outer wall corresponding to the coil module; a lighting module, disposed on the outer wall of the housing while electrically coupled to the coil module; and an alarm element, electrically connected to the coil module for issuing an alarm; wherein the outer wall of the rotor and the inner wall of the housing define an air-tight space for accommodating a liquid, and the rotor is rotated by a flowing fluid propelling the plural blades for enabling a relative movement between the coil module and the magnetic module for generating electricity; and the lighting module is used for providing illumination in response to the electricity.
US08319366B2
A system for converting marine surface wave energy into electric energy includes a barrier disposed generally vertically and having at least a portion thereof disposed above a surface of a body of water. The portion has a substantially planar surface disposed generally transverse to direction of marine surface waves. Bottom edge of the barrier is pivotally connected to one of a floor bed, a rigid formation and a rigid structure. At least one linear electric generator is coupled to storage of electric energy and is operable by a pivotal movement of the barrier. One type of electric generator is disposed external to the barrier while another type is mounted within a barrier chamber.
US08319358B2
Electric vehicle charging methods, battery charging methods, electric vehicle charging systems, energy device control apparatuses, and electric vehicles are described. In one arrangement, an electric vehicle charging method includes receiving information regarding charging of an electric vehicle with energy from an electric power grid, determining an amount of energy stored by an energy storage device coupled to the electric power grid, and controlling a transfer of the energy stored by the energy storage device to the electric power grid using the information regarding the charging of the electric vehicle. Other arrangements are described.
US08319352B2
A memory card has a wiring board, four memory chips stacked on a main surface of the wiring board, and a controller chip and an interposer mounted on a surface of the memory chip of the uppermost layer. The memory chips are stacked on the surface of the wiring board so that their long sides are directed in the same direction as that of the long side of the wiring board. The memory chip of the lowermost layer is mounted on the wiring board in a dislocated manner by a predetermined distance in a direction toward a front end of the memory card so as not to overlap the pads of the wiring board. The three memory chips stacked on the memory chip of the lowermost layer are disposed so that their short sides on which pads are formed are located at the front end of the memory card.
US08319350B2
The present invention relates to an adhesive tape for electrically connecting semiconductor chips in a chip-on-chip type semiconductor device. The adhesive tape comprising: (A) 10 to 50 wt % of film forming resin; (B) 30 to 80 wt % of curable resin; and (C) 1 to 20 wt % of curing agent having flux activity.
US08319345B2
A semiconductor packaging substrate with a plurality of pads arranged in a square grid pattern thereon, in which among the pads, two pads obliquely adjacent to each other are connected with through-holes respectively and another through-hole is provided between the through-holes connected with the two pads obliquely adjacent to each other.
US08319341B2
A gate structure of a semiconductor device includes an intermediate structure, wherein the intermediate structure includes a titanium layer and a tungsten silicide layer. A method for forming a gate structure of a semiconductor device includes forming a polysilicon-based electrode. An intermediate structure, which includes a titanium layer and a tungsten silicide layer, is formed over the polysilicon-based electrode. A metal electrode is formed over the intermediate structure.
US08319335B2
The invention relates to a power semiconductor module including a power semiconductor chip arranged on a substrate and comprising a bottom side facing the substrate, a top side facing away from the substrate, and an electrical contact face arranged on the top side. A bond wire is bonded to the contact face. At least when the power semiconductor module is fastened to a heatsink, a contact pressure element creates a contact pressure force (F) acting on a sub-portion 36 of a bond wire portion configured between two adjacent bond sites. The contact pressure force (F) results in the power semiconductor chip and a substrate beneath being pressed against the heatsink.
US08319333B2
In the power semiconductor module, a wiring metal plate electrically connects between power semiconductor elements joined to the circuit pattern, and between the power semiconductor elements and the circuit pattern. Cylindrical main terminals are joined, substantially perpendicularly, to the wiring metal plate and the circuit pattern, respectively. A cylindrical control terminal is joined, substantially perpendicularly, to one of the power semiconductor elements.
US08319329B2
Microelectronic packages are fabricated by stacking integrated circuits upon one another. Each integrated circuit includes a semiconductor layer having microelectronic devices and a wiring layer on the semiconductor layer having wiring that selectively interconnects the microelectronic devices. After stacking, a via is formed that extends through at least two of the integrated circuits that are stacked upon one another. Then, the via is filled with conductive material that selectively electrically contacts the wiring. Related microelectronic packages are also described.
US08319322B2
Provided is a manufacturing method of a semiconductor element substrate including: a step of forming a first photoresist pattern on a first surface of a metallic plate, to form a semiconductor element mounting part, a semiconductor element electrode connection terminal, a wiring, an outer frame part, and a slit; a step of forming a second photoresist pattern on the second surface of the metallic plate; a step of forming the slit by half etching to connect the metallic chip with a four corners of the outer frame part; a step of forming a plurality of concaved parts on the second surface of the metallic plate; a step of forming a resin layer by injecting a resin to the plurality of concaved parts; and a step of etching the first surface of the metallic plate and forming the semiconductor element electrode connection terminal and the outer frame.
US08319321B2
Some exemplary embodiments of a direct contact leadless package and related structure and method, especially suitable for packaging high current semiconductor devices, have been disclosed. One exemplary structure comprises a first contact lead frame portion, a paddle portion, and an extended contact lead frame portion held together by a mold compound. A first semiconductor device is attached to a top side of the paddle portion and is enclosed by said mold compound, while a second semiconductor device is attached to a bottom side of said paddle portion and is in electrical contact with said the first semiconductor device. The extended contact lead frame portion is in direct electrical contact with the second semiconductor device without using a bond wire. Alternative exemplary embodiments may include additional extended lead frame portions, paddle portions, and semiconductor devices in various configurations.
US08319320B2
According to one embodiment, an LED module includes a board, an interconnection and an LED package. The interconnection is formed on an upper surface of the board. The LED package is mounted on the board. The LED package includes first and second lead frames disposed to be apart from each other, and connected to portions of the interconnection insulated from each other. The LED package includes an LED chip provided above the first and second lead frames. The LED chip has one terminal connected to the first lead frame and another terminal connected to the second lead frame. In addition, the LED package includes a resin body covering an upper surface, portions of a lower surface and an edge surface of each of the first and second lead frames, also covering the LED chip, but exposing remaining portions of the lower surface and the edge surface. And, an appearance of the resin body is an appearance of the LED package.
US08319313B1
Circuits, architectures, a system and methods for reducing the effect(s) of cross talk in neighboring I/O signal paths. The circuitry generally includes first and second input/output (I/O) pads having first and second I/O signal lines coupled thereto, and a capacitor having first and second terminals coupled to the first I/O pad and/or signal line and the second I/O pad and/or signal line, respectively. The method generally comprises the steps of (1) transmitting or receiving a signal along a first I/O signal line in an integrated circuit, the first I/O signal line communicating with a first I/O pad on the integrated circuit, and the integrated circuit having a second I/O signal line communicating with a second I/O pad; and (2) capacitively coupling the first signal to the second I/O pad and/or the second I/O signal line, sufficiently to reduce the effect(s) of cross talk in the second I/O signal line. The present invention can significantly reduce the effects of cross talk in neighboring I/O signal paths, for both input and output signals.
US08319308B2
The present invention provides a semiconductor device including: a base substrate; a first semiconductor layer disposed on the base substrate; first ohmic electrodes disposed on a central region of the first semiconductor layer; a second ohmic electrode having a ring shape surrounding the first ohmic electrodes, on edge regions of the first semiconductor layer; a second semiconductor layer interposed between the first ohmic electrodes and the first semiconductor layer; and a Schottky electrode part which covers the first ohmic electrodes on the central regions, and is spaced apart from the second ohmic electrode.
US08319307B1
A CMOS image sensor array has rows and columns of active pixels, and column lines in communication with the active pixels in the respective columns. Each active pixel has an output connected to a column line and includes a photodetector that produces a signal proportional to incident light intensity that is coupled to an active pixel output based on column select and row select signals. Each active pixel has a reset transistor for resetting the active pixel, wherein each reset transistor has a first gate terminal and a second gate terminal. The reset transistors have a variable threshold capability that allows increased sensor array dynamic range or mitigation of the effects of temperature or radiation induced transistor threshold voltage shifts. Row select, column select, and sense transistors can also be configured to have variable thresholds.
US08319300B2
Solution composition for forming oxide thin film and electronic device including the oxide thin film
A solution composition for forming an oxide thin film may include a first compound including zinc, a second compound including indium, and a third compound including magnesium or hafnium, and an electronic device may include an oxide semiconductor including zinc, indium, and magnesium. The zinc and hafnium may be included at an atomic ratio of about 1:0.01 to about 1:1.
US08319292B2
A semiconductor device includes a first MISFET and a second MISFET which are formed over a semiconductor substrate and have the same conductive type. The first MISFET has a first gate insulating film arranged over the semiconductor substrate, a first gate electrode arranged over the first gate insulating film, and a first source region and a first drain region. The second MISFET has a second gate insulating film arranged over the semiconductor substrate, a second gate electrode arranged over the second gate insulating film, and a second source region and a second drain region. The first and the second gate electrode are electrically coupled, the first and the second source region are electrically coupled, and the first and the second drain region are electrically coupled. Accordingly, the first and the second MISFET are coupled in parallel. In addition, threshold voltages are different between the first and the second MISFET.
US08319290B2
High Efficiency Diode (HED) rectifiers with improved performance including reduced reverse leakage current, reliable solderability properties, and higher manufacturing yields are fabricated by minimizing topography variation at various stages of fabrication. Variations in the topography are minimized by using a CMP process to planarize the HED rectifier after the field oxide, polysilicon and/or solderable top metal are formed.
US08319289B2
A technique for suppressing lowering of withstand voltage and lowering of breakdown resistance and reducing a feedback capacitance of a power MISFET is provided. A lateral power MISFET that comprises a trench region whose insulating layer is formed shallower than an HV-Nwell layer is provided in the HV-Nwell layer (drift region) formed on a main surface of a semiconductor substrate in a direction from the main surface to the inside. The lateral power MISFET has an arrangement on a plane of the main surface including a source layer (source region) and a drain layer (drain region) arranged at opposite sides to each other across a gate electrode (first conducting layer), and a dummy gate electrode (second conducting layer) that is different from the gate electrode is arranged between the gate electrode and the drain layer.
US08319280B2
Semiconductor memory devices having recessed access devices are disclosed. In some embodiments, a method of forming the recessed access device includes forming a device recess in a substrate material that extends to a first depth in the substrate that includes a gate oxide layer in the recess. The device recess may be extended to a second depth that is greater that the first depth to form an extended portion of the device recess. A field oxide layer may be provided within an interior of the device recess that extends inwardly into the interior of the device recess and into the substrate. Active regions may be formed in the substrate that abut the field oxide layer, and a gate material may be deposited into the device recess.
US08319278B1
Power semiconductor devices in which insulated empty space zones are used for field-shaping regions, in place of dielectric bodies previously used. Optionally permanent charge is added at the interface between the insulated empty space zone and an adjacent semiconductor drift region.
US08319276B2
A non-volatile memory device includes: word line disposed on a substrate; an active region crossing over the word line; and a charge trap layer that is between the word line and the active region.
US08319269B2
A decease in reliability of a memory element having a floating gate is suppressed. The invention relates to a semiconductor device having an island-like semiconductor film, which is formed over an insulating surface and includes a channel formation region and a high-concentration impurity region, a tunneling insulating film formed over the island-like semiconductor film, a floating gate formed over the tunneling insulating film, a gate insulating film formed over the floating gate, a control gate formed over the gate insulating film, and a first insulating film formed between the tunneling insulating film and the floating gate. The first insulating film is formed of an oxide film of the material of the floating gate, so that the material of the floating gate is prevented from diffusing into the tunneling insulating film.
US08319266B1
A memory device and a method of making the memory device are provided. A first dielectric layer is formed on a substrate, a floating gate is formed on the first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer is formed on the floating gate, a control gate is formed on the second dielectric layer, and at least one film, including a conformal film, is formed over a surface of the memory device.
US08319265B2
A semiconductor memory array includes a first nonvolatile memory cell having a first charge storage layer and a first gate electrode and a second nonvolatile memory cell, adjacent to the first memory cell in a first direction, having a second charge storage layer and a second gate electrode. The first and second electrodes extend in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the first electrode has a first contact section extending toward the second electrode in the first direction, and the second electrode has a second contact section extending toward the first electrode in the first direction. The first and second contact positions are shifted in the second direction, respectively, and the first electrode and the first contact section are electrically separated from the second electrode and the second contact section.
US08319262B2
A CMOS image sensor is disclosed. The CMOS imager includes a lightly doped semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type. At least one CMOS pixel of a second conductivity type is formed in the semiconductor substrate. The semiconductor substrate is configured to receive a bias voltage applied for substantially depleting the semiconductor substrate and for forming a depletion edge within the semiconductor substrate. A well of the second conductivity type substantially surrounds the at least one CMOS pixel to form a depletion region about the at least one CMOS pixel operable to form a minimum predetermined barrier to the depletion edge within the semiconductor substrate to pinch off substrate bias in proximity to the return contact.
US08319258B2
An ESD clamping device comprises a plurality of fingers each comprising a source region of first conductivity type formed in a substrate of second conductivity type, a drain region of said first conductivity type formed in the substrate, and a gate formed over the substrate and between the source and drain regions. At least one of the fingers each has an ESD implantation region formed in the substrate and partially underlying the drain region of the finger, the ESD implantation region being a heavily doped region of said second conductivity type. Furthermore, at least one of the fingers has a gate extension portion projecting from the gate and demarcating an additional region in at least the drain region of the finger, the additional region of said second conductivity type being electrically connected to at least one of the gate and the substrate of each of the fingers.
US08319250B2
A radiation-emitting semiconductor chip (1) is provided, which comprises a carrier (5), a semiconductor body (2) with a semiconductor layer sequence, a first contact (35) and a second contact (36). The semiconductor layer sequence comprises an active region (20) provided for generating radiation, which is arranged between a first semiconductor layer (21) and a second semiconductor layer (22). The carrier (5) comprises a major surface (51) facing the semiconductor body (2). The first semiconductor layer (21) is arranged on the side of the active region (20) facing the major surface (51) of the carrier (5) and is electrically contactable by means of the first contact (35). The second semiconductor layer (22) is electrically contactable by means of the second contact (36). A protection diode (4) is formed in a current path extending between the first contact (35) and the second contact (36) through the carrier (5).
US08319241B2
Provided is a light emitting device. The light emitting device includes a first conductive type semiconductor layer, an active layer on the first conductive type semiconductor layer, a second conductive type semiconductor layer on the active layer, an undoped semiconductor layer disposed on the second conductive type semiconductor layer and comprising a plurality of first holes, and a third conductive type semiconductor layer disposed on the undoped semiconductor layer and comprising a plurality of second holes.
US08319237B2
An integrated optical receiver architecture may be used to couple light between a multi-mode fiber (MMF) and silicon chip which includes integration of a silicon de-multiplexer and a high-speed Ge photo-detector. The proposed architecture may be used for both parallel and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) based optical links with a data rate of 25 Gb/s and beyond.
US08319235B2
A nitride semiconductor light-emitting device including a coating film and a reflectance control film successively formed on a light-emitting portion, in which the light-emitting portion is formed of a nitride semiconductor, the coating film is formed of an aluminum oxynitride film or an aluminum nitride film, and the reflectance control film is formed of an oxide film, as well as a method of manufacturing the nitride semiconductor light-emitting device are provided.
US08319227B2
A light emitting device (LED) is provided. The LED comprises a first conductivity type semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second conductivity type semiconductor layer. The active layer is on the first conductivity type semiconductor layer. The second conductivity type semiconductor layer is on at least one side of the active layer and the first conductivity type semiconductor layer, and on the active layer.
US08319221B2
An organic light-emitting display apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed. The organic light-emitting display apparatus includes: an active layer formed on a substrate, a gate electrode including: a first gate electrode layer insulated from the active layer and including a semi-transmissive conductive material, a second gate electrode layer formed on the first gate electrode layer configured to protect the first gate electrode layer, a third gate electrode layer formed on the second gate electrode layer and including a transparent conductive material, and a fourth gate electrode layer formed on the third gate electrode layer and including a conductive material, a pixel electrode including: a first electrode layer formed in the same layer level as the first gate electrode layer and including a semi-transmissive conductive material, a second electrode layer formed on the first electrode layer configured to protect the first electrode layer, a third electrode layer formed on the second electrode layer and including a transparent conductive material, and a fourth electrode layer formed on the third electrode layer and including a conductive material, source and drain electrodes insulated from the gate electrode and electrically connected to the active layer and the pixel electrode, an intermediate layer formed on the pixel electrode and including an organic light-emitting layer, and an opposite electrode formed on the intermediate layer.
US08319216B2
It is disclosed that a semiconductor device includes an oxide semiconductor layer provided over a gate insulating layer, a source electrode layer, and a drain electrode layer, in which a thickness of the gate insulating layer located in a region between the source electrode layer and the drain electrode layer is smaller than a thickness of the gate insulating layer provided between the gate electrode layer and at least one of the source electrode layer and the drain electrode layer.
US08319213B2
Light emitting devices are described which incorporate, as the light emitting element, a dendrimer of which the constituent dendrons include a conjugated dendritic structure comprising aryl and/or heteroaryl groups connected to each other via bonds between sp2 hybridised ring atoms of said aryl or heteroaryl groups.
US08319212B2
The present invention provides a light-emitting element and a light-emitting device which have high contrast, and specifically, provides a light-emitting device whose contrast is enhanced, not by using a polarizing plate but using a conventional electrode material. Reflection of external light is suppressed by provision of a light-absorbing layer included between a non-light-transmitting electrode and a light-emitting layer. As the light-absorbing layer, a layer is used, which is obtained by adding a halogen atom into a layer including an organic compound and a metal oxide. Further, the light-absorbing layer is formed also over a region in which a thin film transistor for driving a light-emitting element is formed, a region in which a wiring is formed, and the like, and thus light is extracted from the side opposite to the region in which the TFT is formed, thereby reducing reflection of external light.
US08319211B2
It is an object of the present invention to provide an organic light-emitting device which can emit white light by easily controlling dopant concentrations. The organic light-emitting device has a first electrode (112) and second electrode (111) which hold a light-emitting layer (113) in-between, wherein the light-emitting layer contains a host material (104), red-light-emitting dopant (105), green-light-emitting dopant (106) and blue-light-emitting dopant (107), the red-light-emitting dopant containing a first functional group for transferring the dopant toward the first electrode and the green-light-emitting dopant containing a second functional group for transferring the dopant toward the second electrode.
US08319209B2
An organic electroluminescent device includes a substrate; a plurality of light-emitting elements disposed on the substrate and including first transparent electrodes, a second transparent electrode, and light-emitting layers held therebetween; reflective layers disposed opposite the light-emitting layers with the first electrodes therebetween; a first insulating film disposed between the substrate and the reflective layers and formed of an organic material; and a second insulating film disposed between the first electrodes and the reflective layers so as to cover the reflective layers and the first insulating film. The second insulating film has a first through-hole at a position not overlapping the first electrodes in plan view. The first through-hole extends through the second insulating film to reach the first insulating film.
US08319194B2
The mass spectrometer includes an ion source; a mass spectrometry part; a sample container; a heater for the sample container; a first gas tube connected to the sample container to introduce a gas into the sample container; and a second gas tube connected to the sample container to transfer a headspace gas of the sample container to the ion source, in which the ion source generates ions of the headspace gas and the mass spectrometry part performs mass spectrometry of the ions.Thereby, the mass spectrometer as a drug detection equipment can analyze various drugs in urine rapidly and with high sensitivity.
US08319193B2
Provided is a charged particle beam apparatus, which can emit a stable electron beam, having high brightness and a narrow energy width. The charged particle beam apparatus comprises a field emission electron source, electrodes for applying an electric field to the field emission electron source, and a vacuum exhaust unit for keeping the pressure around the field emission electron source at 1 10−8 Pa or less. The apparatus is so constituted as to use such one of the electron beams emitted as has an electron-beam-center radiation angle of 1×10−2sr or less, and to use the electric current thereof, the second order differentiation of which is negative or zero with respect to the time, and which reduces at a rate of 10% or less per hour. The charged particle beam apparatus further comprises a heating unit for the field emission electron source, and a detection unit for the electric current of the electron beam. The field emission electron source is repeatedly heated to keep the electric current of the electron beam to be emitted, at a predetermined value or higher.
US08319188B2
A portable gamma-ray detector for indicating the intensity of a source of gamma-rays, the nature of the source, and the direction to the source relative to an axis of the detector. The detector comprises a plurality of scintillation bodies arranged around the pointing axis, for example four scintillation bodies in a two-by-two array and separated from each other by aluminum foil. Thus gamma-rays from different directions are shielded from different ones of the scintillation bodies by the other scintillation bodies. The scintillation bodies are coupled to respective photo-detectors and a processing circuit is configured to receive output signals from the photo-detectors and to provide an indication of the direction to a source relative to the pointing axis of the detector based on the relative output signals from the different photo-detectors. The processing circuit is further operable to determine the intensity of the source from the magnitudes of the output signals, and the nature of the source from a spectral analysis of the output signals.
US08319176B2
An improved sample chamber for laser assisted spectroscopy integrates valve mechanisms into the sample drawer, permitting the sample chamber to automatically bypass, purge and resume flow as the sample drawer is opened and closed to insert samples for processing. Integrating valve mechanisms into the sample drawer in this manner eliminates the need for external valves to be operated to bypass, purge and resume flow, thereby increasing system throughput and reducing system complexity.
US08319173B2
An method for automatically testing an arc flash detection system by periodically or continually transmitting electro-optical (EO) radiation through one or more transmission cables electro-optically coupled to respective EO radiation collectors. A test EO signal may pass through the EO radiation collector to be received by an EO sensor. An attenuation of the EO signal may be determined by comparing the intensity of the transmitted EO signal to an intensity of the received EO signal. A self-test failure may be detected if the attenuation exceeds a threshold. EO signals may be transmitted according to a particular pattern (e.g., a coded signal) to allow an arc flash detection system to distinguish the test EO radiation from EO radiation indicative of an arc flash event.
US08319162B2
A spin-stabilized projectile has its course controlled by counter rotation of an internal mass about a longitudinal axis of the projectile. The internal mass may be a boom within a cavity of an external body of the projectile. The internal mass may be tiltable relative to the hull, and may be configured to counter rotate relative to the hull about the axis of the hull. The counter-rotation may keep the boom in a substantially same orientation relative to the (non-spinning) environment outside of the projectile. The positioning of the boom or other weight within the projectile thus may be used to steer the projectile, by providing an angle of attack to the projectile hull. A magnetic system may be used to counter rotate the boom or other weight. The projectile may have a laser guidance system to aid in steering the projectile toward a desired aim point.
US08319161B2
The present invention concerns a method and a device for uniformly heating a sample by microwave radiation. According to the invention, at least one stirring element is immersed at least partly in a sample to be heated, said stirring element comprising a magnetic or magnetisable material. A rotating or oscillating magnetic field interacting with said stirring element is generated in a cavity adapted to receive the sample to be heated in order to impart a rotational or translational movement to said stirring element. The rotational or translational movement of said stirring element is contactlessly detected while applying microwave radiation to said sample.
US08319152B2
A hair cutting head, for use in a hair cutting apparatus having an elongated heated wire suitable for heating hair growing from a skin surface, and at least one blade placed at one side of the elongated heated wire, the blade being configured to cut the hair which has been heated by the heated wire. The wire is heated to a temperature of at least 50° C.
US08319150B2
A continuous motion laser shock peening apparatus and method for laser shock peening a workpiece. A laser controller modulates and fires a laser beam from a laser unit. A motion controller is controllably connected to a manipulator and to the laser controller to fire the laser beam based on axis position feedback from a speed control of the motion controller. The laser controller has a standby mode for flashing a laser flash lamp at a flash rate without triggering the laser beam and a firing mode that triggers and fires the laser beam in laser beam pulses. The laser controller includes a synchronizing means for synchronizing a triggering signal provided to the laser interface controller by the computerized motion controller to fire the laser beam pulses and the flash rate substantially at a time when the laser beam pulses are to be generated.
US08319147B2
There is provided a laser machining method and a laser machining apparatus whose machining accuracy and quality excel without lowering machining efficiency. One hole is machined by a split beam that is a first pulsed laser beam and another split beam that is a second pulsed laser beam whose irradiation position is determined based on irradiation position of the first laser beam. In this case, the machining quality may be improved by machining the circular hole by equalizing circling directions and angular velocity of the split beams. A beam splitter splits a laser beam outputted out of one laser oscillator into the split beams and AOMs can time-share them.
US08319140B2
A spot welding gun for resistance welding of workpieces, includes a base body and a bracket, in which electrode holders are arranged, the electrodes being in turn arranged in the holders. At least one electrode holder is fixed to an actuator that enables the electrode holder fixed thereto with the electrode to be displaced in longitudinal direction towards other electrodes. To protect the electrodes, a winding device with a band is arranged, the band being displaceably arranged between the contact surface of the electrode and the workpiece opposite the electrode. The winding device assigned to the displaceable electrode is connected to the displaceable electrode so that it moves at the same time as the electrode when the electrode is moved in longitudinal direction. The electrode holders and the electrodes have devices for guiding the band from the winding device axially along the electrode holders towards the electrode and vice versa.
US08319139B2
A bore welding mechanism comprising a casing having spindle bushings rotationally and axially supporting a rotatable and axially translatable spindle for supporting a bore repair mechanism in alignment with a bore. The spindle has an axially extending keyway and a worm gear thread extending for at least a part of a length of the spindle. A spindle drive gear is coupled to the spindle by a drive key engaging with the keyway of the spindle so that the spindle is rotationally fixed to the spindle drive gear and axially translatable with respect to the spindle drive gear. A drive shaft extends through the casing, transversely to and offset from an axis of the spindle, and includes a drive shaft worm gear rotationally fixed to the drive shaft. The worm gear engages with the spindle drive gear to rotate the spindle drive gear and the spindle due to rotation of the drive shaft.
US08319132B2
A load interrupter, especially to be mounted on a busbar includes a housing and a cover that is hinged thereto, a snap switch mechanism for establishing or interrupting an electrical connection between corresponding contacts. A control lever for switching between a current-carrying operation and a current interrupting operation, and a control mechanism which, depending on the position of the control lever, releases or blocks a release element for a displacement. The release element being coupled to a locking device which is arranged in such a manner that it can be engaged with or disengaged from the cover.
US08319129B2
A keyboard having a backlight function, the keyboard includes a key top having a light permeating region, the key top being where one end of a link member is provided; a membrane sheet having a contact, the contact being conductive when the key top is pushed; a support panel made of metal, the support panel being where another end of the link member is provided; and a light guide plate where a light is guided from a light source. The key top, the membrane sheet, the support panel, and the light guide plate are stacked from a top side; the light guide plate is formed of a member having an elasticity higher than an elasticity of the support panel; and a part of an external edge part of the light guide plate, seen from the top side, projects outside the support panel.
US08319127B2
An electronic apparatus includes an operation member which includes an operation portion, a substrate which includes a switch detecting pattern and a ground pattern, and a sheet member which is disposed between the operation member and the substrate and provided with a metal piece for causing the switch detecting pattern to be electrically continuous to the ground pattern according to an operation to the operation portion, wherein the metal piece is in contact with the ground pattern, and the sheet member covers the metal piece with an insulating member in such a manner that at least a part of a surface of the metal piece is exposed.
US08319125B2
A pedal input device includes a base plate; a rotation center portion provided at the center of the base plate; a contacting plate having a yaw switch contacting portion protruding downwards from lower surface of the contacting plate; a pedal plate carried by the contacting plate and foot-operated so as to cause a drive member to make three-degree-of-freedom movement; a pair of pitch switches installed on the base plate in an opposing relationship with each other; a pair of roll switches installed on the base plate in an perpendicular relationship to the pitch switches so that the roll switches can be alternately contacted to the contacting plate of the pedal plate; and a pair of yaw switches installed on the base plate in an spaced-apart relationship with each other so that the yaw switches can be alternately contacted to the yaw switch contacting portion as the pedal plate rotates.
US08319124B1
A liquid activated switch apparatus that is adapted to be connected to at least on electric circuit can be used to turn on and off said electric circuit based on the amount of liquid accumulated in the apparatus. The apparatus includes a container adapted to receive liquid such as water or rain. Inside the container, there are two electrically conductive members with the first member attached to the container and the second member to a floating body. The floating body is designed and configured such that the floating body will start floating once liquid accumulated inside the container reaches certain predetermined level or a threshold. The floating body will float and rise along with the rising liquid level beyond the threshold thus displacing the second electrically conductive member that is attached to it causing two electrically conductive members to change connectivity; from electrically connected to disconnected or vice versa. When liquid level recedes below the threshold, the connectivity of two electrically conductive members will revert to their original position.
US08319119B2
The present disclosure relates to a frame section for a window or casement frame of a window, door or facade. The frame section includes an undercut cable groove, which is situated on the outer periphery of the frame section and is designed to hold an electric cable including two or more electric conductors in a positive fit. The frame section has a centering frame for the cable, which can be placed over the cable.
US08319116B2
Systems and methods for providing mechanically reinforced plated through-holes (PTH) in PCBs, which advantageously allow improved soldering capabilities and reliability, are described herein. Such systems and methods are achieved by reducing the heat sinking effects of PTHs by providing one or more vias surrounding the PTHs to provide an electrical connection between the PTH and the internal and bottom conductive layers of a PCB. In this regard, the PTHs are spaced apart from at least one of the internal conductive layers (e.g., ground or power layers), so the heat sinking effects are reduced. This feature enables molten solder to substantially fill the entire PTH before freezing, thereby improving the mechanical and electrical connection between an electrical component and the PCB. One or more electrically-nonfunctional lands (or “rib reinforcements”) are provided in internal conductive layers to mechanically support the walls of the PCB. These rib reinforcements improve the mechanical strength of the PTHs without affecting the electrical performance and without impacting the ability to solder components to the PCB.
US08319106B2
A carrying device for busbars, having at least one holding device to be fixed on a base unit. The device has a receiving opening for feeding through at least one busbar, and a clamping device for fixing the same. Expanded installation possibilities of busbars result if there is a receiving part that is inserted, or that can be inserted, in the receiving opening. The part can have at least one recess that is adjusted to the cross-section of a busbar, and the respective busbar can be selectively disposed in the holding device in at least two installation positions pivoted about the longitudinal axes thereof, by the receiving part.
US08319105B2
In a method of manufacturing a copper clad aluminum channel superconductive conductor, an electrically conductive wire comprising a metal or alloy core is formed with a longitudinally extending groove in a surface thereof. A wire made of a material that exhibits superconducting properties within a defined temperature range is soldered into the groove.
US08319094B2
The present invention provides a solar cell pre-lamination assembly comprising a terionomer multilayer film or sheet and solar cell modules prepared therefrom.
US08319092B1
A nano power cell and method of use are described wherein the nano power cell absorbs electromagnetic energy is nano particles in an optical fluid that flow in microchannels of the nano power cell.
US08319091B2
The present invention teaches a solar cell, a solar module, a solar array, a network of solar arrays, and also a solar power grid suitable for providing power for industrial, residential and transportation use. A solar cell or solar module including a plurality of solar cells can be made in a structure configured to have the appearance of natural foliage. Accordingly, a solar array including a plurality of solar modules each including at least one solar cell can be made to resemble a palm tree, a deciduous tree, an evergreen tree, or other type of natural foliage. A network of solar arrays can be made to resemble a row or grove of palm trees, and thus meet the functional and aesthetic demands of landscape architecture. The network of solar arrays can extend for many miles alongside roads, highways, railways, pipelines, or canals, and can further include means for storing and transmitting electric power. In particular, a network of solar arrays can be in communication with recharging stations for use by electric and hybrid transportation vehicles. Accordingly, a network of solar arrays can form at least a portion of a solar power grid.
US08319089B2
This invention provides an oscillatory, magnetically-activated position sensor. Magnetic flux linkages between a magnet and an inductor having a magnetic core modulate the core permeability, and thus inductance, responsive to mechanical position. An electronic oscillator comprises the inductor as part of a tank circuit. The amplitude and frequency of the oscillator is therefore responsive to mechanical position. Circuitry for generating a sensor output signal responsive to oscillator amplitude, and thus to mechanical position is provided. Matrix operation of sensors is taught.A key position sensor for a musical instrument clavier is taught. A clavier key comprising plural inventive sensors invention is taught. A touch adjusting mechanism for a clavier key comprising inventive sensors is provided. A clavier piston comprising a sensor according to this invention is provided. A stop action magnet comprising a sensor according to this invention is provided.
US08319087B2
Methods and systems for generating playlists of media items with audio data are disclosed. Based on two received feature sets, media items corresponding to each feature set are identified. Transition characteristics are also received. Based on the identified media items and transition characteristics, a dynamic playlist is generated that transitions from media items having characteristics of the first feature set to media items having characteristics of the second feature set. Each time the playlist is generated, it may include a different set of media items.
US08319086B1
Methods and apparatus provide for a clip-beat aligner that identifies musical beats in an audio file. An editing mode is provided to associate the audio file with a media segment according to a timeline. The clip-beat aligner aligns a boundary of the media segment with a musical beat on the timeline. Upon performing an editing operation, the clip-beat aligner maintains that the boundary of the media segment is aligned with any one of the musical beats. To align a boundary of each media segment with a musical beat, the clip-beat aligner identifies a musical beat that is proximate to the position of the media segment's boundary. The clip-beat aligner then aligns the media segment's boundary with the proximate musical beat by, if necessary, automatically trimming the media segment's duration such that the media segment's boundary occurs at the same moment in time as the proximate musical beat.
US08319082B1
A stringed instrument keyboard consists of a plate secured above a fingerboard of an instrument with multiple keys uniquely arranged on that plate. Each key consists of a rectangular key top, a key shaft extending downward from the key top through an access hole in the plate toward the fingerboard, and a key tip attached to the opposite end of the key shaft suitable for depressing an instrument string against a particular fret on the fingerboard. Pressing the key top causes the associated key tip to apply pressure to the string beneath that key in an opportune position to hold the string against an adjacent fret. Thumb levers may be used to depress certain keys. The keyboard facilitates learning how to play a stringed instrument, by simplifying the manipulation required to hold strings in appropriate positions and minimizing the pain associated with holding strings with finger tips.
US08319081B1
This invention is a combination stringed musical instrument like a banjo, bass, and guitar. The invention can be either acoustic or electric. A combination banjo, bass, and guitar and method of playing is provided in which the sixth string is set as a bass string, the fifth string is setup as a banjo fifth string, and the remaining four strings are configured as guitar strings which can be plucked substantially simultaneously by a player, resulting in the simultaneous playing of banjo, bass, and guitar by a single player. Various combinations of string diameters for each part of the combination are disclosed along with options for using a capo or “tunneling” the fifth string at the fifth fret.
US08319071B2
According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the corn variety designated CV353100. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety CV353100, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety CV353100 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. The invention further relates to corn seeds and plants produced by crossing plants of variety CV353100 with plants of another variety, such as another inbred line. The invention further relates to the inbred and hybrid genetic complements of plants of variety CV353100.
US08319070B2
According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the corn variety designated CV385683. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety CV385683, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety CV385683 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. The invention further relates to corn seeds and plants produced by crossing plants of variety CV385683 with plants of another variety, such as another inbred line. The invention further relates to the inbred and hybrid genetic complements of plants of variety CV385683.
US08319061B2
According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the corn variety designated CV669244. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety CV669244, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety CV669244 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. The invention further relates to corn seeds and plants produced by crossing plants of variety CV669244 with plants of another variety, such as another inbred line. The invention further relates to the inbred and hybrid genetic complements of plants of variety CV669244.
US08319048B2
According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the hybrid corn variety designated CH639732. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety CH639732, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety CH639732 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. The invention further relates to genetic complements of plants of variety CH639732.
US08319027B2
A soybean cultivar designated S080190 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar S080190, to the plants of soybean S080190, to plant parts of soybean cultivar S080190, and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean cultivar S080190 with itself or with another soybean variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean cultivars, or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean variety S080190, to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar S080190, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing the cultivar S080190 with another soybean cultivar.
US08319018B2
A genetic system for controlling the type of floral development of a dicotyledon plant, includes the combination of two genetic control elements, respectively: a first genetic control element (A/a) present in a dicotyledon plant, in the form of a dominant allele (A), and a recessive allele (a), and a second genetic control element (G/g) present in a dicotyledon plant, in the form of a dominant allele (G), and a recessive allele (g), provided that the first genetic control element has been artificially inserted into the dicotyledon plant. This system enables the sex of the flowers of dicotyledon plants to be controlled and/or modified.
US08319012B2
According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the hybrid corn variety designated CH337710. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety CH337710, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety CH337710 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. The invention further relates to genetic complements of plants of variety CH337710.
US08318999B2
A process is disclosed for making styrene or ethylbenzene by reacting toluene with a C1 source that is selected from the group consisting of methanol, formaldehyde, formalin, trioxane, methylformcel, paraformaldehyde, methylal, and combinations thereof.
US08318992B2
A process is disclosed for making CF3CF2CH3, CF3CF═CH2 and/or CF3CCl═CH2. The process involves reacting at least one starting material selected from the group consisting of halopropanes of the formula CX3CH2CH2X, halopropenes of the formula CX3CH═CH2 and halopropenes of the formula CX2═CHCH2X, wherein each X is independently F or Cl, with HF and Cl2 in a reaction zone to produce a product mixture comprising HF, HCl, CF3CF2CH3, CF3CF═CH2, and CF3CCl═CH2; and recovering the CF3CF2CH3, CF3CF═CH2 and/or CF3CCl═CH2 from the product mixture. Also disclosed is a process for making CF3CH2CHF2, CF3CH═CHF, and/or CF3CH═CHCl. This process involves reacting at least one starting material selected from the group consisting of halopropenes of the formula CX3CH═CH2 and halopropenes of the formula CX2═CHCH2X, wherein each X is independently F or Cl, with HF and Cl2 in a reaction zone to produce a product mixture comprising HF, HCl, CF3CH2CHF2, CF3CH═CHF and CF3CH═CHCl; and recovering the CF3CH2CHF2, CF3CH═CHF, and/or CF3CH═CHCl from the product mixture. The molar ratio of HF to the total amount of starting materials fed to the reaction zone for both of these processes is at least stoichiometric, and the molar ratio of Cl2 to total amount of starting material fed to the reaction zone for both of these processes is 2:1 or less.
US08318990B2
A subject for the invention is to provide a process of producing a dimeric alcohol in high yield with high selectivity by the Guerbet reaction conducted using an alcohol having 4 or less carbon atoms as a starting material in the presence of a complex including a transition metal and of a base. The invention relates to a process of producing an alcohol which includes dimerizing a starting-material alcohol having 4 or less carbon atoms in an environment having a partial hydrogen pressure of 0.1 MPa or higher.
US08318975B2
The present invention provides a method for producing a phenylalanine derivative(s) having a quinazolinedione ring of formula (5), including steps comprising of reacting an acylphenylalanine derivative(s) of formula (1) with a carbonyl group-introducing reagent(s) and a derivative(s) of anthranilic acid to form an asymmetric urea intermediate(s); making the asymmetric urea intermediate(s) into a quinazolinedione compound(s) of formula (4) in the presence of a base(s); and N-alkylating quinazolinedione ring amide of the obtained quinazolinedione compounds with N-alkylation agents. This production method is an industrially applicable method for producing phenylalanine derivatives having a quinazolinedione skeleton, which are compounds highly useful as drugs having α 4 integrin inhibiting activity. In the formulae (1) and (5), R1 represents a phenyl group having a substituent(s) and the like, R2 represents an alkyl group and the like, R3 represents a dialkylamino group and the like, and R4 represents an alkyl group and the like.
US08318974B2
One embodiment of the present invention discloses a drying agent having the formula: [Mg2(BTEC)(H2O)m].nH2O, where m denotes zero or positive integer from 1 to 10, and n denotes zero or positive integer from 1 to 6. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for forming a drying agent.
US08318971B2
The invention relates to a process for preparing methylenediphenyl diisocyanates which comprises at least the steps: A) reaction of aniline with formaldehyde in the presence of hydrochloric acid as catalyst to give a mixture of diamines and polyamines of the diphenylmethane series (MDA) and subsequent at least partial neutralization of the hydrochloric acid by means of alkali metal hydroxide, B) reaction of the mixture of diamines and polyamines of the diphenylmethane series obtained in step A) with phosgene to give a mixture of diisocyanates and polyisocyanates of the diphenylmethane series (MDI) and hydrogen chloride, wherein C) the hydrochloric acid which has been neutralized in step A) is separated off in the form of a solution containing alkali metal chloride and is subsequently at least partly fed to an electrochemical oxidation to form chlorine, alkali metal hydroxide and optionally hydrogen and D) at least part of the chlorine produced in step C) is used for preparing the phosgene used in step B).
US08318967B2
The present invention provides a polysilane-supported transition metal catalysts or a polysilane/inorganic compound-supported transition metal catalysts, wherein various types of transition metals are supported by polysilane compounds, or combination of polysilanes and inorganic compounds. The catalysts of the present invention are hardly soluble in hydrocarbons and alcohols and are useful as catalysts in heterogeneous system for various organic synthetic reactions using the above solvents. Polysilanes supporting transition metals are easily crosslinkable by thermal treatment, microwave irradiation, UV irradiation or chemical methods such as hydrosilylation reaction and are changed to be insoluble in various solvents keeping high catalytic activity. Moreover, the stability and operability of polysilane-supported transition metal catalysts will be improved by the support thereof on inorganic compounds. These polysilane-supported transition metal catalysts show a high catalytic activity in hydrogenation reaction, hydrosilylation reaction, Heck reaction, Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions and the like. The catalyst is easily recoverable and reusable and the leakage of metals is extremely few.
US08318965B2
The present invention provides ruthenium compounds of the formula The compounds of the invention occur in the form of two isomers: trans and cis. The method of production of the compounds according to the invention is based on reacting an intermediate of formula (5) with a carbene complex of ruthenium. The invention also relates to the use of the compounds according to the invention for carrying out metathesis reactions.
US08318963B2
Systems and methods for extracting lipids of varying polarities from oleaginous material.
US08318954B2
The invention includes novel compounds, including but not limited to formula A and formula B, and an improved delivery method. These compounds and methods are useful in preventing or treating diseases or conditions associated with or caused by the presence of free radicals, and are useful for increasing cellular metabolism while simultaneously alleviating the resultant increase in oxidative stress. Specifically, a carnitine is bound to a lipoic acid derivative or to dihydrolipoic acid or its derivatives using a hydrolysable linker to form a single compound.
US08318951B2
The present invention relates to screens for compounds that can induce stem cell differentiation. In addition, isoxazoles and sulfonyl hydrazones are identified as general classes of compounds that can induce differentiation of stem cells into cells of neuronal and cardiac fate, respectively.
US08318946B2
2-Substituted-5-(1-alkylthio)alkylpyridines are produced efficiently and in high yield.
US08318944B2
Compounds of the formula Ia***** in which the substituents have the definitions provided in the specification, are novel, effective PDE4 inhibitors.
US08318942B2
A process for producing a Donepezil derivative represented by the formula (I), wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 each independently represents H, F, an alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R5 represents a phenyl or a substituted phenyl; and n is an integer from 0 to 2, characterized in that the process comprises: (a) a reaction of 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde with a compound of formula (II) in the presence of a strong acid HX to form a compound of formula (III); (b) a catalytic hydrogenation of a compound of formula (III) or a compound of formula (V) to yield a compound of formula (IV); and (c) an alkylation reaction of a compound of formula (IV) to yield a compound of formula (I).
US08318937B2
A process for preparing a compound of formula (A), (B) or (C): wherein P is H, CH3 or a hydroxyl protecting group; X is O, a protected ketone, OH, a protected hydroxyl group or H; Y is OH, a protected hydroxyl group or H; W is C(CH3)2OH, C(CH3)(C(CH3)3)OH or COCH3; Z is C2-C10 alkyl or C2-C10 arylalkyl; and is a single bond or a double bond, is disclosed. The process is a reductive alkylation in the presence of hydrogen and a reductive alkylation catalyst.
US08318933B2
The present invention relates to an improved process for preparing Rosuvastatin calcium of Formula I.
US08318929B2
The present invention relates to compounds of Formula (Ia) or (Ib), the N-oxide forms, pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts, quaternary amines, stereoisomers, tautomers, racemics, metabolites, prodrugs, hydrates, or solvates thereof, wherein Y1, m, n, R1; X1; X2; R2; X3; X4; R3; and R4 have the meaning defined in the claims. The present invention also relates to processes for preparing said compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in therapy. The invention particularly relates to compounds that are kinase inhibitors useful for the treatment of disease states mediated by kinase, especially PLK4, in particular such compounds that are useful in the treatment of pathological processes which involve an aberrant cellular proliferation, such as tumor growth, rheumatoid arthritis, restenosis and atherosclerosis.
US08318926B2
The invention relates to isolated anti-microRNA molecules. In another embodiment, the invention relates to an isolated microRNA molecule. In yet another embodiment, the invention provides a method for inhibiting microRNP activity in a cell.
US08318920B2
Methods are described for improvement of the serum half life of therapeutic nucleic acids by 3′ conjugation to useful target proteins, or other large molecules with useful function. In one embodiment, a 3′ A, C or G overhang is added to ds-DNA and the primary amines conjugated using biocompatible bifunctional linkers to proteins. The resulting nucleic acid-3′-conjugates are serum nuclease-resistant and retained in vivo for long periods without rapid kidney clearance. Further, the choice of conjugate imparts additional functionality to the nucleic acid-3-conjugate.
US08318913B2
A method for producing chitosan from naturally occurring chitin-containing raw material, such as crustacean shells, includes an optional pretreatment step to remove non-chitin rich organic material for example, shrimp flesh, from the raw material, e.g., shrimp shells. The optional pretreatment is followed by a demineralization step utilizing a mild hydrochloric acid solution and a deproteination step utilizing a mild sodium hydroxide solution. The deproteination step is followed by a deacetylation step to remove the acetyl group from N-acetylglucosamine (chitin) to form an amine group, yielding d-glucosamine (chitosan). Each step is followed by a washing step and the product is dried, preferably at a temperature not in excess of about 65° C. Known purification and grinding steps may also be used to produce the final chitosan product. The process is carried out in equipment comprising a series of substantially identical or similar tanks (18, 26, 36, etc.) and dryers (62, 62′), suitably interconnected.
US08318907B2
The present application relates to a variant Fc region comprising at least one modification relative to a wild-type human Fc region, where the modification selected from the group consisting of 434S, 252Y/428L, 252Y/434S, and 428L/434S, and the numbering is according to the EU index.
US08318901B2
Compositions and methods for the therapy and diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), including Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis, are disclosed. Illustrative compositions comprise one or more bacterial polypeptides, immunogenic portions thereof, polynucleotides that encode such polypeptides, antigen presenting cell that expresses such polypeptides, and T cells that are specific for cells expressing such polypeptides. The disclosed compositions are useful, for example, in the diagnosis, prevention and/or treatment of IBD.
US08318897B2
The present invention is directed to novel polynucleotides and polypeptides directed to EXP1 of Plasmodium vivax, and methods of using these polynucleotides and polypeptides in the detection of P. vivax antibodies or anti-P. vivax antibodies in a subject. The invention finds particular useful application in identifying recent exposure to P. vivax.
US08318887B2
Disclosed is a process of preparing a moulded article, comprising 1) hydrolyzing a) at least one silane having one non-hydrolysable organic group, and b) at least one compound selected from b1) a silane having two non-hydrolysable organic groups, and b2) a hydrolysable polysiloxane, or a mixture thereof, and c) optionally at least one silane having no non-hydrolysable organic group, to prepare a composite composition comprising a hydrolysate or condensate, 2) placing the composite composition in a mould, 3) curing the composite composition to increase the degree of condensation, 4) removing the moulded article from the mould, and 5) heat treating the moulded article at a temperature of at least 100° C. The moulded article is preferably an optical lens which may be used for automobile headlights.
US08318885B2
A curable resin composition which is easily cured by heating or ultraviolet irradiation and capable of forming a thick cured film due to low shrinkage. This curable resin composition enables to obtain a cured product satisfying various characteristics such as heat resistance, chemical resistance, high surface hardness and high refractive index. Also disclosed is a cured product obtained from such a composition. Specifically disclosed is a curable resin composition containing at least one substance selected from the group consisting of condensates (A) obtained by hydrolyzing and condensing a thiol group-containing alkoxysilane (a1) represented by the following general formula: R1Si(OR2)3 (1) (wherein, R1 represents a hydrocarbon group having at least one thiol group and 1-8 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having at least one thiol group, and R2 represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1-8 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group), compounds (B) having an epoxy group, compounds (C) having an isocyanate group and compounds (D) having a carbon-carbon double bond.
US08318880B2
The invention relates to anionically modified copolymers that can be produced by the polymerization of monomers (A), (B) and (C) to obtain non-ionic polymers with reactive terminal OH groups and by the subsequent reaction of the terminal OH groups to form anionic end groups. According to the invention, (A) is a monomer of formula (I), in which A represents C2-C4 alkene and B represents a C2-C4 alkene that is different from A, R represents hydrogen or methyl, m is a number between 1 and 500, n is a number between 1 and 500, (B) is an ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing an aromatic group and (C) is a ethylenically unsaturated monomer.
US08318879B2
The invention relates to soliconorganocopolymers with high silicon content, with a silicon content of ≧25 wt. % in form of a high solid content solution thereof, with a solid content of >30 wt. %, obtainable with radically initiated solution polymerization of a) 20 to 75 wt. % of one or more ethylenic unsaturated monomers, and b) 25 to 80 wt. % of one or more silicones of the general formula R1aR3−aSiO(SiR2O)nSiR3−aR1a, wherein R is equal or different, and refers to a monovalent, possibly substitutes, alkyle- or alkoxy group with 1 to 18 C-atoms, R1 refers to a polymerizable group, a is 0 or 1 and n=10 to 1000, wherein 85 to 100 wt. % of the silicones b) contain one or two polymerizable groups, wherein silicones b) with only one polymerizable group only in the mixture with silicones b) with two polymerizable groups and in a weight ratio <50/50 are used, wherein the wt. %-indications for the components a) to b) refer to the whole weight of the used monomers and add up to 100 wt. %, characterized in that the polymerization is carried out in a solvent or solvent mixture, wherein silicon b) comprises a solubility of less than 5 wt. % under normal conditions.
US08318878B2
The present invention relates to a catalyst, which is an organic component with electron withdrawing substituents and to compositions with such catalyst and at least one benzoxazine component, and the use of such compositions in adhesives, sealants and coatings.
US08318863B2
Foaming polypropylene resin compositions are excellent in balance between melt tension and flowability, can give injection-molded foams having superior mechanical strength such as impact resistance, and are suited for the production of automobile parts or the like. Processes of the invention produce injection-molded foams from the compositions.A foaming polypropylene resin composition according to the present invention includes a polypropylene resin (A) and an ethylene/α-olefin having 3-10 carbon atoms copolymer (B) in a specific ratio; the ethylene/α-olefin having 3-10-carbon atoms copolymer (B) includes a higher molecular weight component (B-H) having MFR190 of 1 to 10 g/10 min and a lower molecular weight component (B-L) having MFR190 of 20 to 50 g/10 min; and the weight ratio between (B-H) and (B-L), (B-H):(B-L), is in the range of 6:4 to 2:8.
US08318861B2
This invention relates to a rubber composition capable of using in a tread rubber of a tire to improve both an initial gripping performance and a running stability of the tire as compared with those of conventional tires, and more particularly to a rubber composition formed by compounding an indene-containing C9-based resin having a softening point of 130° C.-190° C. and an indene content of 30-80 mass % into a rubber component.
US08318860B1
The invention relates to a method for the fluid-phase synthesis of a polymer formed from n monomers.
US08318859B2
An object of the present invention is to provide an antistatic pressure-sensitive adhesive composition which is excellent in antistatic property and antistatic property with time of a non-electrification-prevented adherend (subject to be protected) upon peeling, and has reduced stainability in an adherend and is excellent in adhesion reliance, and electrification preventing pressure-sensitive adhesive sheets using the same. There is provided a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition comprising an ionic liquid, and a (meth)acryl-based polymer containing, as a monomer component, 0.01 to 20% by weight of a reactive surfactant shown by the following general formula (I) as a monomer unit. [in the formula (I), R1, R2, and R3 indicate likewise or differently hydrogen or the methyl group, R4 indicates an alkylene group of 0 to 30 in carbon number (further, 0 in carbon number means that there is no R4), R5 and R6 indicate likewise or differently alkylene groups of 1 to 30 in carbon number, m indicates the number of 0 to 50 (may not be an integer), n indicates the number of 0 to 100 (may not be an integer), m+n indicates the number of 1 to 150 (may not be an integer), and X indicates hydrogen or an anionic hydrophilic group]
US08318852B2
The present invention relates to an acrylic pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprising (meth)acrylic copolymers including alkyl(meth)acrylic acid ester monomer having 2˜14 carbon atoms of alkyl group, characterized in that the gel fraction is 10˜55%, the swelling ratio is 30˜110, the weight average molecular weight of sol eluted from the final adhesive by ethyl acetate is at least 800,000, comprising low molecular weight molecule having the maximum 100,000 of weight average molecular weight by 10 ˜40 wt % of the total sol component; and the above composition show excellent durability under a high temperature and/or humidity condition, and can improve the light leakage phenomenon and provide excellent operability at the time of manufacturing polarizer by effectively providing high modulus and stress release property.
US08318850B2
Cured perfluoroelastomers that contain high levels (i.e. at least 65 phr carbon black) and 1 to 15 phr of a perfluoropolyether exhibit good resistance to explosive decompression while maintaining good sealing properties.
US08318846B2
An object of the present invention is to provide an olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer composition that has both weatherability and flexibility at low temperatures, is excellent in fluidity, and causes no stickiness even in the use at high temperatures; a process oil composition for elastomers that serves as the raw material of the thermoplastic elastomer composition and contributes to the above characteristics; and an oil-extended elastomer containing the process oil composition.The process oil composition for elastomers of the present invention has a property that, when 20 parts by weight of the process oil composition for elastomers are blended with respect to 100 parts by weight of a propylene homopolymer, the melting point of the propylene homopolymer is lowered by 2 to 4.5° C. compared to that of the propylene homopolymer without blending. The process oil composition for elastomers is a mixture of a purified mineral oil and a synthetic oil obtained by polymerizing (an) olefinic monomer(s), wherein the ratio of the purified mineral oil to the synthetic oil is preferably 40/60 to 80/20.
US08318838B2
A method for making a polymer composite comprises mixing, a thermosetting polymer precursor, and 0.01 to 30 wt % of a derivatized nanoparticle based on the total weight of the polymer composite, the derivatized nanoparticle including functional groups comprising carboxy, epoxy, ether, ketone, amine, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl, lactone, functionalized polymeric or oligomeric groups, or a combination comprising at least one of the forgoing functional groups.
US08318826B2
Polyether polyols are initiated with orthocyclohexanediamines such as 1,2-diaminocyclohexane. The polyols are useful in making rigid polyurethane foams, especially foams for pour-in-place applications, where they give a good combination of low k-factor and short demold times.
US08318824B2
Disclosed is a hydrophilic polyolefin sintered material which is a water-absorbing sintered material of a polyolefin resin ice having a graft chain composed of at least one molecular chain selected from hydrophilic ethylenically unsaturated group-containing monomers and their polymers. This hydrophilic polyolefin sintered material has an average porosity of 20-80% by volume and an open cell having an average pore diameter of 1-150 μm.
US08318817B2
Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for the treatment of otic diseases or conditions with antimicrobial agent compositions and formulations administered locally to an individual afflicted with an otic disease or condition, through direct application of these compositions and formulations onto or via perfusion into the targeted auris structure(s).
US08318811B2
A novel therapeutic and prophylactic agent for inflammatory bowel diseases and a method for treating inflammatory bowel diseases is provided. The agent comprises a 2-amino-1,3-propanediol derivative (e.g., 2-amino-2-[4-(3-benzyloxyphenylthio)-2-chlorophenyl]ethyl-1,3-propanediol hydrochloride) represented by the chemical formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate thereof: The agent is useful in the treatment or prevention of Crohn's disease, Crohn's disease in large intestine, intestinal Behcet's disease, ulcerative colitis, bleeding rectal ulcer and pouchitis.
US08318801B2
The invention relates to a compound represented by the following formula (I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, stereoisomers, enantiomers, prodrugs and solvates thereof. The compounds are useful as an agent for enhancing the neurite outgrowth and preventing or treating of diseases associated with HDAC in particular, tumor or cell proliferative diseases. In particular, the compounds of the invention can be used as an agent for anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Spinocerebellar Ataxias (SCA), and human spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).
US08318798B2
[Problems] To provide a neuronal cell death inhibitor and a therapeutic agent for a neurodegenerative disease, particularly Parkinson's disease.[Means for Solving Problems] It is known that DJ-1 protein is involved in Parkinson's disease and is capable of inhibiting neuronal cell death caused by oxidative stress. Based on this knowledge, screening is made for a low molecular weight molecule capable of binding to an active site of DJ-1 protein (i.e., a region around a cysteine residue at position-106) using an analysis softwear FastDock (Fujitsu Ltd.). When various tests are made using candidate low molecular weight compounds each having a binding energy of −60 kcal/mol or lower, these compounds show a therapeutic effect on a neurodegenerative disease.
US08318796B2
A compound represented by the formula (1): wherein A is a nitrogen atom or CR4, B is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or NR9 (provided that when A is a nitrogen atom, B is not NH), R1 is a C2-14 aryl group, L1 is a bond, CR10R11, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or NR12, X is OR13, SR13 or NR14NR15, R2 is a hydrogen atom, a formyl group, a C1-10 alkyl group or the like, L2 is a bond or the like, L3 is a bond, CR17R18, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or NR19, L4 is a bond, CR20R21, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or NR22, Y is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or NR23, and R3 is a C2-14 aryl group, a tautomer, prodrug or pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound or a solvate thereof.
US08318792B2
A method for treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is disclosed wherein a compound having xanthine dehydrogenase inhibiting activity is administered.
US08318782B2
A mitotic kinesin Eg5 inhibitor which comprises a thiadiazoline derivative represented by the general formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient: [wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom and the like, R2 represents a hydrogen atom, —C(═W)R6 (wherein W represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, and R6 represents substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl and the like) and the like, R3 represents —C(═Z)R19 (wherein Z represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, and R19 represents substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl and the like) and the like, R4 represents substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl and the like, and R5 represents substituted or unsubstituted aryl and the like] and the like are provided.
US08318764B2
The present invention relates to the use of novel macrocyclic compounds of Formula I, wherein the variables Q, Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 are defined as described herein, which inhibit JAK and are useful for the treatment of auto-immune and inflammatory diseases.
US08318762B2
The invention provides compounds of Formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said compound, wherein R1, R2, and R3 are as described herein; pharmaceutical compositions thereof; and the use thereof in treating diseases, conditions or disorders modulated by the inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase enzyme(s) in an animal.
US08318760B2
Substituted aryl and heteroaryl derivatives are disclosed. The compounds are useful for treating type 2 diabetes and related conditions. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment are also included.
US08318757B2
There is provided a novel pest control agent, particularly an insecticide or miticide. A substituted isoxazoline compound of General Formula (1): where A1, A2 and A3 independently are CH or N, etc., X1, X2 and X3 are independently are H, a halogen atom, etc., Y1 is H, etc., R1 is —C(O)R1a, —C(S)R1a, R1a is —C(R9)(R9a)—S(O)rR10, —C(R9)(R9a)—S(O)t(R10)═NR11, etc., R2 is H, etc., R3 is CF3, CClF2, etc., R4 is H, etc., R9 is H, etc., R9a is H, etc., R10 is C1-2 alkyl, etc., R11 is H, etc., r is an integer of 0-2, t is an integer of 0 or 1; and a pest control agent comprising the compound or the salt thereof.
US08318753B2
(−)-5-(3-Chlorophenyl)-α-(4-chlorophenyl)-α-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)tetrazolo-[1,5-a]quinazoline-7-methanamine and its pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts, and the use of such compounds in medicine especially for the treatment of cancer.
US08318750B2
A compound of formula (I) or stereoisomers or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and their preparation and use as pharmaceuticals wherein R1, R2 and R3 are as defined herein.
US08318749B2
The present invention relates to a compounds of formula I wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and n are as defined herein and to a pharmaceutically active salt, a racemic mixture, an enantiomer, an optical isomer or a tautomeric form thereof. The present compounds are high potential NK-3 receptor antagonists for the treatment of depression, pain, psychosis, Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, anxiety and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
US08318740B2
Novel compound having the following formula: Also disclosed are a pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same, methods for treating cancer using the same, and methods for the synthesis of the same. The novel compounds of the present invention are found to inhibit protein kinases, especially Checkpoint kinase Chk1/Chk2.
US08318737B2
The invention relates to compounds and composition for the treatment and prevention of cancer. The invention also covers all diseases that may be treated by selective modulation of levels of reactive oxygen species in diseased cells versus normal cells. Methods for the preparation and administration of such compositions are also disclosed. A representative compound according to the invention is:
US08318735B2
The present invention relates to novel Anilinopiperazine Derivatives of formula (I), compositions comprising the Anilinopiperazine Derivatives, and methods for using the Anilinopiperazine Derivatives for treating or preventing a proliferative disorder, an anti-proliferative disorder, inflammation, arthritis, a central nervous system disorder, a cardiovascular disease, alopecia, a neuronal disease, an ischemic injury, a viral disease, a fungal infection, or a disorder related to the activity of a protein kinase.
US08318731B2
The present invention relates to compounds or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, processes for preparing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in therapy. The invention particularly relates to compounds that are polo-like kinase (PLKs) inhibitors useful for the treatment of disease states mediated by PLK, especially PLK4, in particular such compounds that are useful in the treatment of pathological processes which involve an aberrant cellular proliferation, such as tumor growth, rheumatoid arthritis, restenosis and atherosclerosis.
US08318722B2
Provided is a compound having a serotonin 5-HT2C receptor activating action.A compound represented by the formula (I0): wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, or a salt thereof.
US08318718B2
Pyridine and pyrimidine compounds, and compositions containing them, and processes for preparing such compounds. Provided herein also are methods of treating disorders or diseases treatable by inhibition of PDE10, such as obesity, non-insulin dependent diabetes, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and the like.
US08318714B2
In certain embodiments, the invention is directed to composition comprising stable particles comprising ganaxolone, wherein the volume weighted median diameter (D50) of the particles is from about 50 nm to about 500 nm.
US08318709B2
A pharmaceutical product or formulation, which comprises azelastine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or physiologically functional derivative thereof, and a steroid, or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt, solvate or physiologically functional derivative thereof, preferably the product or formulation being in a form suitable for nasal or ocular administration.
US08318705B2
The invention relates to nitroso derivatives including carboxylic acid and phosphoric acid esters of hydroxy nitroso compounds that donate nitroxyl (HNO) under physiological conditions. The compounds and compositions of the invention are useful in treating and/or preventing the onset and/or development of diseases or conditions that are responsive to nitroxyl therapy, including heart failure, ischemia/reperfusion injury and cancer.
US08318697B2
Methods and compositions for treating or ameliorating diseases and other conditions, such as infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases and allergies are provided. The methods employ mono- and disaccharide-based compounds for selectively stimulating immune responses in animals and plants.
US08318679B2
The present invention relates to the design of trimeric polypeptides using polypeptide structural elements derived from the tetranectin protein family, and their use in rational de novo design and production of multi-functional molecules including the application of the multi-functional molecules in protein library technology, such as phage display technology, diagnostic and therapeutic systems, such as human gene therapy and imaging. The trimeric polypeptides being constructed as a monomer polypeptide construct comprising at least one tetranectin trimerising structural element (TTSE) which is covalently linked to at least one heterologous moiety, said TTSE being capable of forming a stable complex with two other TTSEs; or as an oligomer which is comprised of two monomer polypeptide constructs as mentioned above, and which comprises three TTSEs or a multiplum of three TTSEs, or which is comprised of three monomer polypeptide constructs.
US08318672B2
The invention is directed to novel cellular factor-containing solution compositions (referred to herein as “CFS” compositions), including novel sustained-release cellular factor-containing solution compositions (referred to herein as “SR-CFS” compositions), methods of making such novel compositions and uses thereof.
US08318669B2
The present invention provides methods for modification and regulation of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) metabolism by administering therapeutically effective amounts of an inhibitor of dipeptidylpeptidase IV (DPIV) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, where the inhibitor has a Ki for inhibition of DPIV of 10 nM or less; and the inhibitor is administered in an amount sufficient to inhibit DPIV proteolysis of GLP-1 but not sufficient to suppress the immune system of the animal.
US08318666B2
Leptin, leptin analogs, and leptin derivatives are used to treat patients with lipoatrophy. Leptin is effective against conditions of lipoatrophy for both genetic and acquired forms of the disease. A therapeutically effective amount of leptin can be administered in a variety of ways, including subcutaneously and using gene therapy methods. Methods of the present invention contemplate administration of leptin, leptin analogs, and leptin derivatives to patients having a leptin level of approximately 4 ng/ml or less before treatment.
US08318665B1
The invention is directed to novel cellular factor-containing solution compositions (referred to herein as “CFS” compositions), including novel sustained-release cellular factor-containing solution compositions (referred to herein as “SR-CFS” compositions), methods of making such novel compositions and uses thereof.
US08318664B2
A method for treating obesity and more particularly a method for treating diet-induced obesity in a subject comprising administering to said subject an isolated unacylated ghrelin peptide as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, a fragment thereof or a cyclic fragment thereof such as a cyclic unacylated ghrelin fragment. The method being achievable without affecting the food intake of the subject.
US08318656B2
Production processes and systems are provided that include reacting halogenated compounds, dehalogenating compounds, reacting alcohol's, reacting olefins and a saturated compounds, reacting reactants having at least two —CF3 groups with reactants having cyclic groups, RF-compositions such as RF-intermediates, RF-surfactants, RF-monomers, RF-monomer units, RF-metal complexes, RF-phosphate esters, RF-glycols, RF-urethanes, and or RF-foam stabilizers. The RF portion can include at least two groups —CF3 groups, at least three —CF3 groups, and/or at least two —CF3 groups and at least two —CH2 groups. Detergents, emulsifiers, paints, adhesives, inks, wetting agents, foamers, and defoamers including the Rf-surfactant composition are provided. Acrylics, resins, and polymers are provided that include a RF-monomer unit. Compositions are provided that include a substrate having a RF-composition thereover. Aqueous Film Forming Foam (“AFFF”) formulations are provided that can include RF-surfactants and/or RF-foam stabilizers are provided.
US08318651B2
Biheteroaryl metal complexes and the use thereof as bleach catalysts are described.
US08318650B2
Bis(hydroxyquinoline)-metal complexes and the use thereof as bleach catalysts are described.
US08318643B2
A trunk piston engine lubricating oil composition is disclosed comprising (a) a major amount of a base stock containing at least 90% by weight saturated hydrocarbons; and (b) a base stock selected from the group consisting of (i) an ester base stock wherein the ester base stock is present in an amount greater than 10% by weight and no greater than about 45% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, (ii) an alkylated aromatic base stock, (iii) a base stock having an aromatic content of at least about 50% by weight wherein the base stock having an aromatic content of at least about 50% by weight is not an aromatic extract, and mixtures thereof.
US08318641B2
Systems and methods for the detection of biomarkers. In at least one embodiment of a microarray system of the present disclosure, the microarray system comprises a microarray product comprising at least 100 diagnostic markers/cm2, a microarray identifier, and a stabilizing agent, a control microarray product comprising a first specific binding pair member that binds to a first detectable label, and a processor for providing information regarding the identification and concentration of markers on the microarray based on the identity of the array provided by the microarray identifier.
US08318637B2
Herbicide/azole combination comprising components (A) and (B) having improved effects, where (A)is one or more herbicidally active compounds from the group of the ALS inhibitors, and (B)is one or more agrochemically active azole compounds, preferably from the group of the triazoles, pyrazoles and triazolinethiones.
US08318631B2
A process for preparing a coated catalyst in which a finely divided mixture of a multielement oxide comprising the elements Mo and V and a molybdenum oxide or a molybdenum oxide former is applied to the surface of a support body as an active composition.
US08318621B2
The invention relates to a glass sheet, the composition of which is of the soda-lime-silica type and comprises the following constituents in contents varying within the weight limits defined below: Fe2O3 (total iron) 0 to 0.02%; and WO3 0.1 to 2%.
US08318610B2
Provided is a thin film device and an associated method of making a thin film device. For example, fabrication of an inverter thin film device is described. Moreover, a parallel spaced electrically conductive strips are provided upon a substrate. A functional material is deposited upon the conductive strips. A 3D structure is then provided upon the functional material, the 3D structure having a plurality of different heights, at least one height defining a first portion of the conductive strips to be bundled. The 3D structure and functional material are then etched to define a TFD disposed above the first portion of the conductive strips. The first portion of the conductive strips is bundled adjacent to the TFD.
US08318609B2
A carrier for effectuating semiconductor processing on a non-planar substrate is disclosed. The carrier is configured for holding at least one non-planar substrate throughout a semiconductor processing step and concurrently rotating non-planar substrates as they travel down a translational path of a processing chamber. As the non-planar substrates simultaneously rotate and translate down a processing chamber, the rotation exposes the whole or any desired portion of the surface area of the non-planar substrates to the deposition process, allowing for uniform deposition as desired. Alternatively, any predetermined pattern is able to be exposed on the surface of the non-planar substrates. Such a carrier effectuates manufacture of non-planar semiconductor devices, including, but not limited to, non-planar light emitting diodes, non-planar photovoltaic cells, and the like.
US08318608B2
A method for fabricating a nonvolatile charge trap memory device is described. The method includes providing a substrate having a charge-trapping layer disposed thereon. A portion of the charge-trapping layer is then oxidized to form a blocking dielectric layer above the charge-trapping layer by exposing the charge-trapping layer to a radical oxidation process.
US08318607B2
A method of performing a single step/single solvent edge bead removal (EBR) process on a photolithography layer stack including a photoresist layer and a top coat layer using propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA) or a mixture of PGMEA and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) is disclosed. The single step/single solvent EBR process is compatible with organic and inorganic BARC layers.
US08318601B2
The present invention discloses a display device and a manufacturing method thereof by which a manufacturing process can be simplified. Further, the present invention discloses technique for manufacturing a pattern such as a wiring into a desired shape with good controllability. A method for forming a pattern for constituting the display device according to the present invention comprises the steps of forming a first region and a second region; discharging a composition containing a pattern formation material to a region across the second region and the first region; and flowing a part of the composition discharged to the first region into the second region; wherein wettability with respect to the composition of the first region is lower than that of the second composition.
US08318597B2
The manufacturing method includes: forming a seed film on a semiconductor chip; forming a photoresist having an opening above an electrode of the semiconductor chip on the seed film; forming a first Au bump on the seed film in the opening by electrolytic plating with a current density of 1.5 A/dm2 or above; grinding a surface of the first Au bump; stripping the photoresist; and removing the seed film by dry-etching.
US08318585B2
To facilitate bonding of articles at a low temperature without degrading electrical contact between the articles.An oxide film reducing treatment with hydrogen radicals is carried out for surfaces of lead-out electrodes (5) and bump electrodes (6) on the lead-out electrodes (5) of a semiconductor chip (2) and surfaces of lead-out electrodes (8) of an intermediate substrate (3), and, after that, the bump electrodes (6) of the semiconductor chip (2) and the lead-out electrodes (8) of the intermediate substrate (3) are aligned with each other. After that, a pressure is applied to bond the bump electrodes (6) and the lead-out electrodes (8).
US08318583B2
Provided is a method of forming an isolation structure of a semiconductor device capable of minimizing the number of performing a patterning process and having trenches of various depths. The method includes partially etching the semiconductor substrate using a first patterning process to form first trenches and second trenches having a first depth. The semiconductor substrate has first to third regions. The first trenches are formed in the first region, and the second trenched are formed in the second region. The semiconductor substrate is partially etched using a second patterning process, so that third trenches are formed in the third region, and fourth trenches are formed in the second region. The fourth trenches extend from bottoms of the second trenches. The third trenches have a second depth, and the fourth trenches have a third depth. An isolation layer filling the first to fourth trenches is formed.
US08318573B2
Nonvolatile memory elements that are based on resistive switching memory element layers are provided. A nonvolatile memory element may have a resistive switching metal oxide layer. The resistive switching metal oxide layer may have one or more layers of oxide. A resistive switching metal oxide may be doped with a dopant that increases its melting temperature and enhances its thermal stability. Layers may be formed to enhance the thermal stability of the nonvolatile memory element. An electrode for a nonvolatile memory element may contain a conductive layer and a buffer layer.
US08318572B1
This disclosure provides a method of fabricating a semiconductor stack and associated device, such as a capacitor and DRAM cell. In particular, a bottom electrode has a material selected for lattice matching characteristics. This material may be created from a relatively inexpensive metal oxide which is processed to adopt a conductive, but difficult-to-produce oxide state, with specific crystalline form; to provide one example, specific materials are disclosed that are compatible with the growth of rutile phase titanium dioxide (TiO2) for use as a dielectric, thereby leading to predictable and reproducible higher dielectric constant and lower effective oxide thickness and, thus, greater part density at lower cost.
US08318570B2
A device and method for improving performance of a transistor includes gate structures formed on a substrate having a spacing therebetween. The gate structures are formed in an operative relationship with active areas fainted in the substrate. A stress liner is formed on the gate structures. An angled ion implantation is applied to the stress liner such that ions are directed at vertical surfaces of the stress liner wherein portions of the stress liner in contact with the active areas are shielded from the ions due to a shadowing effect provided by a height and spacing between adjacent structures.
US08318565B2
Methods for fabricating gate electrode/high-k dielectric gate structures having an improved resistance to the growth of silicon dioxide (oxide) at the dielectric/silicon-based substrate interface. In an embodiment, a method of forming a transistor gate structure comprises: incorporating nitrogen into a silicon-based substrate proximate a surface of the substrate; depositing a high-k gate dielectric across the silicon-based substrate; and depositing a gate electrode across the high-k dielectric to form the gate structure. In one embodiment, the gate electrode comprises titanium nitride rich in titanium for inhibiting diffusion of oxygen.
US08318555B2
A method for producing a hybrid substrate includes preparing a first substrate including a mixed layer and an underlying electrically insulating continuous layer, the mixed layer made up of first single-crystal areas and second adjacent amorphous areas, the second areas making up at least part of the free surface of the first substrate. A second substrate is bonded to the first substrate, the second substrate including on the surface thereof, a reference layer with a predetermined crystallographic orientation. The first substrate is bonded to the second substrate by hydrophobic molecular bonding of at least the amorphous areas. A recrystallization of at least part of the amorphous areas to solid phase is carried out according to the crystallographic orientation of the reference layer, and the two substrates are separated at the bonding interface.
US08318550B2
Methods of forming and tuning a multilayer select device are provided, along with apparatus and systems which include them. As is broadly disclosed in the specification, one such method can include forming a first region having a first conductivity type; forming a second region having a second conductivity type and located adjacent to the first region; and forming a third region having the first conductivity type and located adjacent to the second region and, such that the first, second and third regions form a structure located between a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein each of the regions have a thickness configured to achieve a current density in a range from about 1×e4 amps/cm2 up to about 1×e8 amps/cm2 when a voltage in a selected voltage range is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode.
US08318548B2
A high positional accuracy of a semiconductor chip is attained to stabilize the quality of a semiconductor device. In a die bonding process during assembly of an SIP, a microcomputer chip not required to have a high positional accuracy is picked up with a surface non-contact type collet and is die-bonded onto a first chip mounting portion, thereafter, an ASIC chip required to have a high positional accuracy is picked up with a surface contact type collet and die-bonded onto a second chip mounting portion. By thus using two types of collets properly, not only a high positional accuracy of the ASIC chip which has been die-bonded with the surface contact type collet is attained, but also the quality of the SIP is stabilized.
US08318544B2
In a method is for producing through contacts in thin chips, whose functionality is implemented in a layer structure starting from the surface layer of a semiconductor substrate, to separate these chips, the surface layer is structured using the layer structure and at least one cavity is produced below the surface layer, so that the individual chips are defined by trenches opening into the cavity and the individual chips are connected via support elements in the area of the cavity to the substrate below the cavity. The chips are provided with through contacts, in that firstly a contact hole, which extends through the entire layer structure of the chip and opens into a support element, is produced for each through contact. At least one dielectric layer is applied to the thus structured layer structure and in particular to the wall of the contact holes and structured in accordance with the electrical connections to be created between areas of the chip surface and at least one through contact. A metal plating, which extends in particular to the wall of the contact holes and the surface areas of the layer structure which adjoin the contact holes, is applied thereon and structured. Finally, the contact holes which are thus metal-plated are also filled using a solder.
US08318538B2
A Three-Dimensional Structure (3DS) Memory allows for physical separation of the memory circuits and the control logic circuit onto different layers such that each layer may be separately optimized. One control logic circuit suffices for several memory circuits, reducing cost. Fabrication of 3DS memory involves thinning of the memory circuit to less than 50 μm in thickness and bonding the circuit to a circuit stack while still in wafer substrate form. Fine-grain high density inter-layer vertical bus connections are used. The 3DS memory manufacturing method enables several performance and physical size efficiencies, and is implemented with established semiconductor processing techniques.
US08318533B2
An organic thin film transistor that has good adhesiveness and good contact resistance as well as allows ohmic contact between an organic semiconductor layer and a source electrode and a drain electrode, and its manufacturing method. There is also provided a flat panel display device using the organic thin film transistor. The organic thin film transistor includes a source electrode, a drain electrode, an organic semiconductor layer, a gate insulating layer, and a gate electrode formed on a substrate, and a carrier relay layer including conductive polymer material formed at least between the organic semiconductor layer and the source electrode or the organic semiconductor layer and the drain electrode.
US08318532B2
Improved processing methods for enhanced properties of conjugated polymer films are disclosed, as well as the enhanced conjugated polymer films produced thereby. Addition of low molecular weight alkyl-containing molecules to solutions used to form conjugated polymer films leads to improved photoconductivity and improvements in other electronic properties. The enhanced conjugated polymer films can be used in a variety of electronic devices, such as solar cells and photodiodes.
US08318531B2
thermal management for large scale processing of CIS and/or CIGS based thin film is described. The method includes providing a plurality of substrates, each of the substrates having a copper and indium composite structure. The method also includes transferring the plurality of substrates into a furnace, each of the plurality of substrates provided in a vertical orientation with respect to a direction of gravity, the plurality of substrates being defined by a number N, where N is greater than 5. The method further includes introducing a gaseous species including a selenide species and a carrier gas into the furnace and transferring thermal energy into the furnace to increase a temperature from a first temperature to a second temperature, to at least initiate formation of a copper indium diselenide film.
US08318529B1
A technique for fabricating an image sensor including a pixel circuitry region and a peripheral circuitry region includes fabricating front side components on a front side of the image sensor. A dopant layer is implanted on a backside of the image sensor. A anti-reflection layer is formed on the backside and covers a first portion of the dopant layer under the pixel circuitry region while exposing a second portion of the dopant layer under the peripheral circuitry region. The first portion of the dopant layer is laser annealed from the backside of the image sensor through the anti-reflection layer. The anti-reflection layer increases a temperature of the first portion of the dopant layer during the laser annealing.
US08318525B2
A device for sensing a gas comprises a plastics housing (106, 107) moulded in situ around at least one portion of a conducting lead frame (100), the housing defining an enclosure (113) and being provided with means for enabling gas flow into the enclosure. A gas sensitive element (114) within the enclosure (113) is mounted to the conducting lead frame (100). The conducting lead frame (100) comprises connection leads which are accessible through, and at least partially encapsulated by, the wall of the housing.
US08318520B2
The present invention provides a “microminiaturizing method of nano-structure” with fabricating process steps as follows:First deposit the material of molecule or atom state on the top-opening of the nano cylindrical pore, which having formed on the substrate, so that the diameter of said top-opening gradually reduce to become a reduced nano-aperture, whose opening diameter is smaller than that of said top-opening;Then, directly pass the deposit material of gas molecule or atom state through said reduced nano-aperture; thereby a nano-structure of nano quantum dot, nano rod or nano ring with smaller nano scale is directly formed on the surface of said substrate, which being laid beneath the bottom of said nano cylindrical pore.
US08318515B2
A method of manufacturing an optoelectronic light emitting semiconductor device is provided where a Multi-quantum Well (MQW) subassembly is subjected to reduced temperature vapor deposition processing to form one or more of n-type or p-type layers over the MQW subassembly utilizing a plurality of precursors and an indium surfactant. The precursors and the indium surfactant are introduced into the vapor deposition process at respective flow rates with the aid of one or more carrier gases, at least one of which comprises H2. The indium surfactant comprises an amount of indium sufficient to improve crystal quality of the p-type layers formed during the reduced temperature vapor deposition processing and the respective precursor flow rates and the H2 content of the carrier gas are selected to maintain a mole fraction of indium from the indium surfactant to be less than approximately 1% in the n-type or p-type layers. In another embodiment, the reduced temperature vapor deposition processing is executed at a reduced temperature TG, where TG≦TB±5% and TB is the MQW barrier layer growth temperature. Additional embodiments are disclosed and claimed.
US08318514B2
The present disclosure provides a light emitting diode (LED) package, which includes a first substrate with electrodes disposed on a top thereof and a second substrate with an LED chip disposed on a top thereof. The LED chip is connected with the electrodes via wires. A first package layer is disposed on the top of the first substrate to cover the wires and electrodes. A fluorescent layer is disposed on the top of the second substrate to cover the LED chip. The present disclosure also provides a mold and a method of manufacturing the LED package.
US08318513B2
A method for manufacturing light-emitting diode devices. Multiple metal frames are provided. The metal frames are adjacent to each other and are arranged on a same plane. Each metal frame includes a first connection pin and a second connection pin. A light-emitting diode chip is disposed on and electrically connected to each metal frame. The metal frames are respectively bent, enabling the adjacent metal frames to separate from each other. A moldboard formed with a plurality of mold cavities is provided. The bent metal frames are respectively disposed in the mold cavities, locating each light-emitting diode chip in each mold cavity. The mold cavities are respectively filled with package gel. The package gel filled in each mold cavity covers each light-emitting diode chip. The package gel is solidified. The mold cavities are separated from the package gel. The metal frames are separated from each other, forming the light-emitting diode devices.
US08318509B2
Methods and kits for performing a two-phase optical assay for one or more than one analyte without intrinsic optical contrast in a sample are disclosed. The method requires use of a functionalized microparticle immobilized with two or more than functional components and an additional set of one or more than one functional component. The assay can be performed in one single container and does not need a wash step.
US08318502B2
Cell permeable metal ion indicator compounds and methods of their use and synthesis are described. The compound comprises a metal chelating moiety (Mc), a reporter molecule and two or more lipophilic groups (GL) covalently bonded through a linker to the reporter molecule, wherein the lipophilic groups, when present in a live cell, are cleaved resulting in two or more negatively charged groups.
US08318500B2
An automated analyzer for performing multiple diagnostic assays simultaneously includes multiple stations, or modules, in which discrete aspects of the assay are performed on fluid samples contained in reaction receptacles. The analyzer includes stations for automatically preparing a specimen sample, incubating the sample at prescribed temperatures for prescribed periods, performing an analyte isolation procedure, and ascertaining the presence of a target analyte. An automated receptacle transporting system moves the reaction receptacles from one station to the next. The analyzer further includes devices for carrying a plurality of specimen tubes and disposable pipette tips in a machine-accessible manner, a device for agitating containers of target capture reagents comprising suspensions of solid support material and for presenting the containers for machine access thereto, and a device for holding containers of reagents in a temperature controlled environment and presenting the containers for machine access thereto. A method for performing an automated diagnostic assay includes an automated process for isolating and amplifying a target analyte. The process is performed by automatically moving each of a plurality of reaction receptacles containing a solid support material and a fluid sample between stations for incubating the contents of the reaction receptacle and for separating the target analyte bound to the solid support from the fluid sample. An amplification reagent is added to the separated analyte after the analyte separation step and before a final incubation step.
US08318494B2
The presently claimed invention applies to a genetic material processing and manipulation method and related product. The claimed invention relates to a method for changing the inherited characteristics of a cell through chromosome processing treatment. In a preferred embodiment, ‘genomic surgery’ is applied to source genetic material 101. Micro-beam cutting takes place on target genetic material 103, which is moved by way of micro-beam transport to a destination location adjacent to desired target genetic material 105. Source and target genetic material are welded during a micro-beam welding step, resulting in a combined or new chromosome combination 125. The combined or new chromosome combination 125 is transferred into receptor cell by three ways. The presently claimed invention provides a high quality alternate approach to directed genetic recombination without requiring the use of restriction enzymes and is used for chromosomal repair, removal of defects and new organism creation.
US08318493B2
Methods and compositions using populations of randomized modified FRT recombination sites to identify, isolate and/or characterize modified FRT recombination sites are provided. The recombinogenic modified FRT recombination sites can be employed in a variety of methods for targeted recombination of polynucleotides of interest, including methods to recombine polynucleotides, assess promoter activity, directly select transformed organisms, minimize or eliminate expression resulting from random integration into the genome of an organism, such as a plant, remove polynucleotides of interest, combine multiple transfer cassettes, invert or excise a polynucleotide, and identify and/or characterize transcriptional regulating regions are also provided.
US08318490B2
Disclosed is the use of prelamin A pre peptide and homologues or analogs thereof for the induction of cell differentiation and tissue or organ growth and repair processes. The invention extends to virtually any cell, including both embryonic and non-embryonic stem cells, such as stem cells that are progenitors for a wide variety of cell and tissue types. Also disclosed is the use of prelamin A pre peptide and prelamin A to determine and establish cell morphology and tissue architecture. Treatment of a variety of diseases and conditions, as well as cosmetic, general health, and anti-aging applications are described.
US08318485B2
The invention comprises methods and stem cell compositions for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy and other degenerative diseases of the eye. The invention is practiced in two stages with the first stage comprising the administration of neural stem cells to the eye, and the second stage comprising the administration of mesenchymal cells intravenously.
US08318482B2
Provided herein are exemplary vectors for transforming algal cells. In exemplary embodiments, the vector comprises a Violaxanthin-chlorophyll a binding protein (Vcp) promoter driving expression of an antibiotic resistance gene in an algal cell. Embodiments of the invention may be used to introduce a gene (or genes) into the alga Nannochloropsis, such that the gene(s) are expressed and functional. This unprecedented ability to transform Nannochloropsis with high efficiency makes possible new developments in phycology, aquaculture and biofuels applications.
US08318481B2
Provided herein are improved copy number plasmids, particularly those plasmids capable of replication in a bacterial cell. The improved copy number plasmid contain a deletion, insertion, or substitution in the replication control region, particularly a Pseudomonas-specific replication control region, that results in an increase in plasmid copy number in comparison to a control plasmid. Also provided are host cells containing the improved copy number plasmids, as well as methods of using the improved copy number plasmids for the recombinant production of a protein of interest. Further provided are methods for generating plasmids with improved copy number. The methods disclosed herein involve the reiterative selection of improved copy number plasmids by the growth and selection of plasmids capable of growth under increasing selective pressure, wherein the selective pressure is applied utilizing a selection agent to which the control plasmid confers resistance.
US08318480B2
Sequences of a serotype 8 adeno-associated virus and vectors and host cells containing these sequences are provided. Also described are methods of using such host cells and vectors in production of rAAV particles.
US08318479B2
A system has been constructed that recapitulate the features of a capillary bed through normal human tissue. The system facilitates perfusion of three-dimensional (3D) cell monocultures and heterotypic cell co-cultures at the length scale of the capillary bed. A major feature is that the system can be utilized within a “multiwell plate” format amenable to high-throughput assays compatible with the type of robotics commonly used in pharmaceutical development. The system provides a means to conduct assays for toxicology and metabolism and as a model for human diseases such as hepatic diseases, including hepatitis, exposure-related pathologies, and cancer. Cancer applications include primary liver cancer as well as metastases. The system can also be used as a means of testing gene therapy approaches for treating disease and inborn genetic defects.
US08318477B2
A cellular electrophysiological measurement device includes a thin plate and a frame. The thin plate has a first surface with a depression and a second surface with a through-hole. The frame is in contact with an outer periphery on the second surface of thin plate. The thin plate has a laminated structure of at least two layers including a first material layer on the first surface and a second material layer on the second surface. The frame is formed of a third material layer. The structure allows the cellular electrophysiological measurement device to be not so vulnerable to breakage of thin plate and other damages, thereby having high production yield.
US08318473B2
Methods, enzymes, recombinant microorganism, and microbial systems are provided for converting polysaccharides, such as those derived from biomass, into suitable monosaccharides or oligosaccharides, as well as for converting suitable monosaccharides or oligosaccharides into commodity chemicals, such as biofuels. Commodity chemicals produced by the methods described herein are also provided. Commodity chemical enriched, refinery-produced petroleum products are also provided, as well as methods for producing the same.
US08318467B2
The present invention relates to inhibitors of GSK-3 and methods for producing these inhibitors. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the inhibitors and methods of utilizing those compositions in the treatment and prevention of various disorders, such as diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. In addition, the invention relates to molecules or molecular complexes which comprise binding pockets of GSK-3β or its homologues. The invention relates to a computer comprising a data storage medium encoded with the structure coordinates of such binding pockets. The invention also relates to methods of using the structure coordinates to solve the structure of homologous proteins or protein complexes. The invention relates to methods of using the structure coordinates to screen for and design compounds that bind to GSK-3β protein or homologues thereof. The invention also relates to crystallizable compositions and crystals comprising GSK-3β protein or GSK-3β protein complexes.
US08318466B2
An immobilized protein catalyst is prepared by applying an adhesive to a polymeric support, applying a layer of a globular protein over the layer of adhesive, binding a crosslinking agent to the protein layer, and binding the protein catalyst by reaction with the crosslinking agent.
US08318465B2
A process for integrated utilization of the energy and material contents of hydrolysates and solids obtained in the enzymatic hydrolysis of renewable raw materials, in which the resulting hydrolysis solution is used as a carbon source in fermentations and the unhydrolysed solids are sent to biogas production.
US08318464B2
Methods, enzymes, recombinant microorganism, and microbial systems are provided for converting polysaccharides, such as those derived from biomass, into suitable monosaccharides or oligosaccharides, as well as for converting suitable monosaccharides or oligosaccharides into commodity chemicals, such as biofuels. Commodity chemicals produced by the methods described herein are also provided. Commodity chemical enriched, refinery-produced petroleum products are also provided, as well as methods for producing the same.
US08318463B2
The present invention relates to Δ8 desaturase genes, which have the ability to convert eicosadienoic acid (EDA; 20:2 ω-6) to dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA; 20:3 ω-6) and/or eicosatrienoic acid (ETrA; 20:3 ω-3) to eicosatetraenoic acid (ETA; (20:3 ω-3). Isolated nucleic acid fragments and recombinant DNA constructs comprising such fragments encoding Δ8 desaturases along with a method of making long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) using these Δ8 desaturases in oleaginous yeast are disclosed.
US08318458B2
The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having beta-glucosidase activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods for producing and using the polypeptides.
US08318448B2
The use of an antibody to a C. albicans cell wall antigen or to a solubilized phosphopeptidomannan (PPM) fraction of the cell wall of C. albicans, or preferably a combination of an IgG2 antibody to a phosphopeptidomannan (PPM) fraction of the cell wall of C. albicans, and an IgG1 or IgG3 antibody to a C. albicans cell wall antigen in the diagnosis of candidiasis or invasive candidiasis is disclosed. Also diagnostic tests are disclosed.
US08318443B2
A reagent for use in detecting an analyte comprises a fluorescent energy donor and an energy acceptor, wherein the energy acceptor is of the general formula: and wherein the distance between the energy donor and the energy acceptor of the reagent is capable of modulation by a suitable analyte to be detected.
US08318439B2
Microfluidic cartridges for agglutination reactions are provided. The cartridges include a microfluidic reaction channel with at least two intake channels, one for an antigen-containing fluid and the other for an antibody-containing fluid, conjoined to a reaction channel modified by incorporation of a downstream flow control channel. At low Reynolds Number, the two input streams layer one on top of the other in the reaction channel and form a flowing, unmixed horizontally-stratified laminar fluid diffusion (HLFD) interface for an extended duration of reaction. Surprisingly, the design, surface properties, and flow regime of microfluidic circuits of the present invention potentiate detection of antibody mediated agglutination at the stratified interface. Antigen:antibody reactions involving agglutination potentiated by these devices are useful in blood typing, in crossmatching for blood transfusion, and in immunodiagnostic agglutination assays, for example.
US08318436B2
The present invention provides a method and compositions for high throughput screening of genetically modified photosynthetic organisms for plasmic state. The present invention provides methods of producing one or more proteins, including biomass degrading enzymes in a plant. Also provided are the methods of producing biomass degradation pathways in alga cells, particularly in the chloroplast. Single enzymes or multiple enzymes may be produced by the methods disclosed. The methods disclosed herein allow for the production of biofuel, including ethanol.
US08318433B2
The invention provides methods and compositions for attaching oligonucleotide tags to polynucleotides for the purpose of carrying out analytical assays in parallel and for decoding the oligonucleotide tags of polynucleotides selected in such assays. Words, or subunits, of oligonucleotide tags index submixtures in successively more complex sets of submixtures (referred to herein as “tiers” of submixtures) that a polynucleotide goes through while successive words are added to a growing tag. By identifying each word of an oligonucleotide tag, a series of submixtures is identified including the first submixture that contains only a single polynucleotide, thereby providing the identity of the selected polynucleotide. The analysis of the words of an oligonucleotide tag can be carried out in parallel, e.g. by hybridization of the oligonucleotide tag to its tag complement on an addressable array; or such analysis can be carried out serially by successive hybridizations of labeled word complements.
US08318430B2
Methods and kits for selectively enriching non-random polynucleotide sequences are provided. Methods and kits for generating libraries of sequences are provided. Methods of using selectively enriched non-random polynucleotide sequences for detection of fetal aneuploidy are provided.
US08318427B2
Protective groups which may be cleaved with an activatable deprotecting reagents are employed to achieve a highly sensitive, high resolution, combinatorial synthesis of pattern arrays of diverse polymers. In preferred embodiments of the instant invention, the activatable deprotecting reagent is a photoacid generator and the protective groups are DMT for nucleic acids and tBOC for amino acids. This invention has a wide variety of applications and is particularly useful for the solid phase combinatorial synthesis of polymers.
US08318419B2
The present invention provides for testing methods to determine an effective testing agent that affects the activity of the HIV Gag protein at the plasma membrane of a cell, and specifically, effecting changes in the structural conformation of at least one fatty acid of PI(4,5)P2, a member of a family of differentially phosphorylated phosphatidylinositides, wherein inhibition of the extension of such fatty acid into the MA domain of the Gag protein reduces binding of Gag to the plasma membrane, thereby inhibiting virus particle assembly and subsequent replication of the HIV virus.
US08318415B2
An organ perfusion apparatus and method monitor, sustain and/or restore viability of organs and preserve organs for storage and/or transport. Other apparatus include an organ transporter, an organ cassette and an organ diagnostic device. The method includes perfusing the organ at hypothermic and/or normothermic temperatures, preferably after hypothermic organ flushing for organ transport and/or storage. The method can be practiced with prior or subsequent static or perfusion hypothermic exposure of the organ. Organ viability is restored by restoring high energy nucleotide (e.g., ATP) levels by perfusing the organ with a medical fluid, such as an oxygenated cross-linked hemoglobin-based bicarbonate medical fluid, at normothermic temperatures. In perfusion, organ perfusion pressure is preferably controlled in response to a sensor disposed in an end of tubing placed in the organ, by a pneumatically pressurized medical fluid reservoir, providing perfusion pressure fine tuning, overpressurization prevention and emergency flow cut-off. In the hypothermic mode, the organ is perfused with a medical fluid, preferably a simple crystalloid solution containing antioxidants, intermittently or in slow continuous flow. The medical fluid may be fed into the organ from an intermediary tank having a low pressure head to avoid organ overpressurization. Preventing overpressurization prevents or reduces damage to vascular endothelial lining and to organ tissue in general. Viability of the organ may be automatically monitored, preferably by monitoring characteristics of the medical fluid perfusate. The perfusion process can be automatically controlled using a control program.
US08318414B2
A system for hemodynamic simulation comprises a vessel having properties of a blood vessel, a reservoir containing a quantity of fluid, tubing connecting the vessel and reservoir, and at least one pump for circulating the fluid within the system. Fluid can be tissue culture medium or blood analog fluid, and the vessel may include mammalian cells attached to its inside. A drive system, comprising two reciprocating drive shafts that are coupled by a cam, enables the uncoupling of pulsatile flow and pulsatile pressure to provide independent control over wall shear stress and circumferential strain. The shaft drives two pumps that are 180 degrees out-of-phase and are connected upstream and downstream of the vessel, and effect this uncoupling.
US08318407B2
Devices having a thin film or laminate structure comprising hafnium and/or zirconium oxy hydroxy compounds, and methods for making such devices, are disclosed. The hafnium and zirconium compounds can be doped, typically with other metals, such as lanthanum. Examples of electronic devices or components that can be made include, without limitation, insulators, transistors and capacitors. A method for patterning a device using the materials as positive or negative resists or as functional device components also is described. For example, a master plate for imprint lithography can be made. An embodiment of a method for making a device having a corrosion barrier also is described. Embodiments of an optical device comprising an optical substrate and coating also are described. Embodiments of a physical ruler also are disclosed, such as for accurately measuring dimensions using an electron microscope.
US08318404B2
A salt represented by the formula (a1): wherein Q1 and Q2 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a C1-C4 perfluoroalkyl group, X1 represents —CO—O—Xa1— or —CH2—O—Xa2— wherein Xa1 and Xa2 independently each represent a C1-C15 alkylene group and one or more —CH2— in the alkylene group can be replaced by —O— or —CO—, Y1 represents a C3-C36 alicyclic hydrocarbon group or a C6-C24 aromatic hydrocarbon group, and the alicyclic hydrocarbon group and the aromatic hydrocarbon group can have one or more substituents, and one or more —CH2— in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group can be replaced by —O— or —CO—, and Z+ represents an organic cation.
US08318399B2
An electrostatic charge image development carrier includes magnetic core particles and a resin coating layer that contains titanium dioxide particles doped with niobium and coats each of the magnetic core particles.
US08318391B2
A method for identifying process window signature patterns in a device area of a mask is disclosed. The signature patterns collectively provide a unique response to changes in a set of process condition parameters to the lithography process. The signature patterns enable monitoring of associated process condition parameters for signs of process drift, analyzing of the process condition parameters to determine which are limiting and affecting the chip yields, analyzing the changes in the process condition parameters to determine the corrections that should be fed back into the lithography process or forwarded to an etch process, identifying specific masks that do not transfer the intended pattern to wafers as intended, and identifying groups of masks that share common characteristics and behave in a similar manner with respect to changes in process condition parameters when transferring the pattern to the wafer.
US08318388B2
A mask blank manufacturing department manufactures a mask blank by forming a thin film to be a mask pattern on a mask blank transparent substrate. When providing the mask blank to a mask manufacturing department, the mask blank manufacturing department provides optical characteristic information (transmittance variation) of the mask blank transparent substrate and optical characteristic information (transmittance variation and/or phase difference variation) of the mask blank to the mask manufacturing department. The optical characteristic information of the mask blank transparent substrate is provided to the mask blank manufacturing department from a materials processing department that manufactures mask blank transparent substrates.
US08318387B2
A substrate set is a mask blank substrate set including a plurality of substrates each for use in a mask blank for producing a photomask to be chucked on a mask stage of an exposure apparatus. In each of the substrates in the mask blank substrate set, a main surface, on the side where a thin film for forming a transfer pattern is to be formed, has a convex shape being relatively high at its center and relatively low at its peripheral portion. In each substrate, the flatness in a 142 mm square area, including a central portion, of the main surface is 0.3 μm or less and the difference upon fitting to a reference main surface of a reference substrate is 40 nm or less.
US08318379B2
A membrane-electrode assembly for a mixed reactant fuel cell and a mixed reactant fuel cell system including the same. In one embodiment of the present invention, a membrane-electrode assembly for a mixed reactant fuel cell includes an anode catalyst layer, a cathode catalyst layer, a polymer electrolyte membrane disposed between the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer, an electrode substrate disposed on at least one of the anode catalyst layer or the cathode catalyst layer, and an oxidant supply path penetrating the polymer electrolyte membrane, the anode catalyst layer, the cathode catalyst layer, and the electrode substrate and adapted to supply an oxidant.
US08318378B2
A fuel cell (10) includes a fuel cell stack (50) in which a plurality of fuel cell units are stacked on one another, a pair of end plates (61, 61b, 63, 63b) respectively contact both ends of the fuel cell stack in a direction (Ds) in which the plurality of fuel cell units are stacked, and a side member (62, 62b, 62g) that extends in the stacking direction and is disposed between the end plates. The fuel cell further includes a connecting bolt portion, having a bolt shank (644, 624g) that penetrates one of the end plates substantially along the stacking direction. The connecting bolt portion connects the one of the end plates and the side member. The fuel cell further includes a cushion joint (66, 66a, 66b, 66c, 66d, 66e, 66f) disposed between the side member and one of the end plates, and through which the bolt shank passes.
US08318376B2
The present invention relates to a multi-layered polymer electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell, which is prepared by introducing an anion binding substance as a coating layer to a non-aqueous polymer electrolyte membrane for preventing the elution of acid, and a fuel cell comprising the membrane. In particular, the present invention discloses a multi-layered polymer electrolyte membrane prepared by coating an anion binding substance on a non-aqueous polymer electrolyte membrane, and a fuel cell comprising the membrane, thereby preventing the elution of acid and maintaining the performance of a fuel cell to economic and environmental profit.
US08318370B2
A heat exchanger includes a first regenerator core and a second regenerator core and a four-way valve coupled to a cold section of the first regenerator core and to a cold section of the second regenerator core. The four-way valve directs input air to the first regenerator core or to the second regenerator core. A high-temperature passive check valve is coupled to a hot section of the first regenerator core and to a hot section of the second regenerator core. The high-temperature passive check valve comprises an inlet header coupled to the hot section of the first regenerator core or the second regenerator core, a valve poppet coupled to a valve stem and a valve seat located on a surface parallel to a surface of the valve poppet. Air entering the inlet header moves the valve poppet away from the valve seat, creating an opening through which air passes.
US08318369B2
A fuel cell cooling system includes a fuel cell having a liquid loop that produces water vapor. An antifreeze cooling loop includes an inductor that receives the water vapor and introduces the water vapor to an antifreeze. The water is separated from the antifreeze and returned to the liquid cooling loop as liquid water after the mixture of condensed water vapor and antifreeze has passed through a radiator. Water in the liquid cooling loop exits the fuel cell and passes through a restricting valve thereby lowering the pressure of the water. A flash cooler downstream from the restricting valve collects the water vapor and provides it to the inductor in the antifreeze cooling loop. The flash cooling in the first cooling loop provides a first cooling capacity that is low temperature and pressure compatible with fuel cell operation.
US08318367B2
Electrochemical energy generating apparatus and operating method thereof, and electrochemical device
An electrochemical energy generation device includes an electrochemical device such as a fuel cell having an electrolyte film arranged between an anode and a cathode and a reference electrode maintained at an oxidation-reduction potential between an metal and a metal ion and arranged in contact with the electrolyte film. The electrochemical energy generation device is operated by measuring a potential of the anode and the cathode based on the reference electrode, deciding the operation condition such as a fuel supply amount to the electrochemical device according to the result of the potential measurement of the anode and the cathode, and selling the operation condition such as the fuel supply amount according to the decision, by an operation condition setting unit. An operation method of the device and an electrochemical device constituting the device are also provided.
US08318365B2
A fuel cell system of the present invention comprises a fuel cell (1) configured to generate electric power using a fuel gas, a fuel gas generator (2) configured to generate a fuel gas containing hydrogen using a raw material, a combustion burner (2a) configured to heat the fuel gas generator, a combustion fan (2b) configured to supply air to a combustion burner (2a), and a controller (101). The raw material is filled inside the fuel cell (1) before the fuel gas is supplied to the fuel cell. The controller (101) controls on-off valves (8, 9) to cause the fuel gas to branch to flow to a second path (R2) and to a fourth path (R4) when the fuel gas generated in the fuel gas generator (2) starts to be supplied to the fuel cell (1).
US08318364B2
A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack for generating power and power generation control means. The fuel cell stack has at least one cell that includes a cathode to which an oxidant is supplied, an anode to which a fuel is supplied, and a polymer electrolyte membrane sandwiched between the cathode and the anode. The power generation control means has dryness degree determination means for determining the degree of dryness of the fuel cell stack based on shut-down period. When the shut-down period is shorter than a predetermined period of time, the power generation control means supplies a gas for drying to the cathode for a predetermined period of time, to remove water remaining in the cathode. When the shut-down period is equal to or longer than the predetermined period of time, such a drying operation is not performed.
US08318360B2
The present invention provides an organic/inorganic composite porous separator, which comprises: (a) a porous substrate having pores; and (b) an organic/inorganic composite layer formed by coating at least one region selected from the group consisting of a surface of the substrate and a part of pores present in the substrate with a mixture of inorganic porous particles and a binder polymer, wherein the inorganic porous particles have a plurality of macropores with a diameter of 50 nm or greater in the particle itself thereby form a pore structure, a manufacturing method thereof, and an electrochemical device using the same. As an additional pathway for lithium ions is created due to a number of pores existing in the inorganic porous particle itself, degradation in the battery performance can be minimized, and energy density per unit weight can be increased by the weight loss effect.
US08318346B2
A lithium ion battery includes an electrode assembly having a first electrode plate folded into a V-shaped sectional surface, a second electrode plate which is inserted into an inner-side surface of the first electrode plate and which has an opposite polarity to the said first electrode plate, and separator which is interposed between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, a case to receive the electrode assembly, and a first electrode tab electrically coupled to the first electrode plate and which extends to the exterior of the case, and a second electrode tab electrically coupled to the second electrode plate, and which extends to the exterior of the case.
US08318344B2
A negative electrode for a lithium battery includes an active material layer and a current collector. The active material layer has a plurality of crystal grains and the plurality of crystal grains include a plurality of pores. A first pore of the plurality of pores has a first length and a second length, the first length being the maximum length orthogonal to the current collector and the second length being the maximum length orthogonal to the first length, and the first length is greater than the second length.
US08318341B2
A pouch-type secondary battery including: an electrode assembly having a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate, and a separator disposed therebetween; and a pouch case including a first case part having a pouch to house the electrode assembly, a second case part disposed over an open end of the pouch, and sealing portions to seal the second case part to the first case part. The sealing portions include wing portions that are bent to cover opposing sides of the pouch, and bent portions that are bent from the wing portions, to cover a bottom surface of the pouch.
US08318340B2
Electrochemical cells including a casing or cup for direct electrical contact with a negative electrode or counter electrode and serving as the current collector for the electrode. The casing includes a substrate having a plated coating of an alloy including copper, tin and zinc, the coating having a composition gradient between the substrate and the external surface of the coating wherein the copper content is greater adjacent the substrate than at the external surface of the coating and the tin content is greater at the external surface of the coating than adjacent the substrate. Methods for forming a coated casing and an electrochemical cell including a coated casing are disclosed, preferably including providing an electrode casing with a coating utilizing variable current density plating that reduces discoloration of a surface exposed to the ambient atmosphere.
US08318332B2
A discrete track medium and a patterned medium that are excellent in both magnetic recording properties and corrosion resistance are realized. The medium has a magnetic recording layer, which includes a magnetic region formed in a projection portion of a projection/recess pattern over a substrate and a filler region embedded in a recess portion of the projection/recess pattern, and an organic compound, which exhibits corrosion inhibition action for cobalt or cobalt alloys, between the magnetic region and the filler region.
US08318324B2
An anthracene derivative having a specific asymmetric structure is provided. The asymmetric anthracenes are useful in an organic electroluminescence device and exhibit efficient light emission and a long performance lifetime.
US08318318B2
A web comprising a layer of crosslinked cellulosic fiber overlaid on and integral with at least one layer of regenerated cellulose fiber. The crosslinked cellulosic fiber can be sandwiched between two regenerated cellulose fiber layers. The regenerated cellulose can be viscose or lyocell.
US08318316B2
A plastic composite including a carrier material of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) or ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), and polyamide-12 layers (PA-12) adjoining the carrier material on both sides, can be utilized for the production of photovoltaic modules. The combination of carrier material with PA-12 provides improved insulating capacity for the module along with improved adhesion of the composite layers.
US08318312B2
In certain example embodiments, a coated article includes a Zn-doped zirconium based layer before heat treatment (HT). The coated article is heat treated sufficiently to cause the Zn-doped zirconium based layer to transform into a Zn-doped zirconium oxide based layer that is scratch resistant and/or chemically durable. The doping of the layer with Zn has been found to improve scratch resistance and/or corrosion resistance.
US08318309B2
The present invention provides epoxy curing agent compositions comprising benzylated aminopropylated alkylenediamine compounds. Amine-epoxy compositions and articles produced from these amine-epoxy compositions are also disclosed.
US08318306B2
The present invention relates to absorbent compositions which exhibit swelling, deswelling, and reswelling behavior. More specifically, absorbent compositions of this invention swell and absorb fluids after exposure to aqueous fluids, deswell and release fluids from the swollen absorbent compositions, and may also reswell and absorb fluids. The swelling-deswelling-reswelling behavior allows enhanced liquid distribution in absorbent composites.
US08318305B2
A resin composition comprising a fiber component and a resin component, whereinthe fiber component is (A) a surface-treated fiber (component A) which comprises 100 parts by weight of a fiber comprising a polyalkylene terephthalate and/or a polyalkylene naphthalene dicarboxylate (component Af) and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of a sizing agent having a glass transition point of −80° C. or higher and lower than 70° C. and adhered to the surface of the fiber (component Ac); andthe resin component comprises (B) an ethylene-based copolymer containing a glycidyl group (component B), (C) a modified polyolefin resin modified with an unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or an unsaturated carboxylic acid derivative (component C), and (D) a polyolefin resin having a melt flow rate of 40 to 200 g/10 min (component D), except for the components C and D, the content of the component D being 30 to 850 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the component A, and the total content of the components B and C being 5 to 630 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the component A,and a molded article thereof.
US08318304B2
An intumescent rod comprising an intumescent component formed of an intumescent material and a polymer matrix. The intumescent rod may include a second component forming a covering, core or layer adjacent the intumescent component. A method for manufacturing an intumescent rod including molding or extrusion of at least one of an intumescent component and an optional second component.
US08318298B2
Provided herein is a process for producing a layered sheet. The process involves preparing a cell dispersed urethane composition by a mechanical foaming method. The cell dispersed urethane composition is applied to a base material sheet and cured to produce a polyurethane foam layer of uniform thickness. A releasing sheet may be utilized to make the thickness of the polyurethane foamed layer uniform. Also, provided herein is a layered sheet produced by the above process. The polyurethane foamed layer may have spherical fine cells having an average cell diameter of 20 to 300 μm. The polyurethane foamed layer may have a specific gravity of 0.2 to 0.5. The polyurethane foamed layer may also have a Asker C hardness of 10 to 50 degrees.
US08318295B2
A carbon nanotube composite structure includes a matrix and a carbon nanotube structure. The matrix has a surface. The carbon nanotube structure is incorporated in the matrix. A distance between the carbon nanotube structure and the surface is less than 10 micrometers. The carbon nanotube structure includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes joined with each other by van der Waals attractive force.
US08318287B1
Packages for an integrated circuit die and methods and leadframes for making such packages are disclosed. The package includes a die, a die pad, peripheral metal contacts, bond wires, and an encapsulant. The die pad and contacts are located at a lower surface of the package. The die pad and the contacts have side surfaces which include reentrant portions and asperities to engage the encapsulant. A method of making a package includes providing a metal leadframe having a die pad in a rectangular frame. Tabs extend from the frame toward the die pad. The die pad and tabs have side surfaces with reentrant portions and asperities. A die is attached to the die pad. The die is electrically connected to the tabs. An encapsulant is applied to the upper and side surfaces of the leadframe. Finally, the leadframe is cut in situ so that the die pad and tabs are severed from the frame, the sides of the package are formed, and the package is severed from the leadframe.
US08318282B2
A microstructured antimicrobial film, an antimicrobial film assembly, a method of protecting a surface from microbial contamination, and a method of making a microstructured antimicrobial film. The microstructured antimicrobial film can include a substrate having a first side that includes a first major surface, a plurality of microstructured wells defined in the first side of the substrate, and an antimicrobial material positioned within at least some of the plurality of wells. Each of the plurality of wells can be at least partially defined by a base that is spaced a distance from the first major surface of the substrate. The antimicrobial material can be positioned, such that an upper surface of the antimicrobial material is spaced a distance from the first major surface of the substrate. The antimicrobial film assembly can include a roll or a stack of microstructured antimicrobial films.
US08318270B2
A liquid crystal display (“LCD”) panel includes a first substrate including a pixel electrode defining pixel areas, a first alignment layer disposed on the pixel electrode and a first reactive mesogen layer disposed on the first alignment layer, a second substrate including a common electrode layer disposed on an entire portion of the second substrate facing the first substrate, a second alignment layer disposed on the common electrode layer and a second reactive mesogen layer disposed on the second alignment layer, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second substrates and including a first liquid crystal compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, a second liquid crystal compound represented by Chemical Formula 2 and a third liquid crystal compound represented by Chemical Formula 3:
US08318269B2
Induction for thermochemical processes, and associated systems and methods are disclosed. A method in accordance with a particular embodiment includes placing first and second substrates in a reactor, with each substrate having a surface facing toward the other. Method can further include directing a precursor gas into the reactor and activating an induction coil proximate to the facing surfaces of the substrates to dissociate the precursor gas. A constituent of the precursor gas is deposited on both the first and second surfaces, and heat radiated from each surface and/or a constituent deposited on the surface is received at the other surface and/or the constituent deposited on the other surface.
US08318249B2
A chemical vapor deposition method such as an atomic-layer-deposition method for forming a patterned thin film includes applying a deposition inhibitor material to a substrate. The deposition inhibitor material is a hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol) having a degree of hydrolysis of less than 95%. The deposition inhibitor material is patterned simultaneously or subsequently to its application to the substrate, to provide selected areas of the substrate effectively not having the deposition inhibitor material. A thin film is substantially deposited only in the selected areas of the substrate not having the deposition inhibitor material.
US08318248B2
Methods for the selective deposition of materials within a porous substrate. The methods use the passivating effects of masking precursors applied to the porous substrate. A portion of a pore surface within the substrate is masked by exposing the substrate to one or more masking precursors. The depth of the pore surface that is masked is controllable by regulating the exposure of the substrate to the masking precursor. Application of the masking precursor prevents adsorption of one or more subsequently applied metal precursors about a portion of the pore surface coated by the masking precursor. Less than an entirety of the unmasked pore surface is coated by the metal precursor, forming a metal stripe on a portion of the pore surface. The depth of the metal stripe is controllable by regulating exposure of the porous substrate to the metal precursor. Subsequent exposure of the substrate to a saturating water application oxidizes the deposited precursors.
US08318245B2
The invention relates to a method for producing an optical article having antireflection or reflective properties and comprising a substrate having at least one main surface, comprising the step of depositing an sub-layer onto a substrate's main surface, the step of treating the sub-layer by ionic bombardment and the step of depositing onto said sub-layer a multilayered stack comprising at least one high refractive index layer and at least one low refractive index layer. According to a preferred embodiment, the deposition of the sub-layer is conducted in a vacuum chamber in which a gas is supplied during the deposition step.
US08318244B2
A method for fabricating electronic devices includes the steps of 1) printing a multi-layer electronic device on a silicone-based hard coating on a substrate, and 2) removing the device from the substrate. The silicone-based hard coating is an abrasion resistant coating with hardness ranging from 1 to 10 gigaPascals.
US08318240B2
The present inventions relate to methods and apparatus for detecting and mechanically removing defects and a surrounding portion of the photovoltaic layer and the substrate in a thin film solar cell such as a Group IBIIIAVIA compound thin film solar cell to improve its efficiency.
US08318234B2
The present invention provides a mixed aqueous solution of L-lysine and L-threonine, which is industrially useful as an animal feed ingredient. The solution is stable, concentrated, and has good handleability. Therefore, a mixed aqueous solution of L-lysine and L-threonine is provided which contains L-lysine, L-threonine, and water. The solution has a viscosity of 3300 cp or less at 20° C., a pH of 10-13, and a total concentration of L-lysine and L-threonine in the mixed aqueous solution of 70 g/100 g of water or more.
US08318231B2
The present invention generally relates to an improved two-part oxidizing system, as well as oxidizing compositions and methods for making and using the same, and in a particular embodiment to a two-part oxidizing system that, when mixed, yields an oxidizing composition. The two-part oxidizing system includes a metal chlorite first part, and an acid second part where the acid is sodium acid sulfate or a derivative thereof.
US08318226B2
An object of the present invention is to provide a milk-type food and drink including cow's milk packed in a transparent container such as a PET bottle, which does not generate off-flavor due to photoinduction even when the milk-type food and drink is a store-displaying commercial product which is apt to come under the influence of sunlight and fluorescent light. The invention relates to a milk-type food and drink packed in a transparent container which substantially shields light in the wavelength region of 550 to 720 nm, and a process for producing a milk-type food and drink, which comprises packing a milk-type food and drink in a transparent container which substantially shields light in the wavelength region of 550 to 720 nm.
US08318225B2
This invention relates to a composition that contains quercetin, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, caffeine, epigallocatechin gallate, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, and epigallocatechin.
