US08453219B2
Systems and methods of virtual world interaction, operation, implementation, instantiation, creation, and other functions related to virtual worlds (note that where the term “virtual world” is used herein, it is to be understood as referring to virtual world systems, virtual environments reflecting real, simulated, fantasy, or other structures, and includes information systems that utilize interaction within a 3D environment). Various embodiments facilitate interoperation between and within virtual worlds, and may provide consistent structures for operating virtual worlds. The disclosed embodiments may further enable individuals to build new virtual worlds within a framework, and allow third party users to better interact with those worlds.
US08453218B2
A system and methods for facilitating secure communications on a website are presented. The system comprising a security server configured to receive a secure message from a creator device is disclosed. The security server encodes the received message and sends the encoded message or a representation of the encoded message for posting on the website so that one or more users of the website have the ability to request that the security server make the message available after the encoded message has been decoded.
US08453214B1
Methods of the present inventions allow for locking a website. An exemplary method may comprise the steps of hosting a website on at least one server communicatively coupled to a network, receiving a request to lock the website, and, responsive to the request, changing access permissions to “read-only” for a directory, folder, file, database, or database table rendering the website functional.
US08453213B1
The present inventions may be implemented by tools for locking a website. An exemplary system may comprise a server communicatively coupled to a network, wherein the server hosts a website and stores the website's files in one or more folders or directories. An exemplary system also may comprise a website management server (also communicatively coupled to the network) hosting a control panel website configured to receive a request to lock the website and, responsive to the request, change access permissions for the website's files to “read-only.”
US08453212B2
According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for accessing resources of a secure computing network may be provided. The method may include receiving a request to allow a user to access a secure computing network. The user may be associated with an avatar that has a unique set of one or more identifiers that are associated with the user. A security clearance level of the avatar may be determined from the unique set of identifiers of the avatar. The avatar may be authorized to access one or more virtual compartments of the secure computing network according to the security clearance level of the avatar. The virtual compartment may comprise one or more resources of the secure computing network. The method may further include facilitating display of one or more resources of a virtual compartment accessed by the avatar.
US08453209B2
A service integration platform system for providing Internet services includes: an interface configured to receive a service request message that is initiated by a user of an application provided by an Independent Software Vendor (ISV), the service request message being implemented according to an Application Programming Interface (API) type and including a plurality of platform-level parameters that conform to the API type. The system further includes one or more processors coupled to the interface, configured to: locate a set of authentication checks that are appropriate for the API type, based at least in part on the plurality of platform-level parameters included in the service request message and a mapping of predefined combinations of platform-level parameters and corresponding sets of authentication checks; perform authentication of the service request according to the set of authentication checks; and route the service request to a service address of the Internet Service Provider (ISP) in the event that the service request is authenticated.
US08453207B1
A method for improving the security of secret authentication data during authentication transactions is provided that includes converting the secret authentication data of a user into scrambled secret authentication data by associating a different text-string with each item of information included in the secret authentication data. The method also includes capturing the scrambled secret authentication data with a communications device, and conducting an authentication transaction with the captured authentication data.
US08453197B2
A method, apparatus and system enable a temporary partition on a host to be isolated. More specifically, a temporary partition may be initialized in a partitioned host, assigned its own security policy and given the necessary resources to complete a task. Thereafter, the temporary partition may be dismantled. Since the temporary partition is isolated from the remaining partitions on the host, the temporary partition may be allowed to run a “weaker” security policy than the rest of the partitions because the isolation of the temporary partition ensures that the security of the remaining partitions may remain uncompromised.
US08453193B2
A method for displaying a webpage is described. The method involves receiving a broadcast stream including a program, playing the program in the broadcast stream to a viewer, displaying an icon to the viewer and receiving viewer input in response to display of the icon, pausing the playing of the program in response to receiving the viewer input, displaying a web page to the viewer in response to receiving the viewer input, and resuming the playing of the program.
US08453191B2
An apparatus, a method of transmitting data having audio and video content over a broadcast network employing time-slicing, a DVB-H system and an audio and video data processor. In one embodiment the method includes: (1) identifying points of a data stream corresponding to a beginning of each time-slice of a transmission stream, having multiple time-slices, to be used to transmit the data stream via a broadcast network, the data stream including an audio and a video stream, (2) injecting a synchronization packet at the points for each of the audio and video streams and (3) transmitting the transmission stream having the synchronization packets via the broadcast network.
US08453182B2
A mobile terminal includes a receiving unit for receiving broadcast data and supplementary information data associated with the broadcast data, a controller for retrieving and synchronizing the supplementary information data with the broadcast data for output, and an output unit for outputting the synchronized supplementary information data and the broadcast data in real time.
US08453181B1
A television, such as an HDTV receiver, includes a plurality of signal inputs each of which is adapted to receive television signals comprising a plurality of channels and communicate the received television signals to a processor/tuner for selection of the various channels by a user for viewing on a display of the television. A channel search routine for the detection of channels in the television signal is accomplished on the currently designated signal input rather than on all signal inputs of the television. The channels detected during the search of the currently designated signal input are included in a channel list that is stored in memory of the television. A GUI is preferably used to initiate the channel search and is capable of displaying the detected channels relating to the currently selected signal input. Channel lists for each signal input are updated as the channels are detected. A complete channel list may be maintained for all signal inputs as well as individual channel lists for each signal input.
US08453179B2
Information about the context of electronic media may be extracted automatically. The extracted information may then be used to select ancillary services or applications that may be of interest to the user. The context information may be developed from ancillary information associated with the media, such as metadata or electronic programming guides. It may also be extracted from the media itself, including identification of image elements, audio elements, or other depicted features within the media in order to obtain information about what is being displayed.
US08453177B2
In certain embodiments, a method of receiving digital television signals involves tuning a radio frequency tuner to receive a radio frequency modulated channel containing a transport stream; demodulating the channel to produce an output transport stream; the output transport stream containing an Internet Protocol (IP) stream of packets containing non-real time content, a FLUTE file description table (FDT), NRT service metadata and NRT content metadata; demultiplexing the IP stream of packets to produce: NRT content that is stored in an electronic storage medium, the FLUTE FDT, NRT service metadata, and NRT content metadata; parsing the metadata to produces NRT service metadata; NRT content description text and NRT content metadata; and processing the NRT content description text derived from a Text Fragment Table (TFT). This abstract is not to be considered limiting, since other embodiments may deviate from the features described in this abstract.
US08453173B1
Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for estimating demographic compositions of television audiences from audience similarities. In an aspect, pairwise cosine similarities of segment of viewers of rated and unrated television programs are determined, demographic information of rated programs is attributed to the unrated programs from the cosine similarity measures and demographic information for the rated programs.
US08453171B2
A method and system for auxiliary data detection. Data is received on a hand-held device from a display of a signal on a monitor. The signal is visually displayed on the monitor at a frequency. A modulated video signal is received on the hand-held device from a display device. The modulated video signal contains auxiliary data modulated within a video signal in a substantially invisible way. The modulated video signal is demodulated to obtain the auxiliary data. At least one of the data or the auxiliary data is processed to identify a promotional opportunity available through the hand-held device. The user of the hand-held device is notified of availability of the promotional opportunity through the hand-held device.
US08453170B2
A system for monitoring and recognizing audio broadcasts is described. The system includes a plurality of geographically distributed monitoring stations, each of the monitoring stations receiving unknown audio data from a plurality of audio broadcasts. A recognition system receives the unknown audio data from the plurality of monitoring stations and compares the unknown audio data against a database of signature files. The database of signature files, or index sets, corresponds to a library of known audio files, such that the recognition system is able to identify known audio files in the unknown audio stream as a result of the comparison. The system further includes a nervous system able to monitor and configure the plurality of monitoring stations and the recognition system, and a heuristics and reporting system able to analyze the results of the comparison performed by the recognition system and use metadata associated with each of the known audio files to generate a report of the contents of plurality of audio broadcasts.
US08453168B2
A disk drive including a main chassis; a tray on which a disk is to be removably mounted, the tray being installed to slide into/out of the main chassis, and including a pickup transporting unit that is configured to move a pickup base back and forth in a straight line in a radial direction of the disk. The pickup base includes an optical pickup installed thereon, The disk drive also includes a lock releasing unit that is arranged on the tray, is driven by receiving a driving force of the pickup transporting unit, and releases lock of the tray from the main chassis. The disk drive drives a lock releasing unit by using driving force of a pickup transporting unit.
US08453143B2
The latency of virtual interrupt delivery in virtual machines is reduced by normalizing and exposing the virtual interrupt routing information of each VM to a privileged domain such as the VMkernel in an organized manner to enable virtual interrupt delivery that minimizes the number of VCPU hops. A computer implemented method of processing the virtual I/O request comprises receiving the virtual I/O request, responsive to completing a physical I/O corresponding to the virtual I/O request, referring to a virtual CPU set including information on a destination virtual CPU designated by the guest operating system for handling a virtual interrupt corresponding to the virtual I/O request, and generating the virtual interrupt corresponding to the virtual I/O request to the destination virtual CPU determined by referring to the virtual CPU set.
US08453135B2
A compiler selects a nested loop within software code that includes an outer loop and an inner loop. The outer loop includes an outer induction variable and the inner loop includes an inner induction variable. The compiler identifies a computation included in the nested loop that generates an irregular array access, which includes an expression of both the outer induction variable and the inner induction variable. Next, the compiler identifies a redundant calculation for the computation based upon the outer induction variable and the inner induction variable, and generates a temporary variable to correspond with the redundant calculation. The compiler replaces the computation with the temporary variable in the nested loop and, in turn, compiles the nested loop with the included temporary variable.
US08453131B2
A method of compiling code includes ordering instructions that protect and release critical sections in the code to improve parallel execution of the code according to an intrinsic order of the critical sections. According to one embodiment, the intrinsic order of the critical sections in the code is determined from data dependence and control dependence of instructions in the critical sections, and additional dependencies are generated to enforce the intrinsic order of the critical sections. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US08453126B1
A system and method for automated conversion of a SAS runtime macro language (RML) program to a target language program such as JAVA. RML macros are identified and converted for inclusion in the RML program. A lexer is applied to generate a stream of tokens, including a token type for ambiguous tokens. A context dependent parsing module, including a token filter to resolve ambiguous tokens, assists the parser in generating an abstract syntax tree (AST), which is modified to express RML specific control flow constructs with target language program elements. The elements of the modified AST are replaced with target language templates from a library, with template parameters filled from the corresponding AST element. A run time library is provided for execution of the target language program.
US08453120B2
A hardware and/or software facility for executing a multithreaded program is described. The facility causes each of a plurality of machines to execute the multithreaded program deterministically, such that the deterministic execution of the multithreaded program is replaced across the plurality of machines. The facility detects a problem in the execution of the multithreaded Program by one of the plurality of machines. In response, the facility adjusts the execution of the multithreaded program by at least one of the machines of the plurality.
US08453119B2
A system and method for automatic formal verification of an executable model includes an assertion monitor configured to verify a system against an assertion in a specification. The assertion monitor includes a parser configured to generate a propositional formula representing the assertion in the specification using Boolean propositions, a filter configured to generate a run of the system using truth assignments for the propositional symbols, and a trace verifier configured to verify the assertion using the run of the system using truth assignments for the propositional symbols and the propositional formula.
US08453117B2
In one embodiment, a method includes accessing an event-driven application input by a user, the event-driven application comprising source code, one or more use cases input by the user for the event-driven application, and one or more functional requirements input by the user for the event-driven application; parsing the use cases and the functional requirements according to the predefined syntax to construct one or more validation modules for validating the event-driven application without any modification to the source code of the event-driven application for validation purposes; formally validating the event-driven application using the validation modules without relying on assertions inserted into the source code of the event-driven application for validation purposes; and if the formal validation finds one or more defects in the event-driven application, generating output for communication to the user identifying the defects.
US08453115B2
Software development and testing systems use adaptive feedback to construct an input dataset for a target program. The target's operation is monitored to identify significant events that correlate with the input dataset. Critical events are detected and reported to a user. Various methods of implementing the adaptive feedback, and systems that can be tested using these methods, are also described.
US08453105B2
When building applications from specifications and software components, a software component is associated to a semantic description comprising at least one pertinent term for defining each public operation this software component is able to perform. An analysis module receives a specification describing an application to be built, performs a semantic analysis of this specification to extract elementary requirements from the specification text and links between these elementary requirements, these links defining the structure of the specification. The analysis module extracts, for each elementary requirement, the pertinent terms it comprises and builds a semantic description based on its extracted pertinent terms and representing the semantics of this elementary requirement. The analysis module accesses the storing module to determine, for each extracted elementary requirement, which component(s) can perform the extracted elementary requirement, and a processing module assembles the determined software components according to the structure of the specification.
US08453104B2
Various technologies and techniques are disclosed for providing a thin client software development environment. A server-based software development application is provided that is operable to be displayed in a thin client user interface on a client computer. The server-based development application has a server-based compiler. Input is received from the client computer to interact with a software development project using the server-based software development application. The software development project is stored in a location accessible from the software development application. A compile selection is received from the client computer to compile the software development project using the server-based software development application. A compiled application is generated with the server-based software development application and provided to the client computer. A sharing feature allows the software development project to be accessed by multiple users from different client computers.
US08453102B1
Technique assesses the impact of physical circuit variations, specification parameter variation, or process variations on clock, signal, and power network performance and through a hierarchical modeling and hierarchical Monte Carlo simulation method.
US08453100B2
A method (and computer program) identify shapes and locations of transistor elements within a geometric circuit layout. The transistor elements include an active area, at least one gate conductor and other transistor elements. Also, the gate conductor has sides running in a first direction, and has a width dimension running in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The method defines regions within the geometric circuit layout. To do so, the method defines a first region having a perimeter positioned along the sides of the gate conductor where the gate conductor intersects the active area and then expands the perimeter of the first region in the second direction to edges of the active area to define a perimeter of a second region. The first region and the second share perimeters in the first direction. The method then expands the perimeter of the second region in the first direction to define a perimeter of a third region. The second region and the third region share perimeters in the second direction. The method then separately evaluates effects the other transistor elements have within each of the first region, the second region, and the third region, to determine a characteristic of the gate conductor.
US08453098B2
A leakage power control vector is loaded into existing test scan chain elements for application to circuit elements of a circuit in which the leakage currents are to be controlled. The vector is designed to configure the circuit elements into states in which leakage currents are reduced. A multiplexer selects the power control vector for loading into the scan chain elements, and a clock generator clocks the configuration vector into the scan chain elements. A sleep mode detector may be provided to configure the multiplexer to select the power control vector and to operate the clock generator to clock the power control vector into the scan chain elements when a sleep mode of the circuit is detected.
US08453093B2
An automated method for aligning a critical datapath in an integrated circuit design inserts an artificial alignment net in the netlist which interconnects all cells in the bit stack of the datapath. The cells are placed using a wirelength optimization which assigns weights to wire sections based on the alignment direction. The rate of change of the alignment weighting value can vary during different stages of global placement. The invention is particularly suited for a force-directed placer which uses a linear system solver to obtain a globally optimum solution for placement of the cells having some overlap among the cells, and thereafter spreads the cells to reduce the overlap. Pseudo nets are also inserted which interconnect a cell and an expected location of the cell after spreading for that iteration.
US08453091B1
Disclosed is an improved approach for managing, tracking, and querying hierarchical data in layouts. According to some aspects, hierarchical grids are employed utilizing a scheme that organizes physical objects into a set of gradually refined grids that avoids the need to maintain duplicates while enhancing the desirable characteristics of existing schemes, including fast query times, fast data structure initialization and reduced memory footprint. Each grid-cell may be further partitioned into sub-containers to more efficiently provide space pruning during query operations. According to one approach, structures maintained to track existence of objects in a descendent hierarchy.
US08453090B2
In an embodiment, a system for optimizing a logic circuit is disclosed. The system is configured to identify an input of a logic circuit cell that violates a timing condition. The input of the logic circuit is coupled to a plurality of logic paths having at least one level of logic. The system is also configured to identify a last node along one of the plurality logic path that violates the timing condition, and insert a buffer at least one node before the last node along the one of the plurality of logic paths that violates the timing condition. The buffer also has a delay optimized to fix the timing condition.
US08453088B2
Various embodiments related to identifying regions including physical defects in semiconductor devices are disclosed. For example, one embodiment includes receiving an electrical test mismatch reported for a scan chain; identifying a suspect logical region including a plurality of logic cones electrically connected with the scan chain; adjusting a scope of the suspect logical region by simulating data flow within the logic cones, generating simulated scan chain output based on the simulated data flow within the logic cones, and excluding at least one of the logic cones from the suspect logical region based on a comparison of the electrical test mismatch and the simulated scan chain output; after adjusting the scope of the suspect logical region, generating a candidate defect region, the candidate defect region being defined to include physical instantiations of logical cells and logical interconnections included in the suspect logical region; and displaying the candidate defect region.
US08453081B2
A method for electrical design space exploration includes receiving a template for an electrical design. Design component parameters associated with at least one component in the electrical design are also received. Weighted factors are assigned to design complexity parameters of the electrical design. The parameters of the complexity can include at least one of following: whether the electrical design is known, a number of the design component parameters, a level of interaction among the design component parameters, a time constraint and a memory restriction of a simulation, and whether a statistical analysis or a worst case approach is used to analyze an output of the simulation. A simulation approach for design space exploration of the electrical design is selected based on the weighted factors for the parameters of the complexity of the electrical design. The simulation is performed based on the selected simulation approach.
US08453076B2
Optical wave data for a semiconductor device design is divided into regions. First wavefront engineering is performed on the wave data of each region, accounting for just the wave data of each region and not accounting for the wave data of neighboring regions of each region. The optical wave data of each region is normalized based on results of the first wavefront engineering. Second wavefront engineering is performed on the wave data of each region, based at least on the wave data of each region as has been normalized. The second wavefront engineering takes into account the wave data of each region and a guard band around each region that includes the wave data of the neighboring regions of each region. The second wavefront engineering can be sequentially performed by organizing the regions into groups, and sequentially performing the second wavefront engineering on the regions of each group in parallel.
US08453059B2
A web traffic visualization system includes a generation module configured to generate a web map. The web map includes web objects and links connecting the web objects, where the web objects are for a web site. The web traffic visualization system also includes an acceptance module configured to assign a unique ID to a visitor of the web site and receive a visitor action performed by the visitor on a web object in the web site tagged with the unique ID. The web traffic visualization system is further configured to include a visualization module configured to generate and display the visitor action on the web map in response to receiving the visitor action tagged with the unique ID.
US08453052B1
Methods, systems and apparatus, including computer program products, for real-time document sharing and editing. In one aspect, a method includes comparing a first user's and a second user's changes to a document, the document being edited by the first user and the second user concurrently; and notifying the first user of a conflicting change and content of any conflicting change to the document made by the first user but not made to the document because of the conflicting change. In another aspect, a method includes recording a saved position of a cursor of a user editing a client-side copy of a document; receiving an update to the document and generating an updated client-side copy of the document; using the saved position to determine an updated position of the cursor; and displaying to the user the updated client-side copy of the document with the cursor displayed at the updated position.
US08453047B2
Systems and methods for automatically submitting data entered into a web page in the event the user shifts focus away from the form may include displaying a web page to a user, the web page containing a form; receiving, from the user, at least some input corresponding to the form; detecting that the form has lost user focus; and submitting, in response to the detection, the form.
US08453040B2
Obscuring information in messages to be exchanged over a communications network. In one aspect, the information comprises path name information and parameters for use in a Uniform Resource Locator (“URL”). In another aspect, the information comprises links and parameters used in forms, where hidden parameters are removed from a form and used as URL parameters. A compression dictionary is used to create a compressed form of the information. An identifier of the dictionary and an error detection code (such as a checksum) computed over the compressed information are concatenated with the compressed information, and this is encoded for sending on an outbound message. The original information is then recovered from an inbound message which contains the obscured information by reversing the processing used for the obscuring.
US08453037B2
Turbo coding having combined turbo de-padding and rate matching de-padding. An approach is presented by which a singular module is operable to perform both zero bit de-padding and dummy bit de-padding in accordance with turbo encoding. Zero padding can be performed on an input information stream before undergoing turbo encoding. One or more of the 3 outputs from the turbo encoding module (e.g., systematic bits, parity 1 bits, and parity 2 bits) may then undergo dummy bit padding as well. Thereafter, these 3 streams (some or all of which may have undergone dummy bit padding) undergo sub-block interleaving. After all of these operations have taken place, a singular combined de-padding module that can be employed to perform de-padding any zero padded bits and any dummy padded bits from each of the three streams that have undergone the sub-block interleaving.
US08453036B1
A storage server resizes an array of mass storage devices and distributes data blocks stored in the array of mass storage devices evenly in a declustered organization across the resized array of mass storage devices. Resizing the array of mass storage devices may include adding a new mass storage device to the array or removing a mass storage device from the array. During resizing a data block is moved from one mass storage device to another mass storage device to minimize the imbalance of parity groups shared by the new mass storage devices in the array, as well as minimize the number of data blocks to be moved to uniformly balance the load across the new mass storage device.
US08453032B2
Provided are methods and systems of selectively decoding optical data read from an optical storage medium based on a checksum algorithm technique. In one embodiment, optical data is converted into a data stream and buffered, and the checksum algorithm is applied to the data stream. If the calculated checksum matches an encoded checksum of the data stream, the data stream may be output without requiring further decoding. If the calculated checksum does not match the encoded checksum, the buffered data stream may be decoded to produce a corrected data stream, and the checksum algorithm may be applied to the corrected data stream. In some embodiments, the optical data may be re-read if the corrected data stream does not pass the checksum test, and the data stream obtained from the re-reading may be combined with the buffered data stream for further decoding.
US08453028B2
An error detection coding processing section of the radio base station performs an error detection coding process with data including both first control data to be used for receiving a downlink signal and second control data to be used for sending an uplink signal as a unit. A sending section sends data on which the error detection coding process has been performed by the error detection coding processing section to the mobile station.
US08453027B2
Techniques for determining similarity between error reports received by an error reporting service. An error report may be compared to other previously-received error reports to determine similarity and facilitate diagnosing and resolving an error that generated the error report. In some implementations, the similarity may be determined by comparing frames included in a callstack of an error report to frames included in callstacks in other error reports to determine an edit distance between the callstacks, which may be based on the number and type of frame differences between callstacks. Each type of change may be weighted differently when determining the edit distance. Additionally or alternatively, the comparison may be performed by comparing a type of error, process names, and/or exception codes for the errors contained in the error reports. The similarity may be expressed as a probability that two error reports were generated as a result of a same error.
US08453026B2
A process for conserving storage space and time while recording not only a pass or fail result per die but also additional failure test pattern data by computing and comparing digital fault signatures or hash values on a tester.
US08453017B2
An electronic device includes: a memory unit; and a control unit which selects, from a set of information corresponding to a plurality of errors, selected information corresponding to an error that occurred, such that at least one of a type and a frequency of the error that occurred satisfies/satisfy a predetermined condition. The control unit also causes the memory unit to store the selected information.
US08453016B2
Methods for managing response data within an information handling system (IHS), where the method includes the step of obtaining response data from at least one component in the IHS, the response data generated in response to receiving a command. The method also includes accumulating the response data from the at least one component to compute a total response time.
US08453015B2
A method and module for performing a crash dump in a data processing apparatus in which memory for running the crash dump routine is allocated at the time of the crash. The method comprises running a first routine to identify memory locations of data for use by a second routine; allocating memory for performing the second routine from a memory range that does not contain the identified memory locations; and running the second routine using the allocated memory, wherein the first routine comprises a dummy crash dump routine and the second routine comprises a crash dump routine. The dummy crash dump may use smaller data sizes and does not perform any input or output to non-volatile storage of the data to be dumped. When a memory range that is safe to be reused has been identified, the data stored therein can be dumped and then memory for performing the actual crash dump routine can be allocated from the memory range and be reused for performing the actual crash dump routine.
US08453014B2
A management system, which manages an information processing system by identifying a cause location based on previously defined analysis rule information, displays a status that is a condition of the analysis rule information but is not receivable, based on acquirable status information of the apparatuses making up the information processing system or information about statuses received in the past.
US08453012B2
A system and method for communicating information relating to powered device (PD) power interruption and associated power sourcing equipment (PSE) fallback power. A PD can be powered using a primary local power source and a secondary power over Ethernet (PoE) power source. The PD communication can provide information that relates to PSE power delivery to the PD that is contingent upon detection of a failure occurring at the powered device.
US08453005B2
An invention is provided for monitoring an item, such as a container. The invention includes a computer in communication with a receiver that receives signals from a remote source. A transmitter in communication with the computer receives values from the computer based on the signals received from the remote source. These values are then transmitted to a security device associated with the item, which includes an authentication table comprising a plurality of initial values. The security device then records values transmitted from the transmitter. The values can be jitter values, with each jitter value being a difference in arrival times of at least two timing signals from the same remote source.
US08453002B2
According to one embodiment, an electronic apparatus includes a first power saver, a second power saver and a controller. The first power saver executes switching from an operable condition to a first power saving state. The second power saver executes switching from the first state to a second state in which power consumption is smaller than that in the first state. The controller determines whether timer event processing executable in the first state is scheduled within a predetermined period of time when the switching from the operable condition to the second state is required, and controls the first power saver and the second power saver so as to execute switching to the first state and maintains the first state without switching to the second state, when the timer event processing is scheduled within the predetermined period of time.
US08453001B2
A method for determining switching of the sleep mode for a device is provided. The device and a base station have several connections therebetween. In the determining method, one of the connections is first provided and it is determined whether the connection is realtime or non-realtime. It is then determined whether or not the realtime and non-realtime connections satisfy the condition for entering the sleep mode according to a first condition and a second condition, respectively. If the connection does not satisfy the condition for entering the sleep mode, the device enters the normal mode. If the connection satisfies the condition for entering the sleep mode, then the foregoing steps are repeated till the connections have all been checked. If all of the connections satisfy the condition for entering the sleep mode, the device enters the sleep mode.
US08453000B2
In order to avoid loss of data, computer systems are often connected to a UPS which provides power backup in case of an emergency shutdown resulting from a power failure. However, as UPS units are costly, they take up a lot of physical space and can provide power for a limited period of time, it would be advantageous to improve the efficiency of UPS devices and enable to utilize as much as possible of the UPS power in order to save data to a permanent storage before shutdown. There is provided a method and system for controlling the frequency of one or more processors in computer systems, responsive to an indication of a power failure, and thereby reduce its power consumption, so as to provide more power for writing write-pending data to a non-volatile data storage.
US08452998B2
A system and method for wireless waking computing devices over a computer network is provided. A signal is broadcast over the network that includes one or more device specific wake-up data sequences. Each device specific wake-up data sequence includes multiple iterations of the hardware address of the wireless network card associated with that device. While in a reduced power or “sleep mode”, the wireless network card monitors wireless channels for packets containing a wake-up data sequence. If a wake-up data sequence is received, the sequence is matched against the hardware address information for that network card. If a match is determined, the network card sends a signal to the computing device causing full system power to be restored. A signal is sent to the network confirming that the device has been successfully woken from the sleep mode.
US08452996B2
Drivers which control hardware devices in a network adapter chip are disabled prior to reducing power to a first portion of circuits in the network adapter chip. Power is received by a second portion of circuits which are utilized for detecting network activity and communicating the activity to processors. Upon network activity detection, the first portion of circuits receives power. Drivers are enabled subsequent to detection. Drivers are enabled after receiving power by the first portion of circuits. Processors control hardware devices, disable devices before power reduction, enable devices after network activity detection and enable devices after receiving power. The network adapter chip is reset for power reception. A power reduction mode is selected where drivers are disabled after reducing power. Drivers are enabled after hardware devices are enabled. A first state is characterized by no signal before disabling drivers. A second state is characterized by signal detection before receiving power.
US08452992B2
An embodiment of a method and system are provided for managing both system resources and power consumption of a computer system, involving different layers of the system: an application layer, a middle layer where the operating system is running and where a power manager is provided, and a hardware layer used for communicating with the hardware devices. Hardware devices have different operating modes which provide distinct trade-offs between performances and power consumption. Performance requirements defined at the level of the application layer, as well as the device power status of the system, set constraints on the system resources. The middle layer power manager may be in charge of retrieving performance requirements in form of constraints set on system parameters, aggregating these constraints opportunely and communicating corresponding information to the device drivers which may then select a best operating mode.
US08452987B2
Methods and systems for software security in a secure communication system are disclosed and may include verifying downloaded code in a reprogrammable system and reloading prestored unmodifiable first stage code upon failure. The prestored unmodifiable first stage code, which may comprise boot code for the reprogrammable system, may be stored in locked flash, and the downloaded software code may be stored in unlocked flash. The downloaded software code may be verified by comparing a signature of the downloaded code to a private key. A first sticky bit may be utilized to indicate a failure of the verification and a second sticky bit may be utilized to indicate passing of the verification and the use of the downloaded software code. Whether to reset the reprogrammable system and reload the prestored unmodifiable first stage code may be determined from within the reprogrammable system, which may comprise a set-top box.
US08452983B2
A system, method, and computer program for protecting numerical control codes, comprising decrypting an encrypted text file that defines how an event for a tool path data set is processed; processing said decrypted text file to obtain a set of instructions; formatting said set of instructions according to a definition file; and outputting said set of formatted instructions; whereby postprocessed machine controls are written and appropriate means and computer-readable instructions.
US08452975B2
The present invention provides a signature generation device and a signature verification device capable of countering a transcript attack that seeks a private key by analyzing a plurality of signed documents (pairs of a message and a signature) signed using the NTRUSign signature scheme. The signature generation device calculates a hash value vector H of message data, adds a vector based on a private distribution to the hash value vector H to calculate a converted hash value vector H′, and seeks, as a signature vector S, the closest lattice point to the converted hash value vector H′ in a lattice defined by private key basis vectors. The signature verification device determines whether the distance between the hash value vector H of the message data and the signature vector S is equal to or less than L′ and, if so, recognizes the message data as valid.
US08452970B2
A system and method for code signing. The entities may be software application developers or other individuals or entities that wish to have applications digitally signed. Signing of the applications may be required in order to enable the applications to access sensitive APIs and associated resources of a computing device when the applications are executed on the computing device.
US08452969B2
A method for authenticating a message that is transmitted wirelessly. The method includes providing a set of private key values that define a private key and performing a key pair generation process that provides a key pair including the private key and a public key, where performing the key pair generation process includes applying one or more hash functions to the private key values, where a succeeding hash function provides a hash of a previous hash function. The scheme uses a signature generation process that generates a message digest by applying a hash function on the message to be signed and then separates the message digest into two parts including signing bits and selection bits and using the private key to sign the message. A receiver verifies the authenticity of the received message using the public key and a signature verification algorithm.
US08452959B2
A method, performed by a registrar of a presence service, for registering a user with a presence service. The method entails negotiating a key with a client device operated by the user in order to establish an encrypted communications channel between the client device and the registrar via a proxy node, authenticating the user by exchanging messages through the encrypted communications channel and through a separate e-mail channel, binding a universally unique identifier identifying the user with one particular function node that is interposed between the proxy node and a publish-subscribe subsystem of the presence service and creating a user profile for the user and storing the user profile in a persistent data store.
US08452956B1
A data security device for providing a network transport connection via a transparent network proxy that employs different encryption security mediums along a communications session between two endpoints by emulating one of the endpoints at an intermediate node such that the communication session appears as an atomic, secure connection to the endpoints yet provides appropriate security over the end-to-end connection. A sender node sends a connection request to establish a secure communication session with an intended receiver node. A transparent proxy on an intermediate node receives the request and establishes the link employing an encryption mechanism. The transparent proxy establishes a second link with the intended receiver, and applies a second, less expensive encryption mechanism. The transparent proxy combines the two links to form the trusted, secure connection but incurring only the mitigated expense over the second link.
US08452955B2
Methods and apparatus for securely transmitting sensitive information to a remote device at the request of an application program are provided. The application program generates a request to a secure channel provider to make a transmission to a remote device. A first message is passed from the from the application program to the secure channel provider containing insertion point codes indicating locations within the first message where the sensitive information should be inserted. Sensitive information is obtained from a source outside of the application program and the sensitive information is inserted into the first message at the locations in the first message indicated by the insertion point codes to form a second message containing the sensitive information. The second message is encrypted and this encrypted message is transmitted to the remote device. The sensitive information is unaccessed by the application program during the execution of the method.
US08452954B2
Methods and systems to bind a computer device to one or more computer systems, such that only an authorized computer system may access a protected portion of the device. A processor within the computer system may provide a proxy environment to interface between the device and a trusted environment of the computer system, such as a management environment that is secure from the proxy environment. The device may be configured to authenticate the trusted environment through the proxy environment, and to verify integrity of messages exchanged with the trusted environment through the proxy environment. Authentication may include a SSL and/or TSL handshake protocol. The device may be configured to authenticate a certificate, such as an X.509 certificate, a certificate chain, and/or a hash thereof. The device may include computer memory, a printer, display, circuit board, keyboard, mouse, pointing device, and/or other physical device.
US08452933B2
Data written in the primary logical volume of the first storage device are transmitted to the third storage device via the second storage device, the data being written in the same location as the primary logical volume within the secondary logical volume in the third storage device; when transmission of the data stops among the first to the third storage devices, the respective second storage device and the third storage device manage locations in the secondary logical volume where the data held thereby are to be written; and, when transmission of the data resumes among the first to the third storage devices, the locations in the secondary logical volume managed by the respective second and the third storage devices are aggregated, the data to be written in the respective aggregated location in the secondary logical volume being transmitted from the first storage device to the third storage device via the second storage device.
US08452907B2
A data processing apparatus and method are provided for arbitrating access to a shared resource. The data processing apparatus includes a plurality of requester elements sharing access to the shared resource, and arbitration circuitry which is responsive to requests asserted by one or more of the requester elements for access to the shared resource, to perform a priority determination operation to select one of the asserted requests as a winning request. Each of the asserted requests has a priority level associated therewith, and the apparatus further comprises relative priority ordering circuitry for attributing relative priorities to the plurality of requester elements. The arbitration circuitry is responsive to the asserted requests to perform the priority determination operation in order to select as the winning request the request asserted by the requester element with the highest relative priority whose asserted request has a priority level not exceeded by any other asserted request. This provides a very flexible mechanism for performing arbitration, while allowing priority levels to be set on a request-by-request basis, thereby facilitating use of the arbitration circuitry with various quality of service mechanisms.
US08452905B2
A serial port remote control circuit includes a first interface circuit, a control circuit, an output circuit, and a power circuit. The first interface circuit converts recommended standard 232 (RS232) level signals to transistor-transistor logic (TTL) level signals or vice versa. The control circuit is connected to the first interface circuit, to convert the TTL level signals to physical bus signal or vice versa. The output circuit is connected to the control circuit, to convert the received physical bus signals from the control circuit to network bus signals or vice versa. The power circuit outputs a first voltage and a second voltage converted from the first voltage to the control circuit, the first interface circuit, and the output circuit.
US08452901B1
An improved technique for handling events in a multipathing driver employs an event queue and a queue manager that run in the kernel of a computing system. The queue manager receives events raised by the multipathing driver, as well as events raised by software constructs, such as application programs. Records of events are added to the event queue in the order the queue manager receives them. Event records may be consumed chronologically by external software. Preferably, the event queue is sufficiently large to store all events arising out of most predicted fault scenarios. Also, the queue manager is sophisticated and can perform certain diagnostic and analysis tasks without the aid of external software.
US08452885B2
A technique for managing the streaming of digital video content involves providing a unicast stream to a client in response to the playout status of the unicast stream at the client. In particular, a unicast stream is provided to a client based on whether or not the unicast stream is intended for real-time playout at the client. In order to preserve valuable network resources, if the client does not intend the unicast stream for real-time playout, the unicast stream is not provided to the client. Network resources can also be conserved by utilizing one session between a stream server and a client to support more than one active unicast stream between the stream server and the client in the case where at least one of the active unicast streams is not intended for real-time playout at the client.
US08452883B2
The disclosure relates to a method for data transmission between a field device and an operating device, wherein the field device is designed to communicate with a higher-level device using a fieldbus protocol in order to perform an automation engineering task, and wherein the operating device is designed as a master for bit-serial point-to-point communication using a packet-based transmission protocol. It is proposed to encode the data to be transmitted according to the specification of the fieldbus protocol, and to carry it over the transmission channel using the packet-based transmission protocol.
US08452882B2
Some embodiments of a method and an apparatus to validate a web session in a proxy server have been presented. In one embodiment, service of predetermined content is offloaded from an application server to a proxy server communicatively coupled between the application server and a client. Using the proxy server, access to the predetermined content by the client may be controlled.
US08452881B2
A system for bridging user identities between at least a first and a second security domain, including a bridge associated with the first security domain for intercepting messages for service in the second domain from users in the first domain. The bridge authenticates the user identities against a local authentication source by using an established key relationship and binds a security token with the message. A gateway is associated with the second domain for gating inbound access and outbound communication with a service in the second domain and for receiving the authenticated message and verifying the authenticity of the security token by using a certificate of the trusted authentication source and authorising access to the service upon confirmation of the authorisation, such that the authorisation is independent of the identity of the user.
US08452870B2
Systems and methods for monitoring the performance associated with fulfilling resource requests and determining optimizations for improving such performance are provided. A processing device obtains and processes performance metric information associated with processing a request corresponding to two or more embedded resources. The processing device uses the processed performance metric information to determine an allocation of one or more domains to be associated with the two or more embedded resources. In some embodiments, in making such a determination, the processing device assesses performance metric information collected and associated with subsequent requests for the two or more embedded resources using each of a variety of alternative allocations of domains associated with the two or more embedded resources. The processing device may also consider a number of factors, including domain selection criteria obtained from an original content provider. Aspects of systems and methods for generating recommendations to use a particular allocation of domains to process a subsequent request corresponding to the two or more embedded resources are also provided.
US08452868B2
According to some example embodiments, systems, apparatus, methods and computer program products are provided for monitoring articles, such as in a commercial environment.
US08452862B2
A server migration tool used to construct data center migration scenarios allowing for a user to rapidly manipulate a large number of input parameters required to describe a transformation from one data center configuration to a new data center configuration. The tool then performs the transformation and allows the user to interact with new data center configuration to understand its performance. A novel parameterization, speed independent service demand (SISD), greatly facilitates scaling performance metrics between different hardware platforms.
US08452858B2
A Universal Serial Bus (USB) modem/Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN) device is provided that when connected to a host device, presents itself as an Ethernet endpoint to the host device, without requiring additional software/drivers to be downloaded to the host device. Embedded in the USB modem/WWAN device are various modules that provide functionality allowing either automatic connection to the Internet or redirection to a local Web User Interface (UI) that a user may employ to configure the USB modem/WWAN device and/or manually connect to the Internet. Additionally, the USB modem/WWAN device employs predetermined rules to determine whether or not/how the redirection occurs, including in scenarios where wireless connectivity to the Internet is unavailable.
US08452854B2
A method and apparatus for manipulating email attachments within a server remotely from a mobile communication device, comprising, receiving a first message within the server, wherein the message has at least one attachment; displaying at least one menu option within the mobile communication device for manipulating the attachment; sending a further message to the server from the mobile communication device responsive to selection of the at least one menu option for manipulating the attachment; and temporarily copying the attachment into a buffer within the server for subsequent re-use.
US08452853B2
A computer implemented method, apparatus, and computer program product for a computer implemented method, apparatus, and computer usable program code for providing an offline version of an online application. In one embodiment, the process initiates an online application on a connected client device using a specific operating environment associated with the online application. In response to detecting the online application going to an offline status, a determination is made as to whether a native application on the client device is present that is supportive of the online application. In response to a determination that the native application is present, the native application is executed using the specific operating environment associated with the online application. The specific operating environment associated with the online application on a server is transferred to an environment associated with the native application on the client.
US08452850B2
In one embodiment, an improved method for crawling a web site is provided. At least one page of the web site has a reference for executing by a browser to produce an address for a next page. The web site is crawled by the crawler program, which includes querying the web site server. The crawler parses such a reference from one of the web pages, and sends the reference to an applet running in the browser. The address for the next page is determined by the browser responsive to the reference. The address is then sent to the crawler. In an application of the improved crawler, the crawler is used for reducing dynamic data generation on the web site server. In this application, at least some of the web pages are dynamically generated responsive to the crawler queries. The server generated web pages are processed to generate corresponding processed versions of the web pages, so that the processed versions can be served in response to future queries, reducing dynamic generation of web pages by the server.
US08452842B2
A method of controlling the retention of publications in a publish/subscribe system, the method comprising receiving, at a message broker, a first publication from a publisher on a topic; receiving, at the message broker, a second publication from the publisher on the topic; identifying, at the message broker, whether the first publication should be overwritten with the second publication and, if not, retaining at least payload data from both the first and second publications on the topic; and storing, for the second publication, if retained, data indicating when the second publication was published to the broker. Other methods, apparatus, and computer readable media are also provided.
US08452841B2
Apparatus and methods for supporting text chat for at-risk customers are provided. A method for operating an electronic information processing platform may include receiving, via the electronic information processing platform, information indicating that a customer exhibits behavior indicative of a desire to terminate a relationship with an entity. The method may further include, transmitting to the customer a text chat invitation, via the electronic information processing platform, in response to the received information.
US08452840B2
An e-mail application calculates a dynamic estimate of an e-mail response time. A recipient address module, a status module, a processing module, and a presentation module interact to generate a first and a second estimated response time. The first estimated response time is determined from sender side data. The second estimated response time is generated using recipient mailbox status data after the e-mail is received by the recipient. The second estimated response time is used to dynamically update the estimated response time displayed to the sender.
US08452832B2
An improved system and method for web destination profiling for online population-targeted advertising is provided. A web destination profiler may be provided for generating web destination profiles. Traffic may be analyzed at a particular web destination in order to understand the population visiting the web destination. The analysis of user traffic, including differentiated clickstream data, may be applied for determining known characteristics of a web destination profile. Moreover, unknown characteristics of a web destination profile may be determined using a variety of techniques including inferring characteristics by modeling traffic flow through other web destinations, estimating characteristics from other web destination profiles by predicting traffic flow through other web destinations, propagating characteristics to a web destination profile by smoothing a joint distribution of characteristics of other web destination profiles, and so forth. Web destination profiles may be used by applications such as an online application for population-targeted advertising.
US08452829B2
A feedback module is defined to receive as input a set of data sample signals and a set of reference sample signals. Each of the data and reference sample signals is generated by sampling a differential signal having been transmitted through a FIR filter. The feedback module is defined to operate a respective post cursor counter for each post cursor of the FIR filter and update the post cursor counters based on the received sets of data and reference sample signals. Also, the feedback module is defined to generate a tap weight adjustment signal for a given tap weight of the FIR filter when a magnitude of a post cursor counter corresponding to the given tap weight is greater than or equal to a threshold value. An adaptation module is defined to adapt a reference voltage used to generate the reference sample signals to a condition of the differential signal.
US08452828B1
Method and apparatus for implementing finite impulse response filters without the use of multipliers
A finite impulse response filter is implemented as a sum of individual component, running-sum filters. The sum of all of the component filters required for a desired filter response is calculated in an accumulator and only the component filters' update terms, which are the difference between a new and an old discarded sample, is calculated for each component filter. A desired impulse response is decomposed into a sum of rectangular impulse responses of equal height, each of which implemented as a running sum requiring a subtraction and an addition. Using circuits running at a multiple of the sampling clock, multiple running sums may be implemented on the same hardware. A whole filter of arbitrary impulse response shapes and lengths may be implemented using memory and two arithmetic units. Two or more such filters may be cascaded to obtain a better approximation of the desired frequency characteristic. The invention saves significant chip resources and manufacturing costs.
US08452827B2
The invention relates to a data processing system for performing a polyphase filtering. This circuit comprises functional units (304, 305, 306) able to perform polyphase filterings, and a memory device (301, 302, 308) for storing data and coefficients. The functional units receive in parallel data and coefficients coming from the memory device, calculate results from the data and coefficients and supply these results to the memory device.
US08452824B2
A binary logic unit to apply any Boolean operation on two input signals (va, vb) is described, wherein any Boolean operation to be applied on the input signals (va, vb) is defined by a particular combination of well defined control signals (ctl0, ctl1, ctl2, ctl3), wherein the input signals (va, vb) are used to select a control signal (ctl0, ctl1, ctl2, ctl3) as an output signal (vo) of the binary logic unit representing the result of a particular Boolean operation applied on the two input signals (va, vb). Furthermore a method to operate such a binary logic unit is described.
US08452821B2
A directory services implementation is provided to associate distributed file system (DFS) links with individual directory objects, and metadata to attributes thereof, to allow leveraging directory services features for DFS for a given namespace. For example, updating directory objects with modified metadata related to DFS links requires only that the directory object related to the link be updated rather than an entire directory object related to the corresponding namespace. Moreover, directory services functionalities such as querying can be utilized with DFS to provide efficient location of updated records. In this regard, efficient replication of DFS throughout a network is facilitated.
US08452820B2
To reduce the trouble required for creating and editing configuration data composed of pairs of an element names and element values. The system includes a file storage unit 120 storing a configuration data file describing pairs of element names and element values concerning respective predetermined elements; a reception unit 110 receiving a creation instruction of configuration data designating a predetermined configuration data file stored in the file storage unit 120 and an operation method; an operation unit 130 reading out the configuration data file designated by the creation instruction from the file storage unit 120, conducting an operation with respect to the element value for each element of the configuration data file in accordance with the operation method designated by the creation instruction, and creating a new configuration data file in which, for each respective elements, a pair of an element name which is identical to the one in the original configuration data file and an element value resulted from an operation is described; and an output unit 150 outputting the new configuration data created by the operation unit 130.
US08452819B1
Methods and apparatus for optimizing resource utilization in distributed storage systems. A data migration technique is described that may operate in the background in a distributed storage data center to migrate data among a fleet of storage units to achieve a substantially even and randomized data storage distribution among all storage units in the fleet. When new storage units are added to the fleet and coupled to the data center network, the new storage units are detected. Instead of processing and storing new data to the newly added storage units, as in conventional distributed storage systems, the new units are blocked from general client I/O to allow the data migration technique to migrate data from other, previously installed storage hardware in the data center onto the new storage hardware. Once the storage load on the new storage units is balanced with the rest of the fleet, the new storage units are released for general client I/O.
US08452818B2
Described herein is a technology for visualizing data. In accordance with some implementations, dimension metadata is automatically extracted from multiple documents. The extracted dimension metadata may be used to populate one or more relation dimensions. Based on the dimension metadata, one or more relations between the documents are determined along the one or more relation dimensions. A relation graph is presented to represent the documents interconnected by the one or more relations.
US08452804B2
A database management system (DBMS) for servicing query statements through one or more client machines. The DBMS comprises a query interface adapted to receive query statements from the client machines. The query handling mechanism (i) receives each request from the query interface, (ii) extracts a set of dimensions associated with the request, (iii) uses the dimensions to retrieve aggregated fact data from a multi-dimensional database (MDDB), and (iv) forwards retrieved aggregated fact data to the query processing mechanism for subsequent processing. When the query processing mechanism determines that servicing of one or more query requests require data stored in the relational tables, then the query processing mechanism automatically routes the requests to the relational data tables, so that data can be accessed from the relational tables and forwarded to the query processing mechanism for use in servicing the requests, in a manner transparent to the client machine.
US08452803B2
A receiving user receives an electronic message from an originating user such that the electronic message contains a data directive that requests a data transfer to/from the receiving user and the originating user. In response to receiving the electronic message, access privileges for the originating user are determined at the receiving computer with respect to access privilege parameters that have been specified by the receiving user. One or more remote and/or local datastores are accessed in order to read and/or write data in accordance with the determined access privileges and the requested data transfer. A response message may be returned to the originating user. One or more new request messages may be sent by the receiving user to other users, wherein each new request message includes the data directive.
US08452791B2
Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs stored on computer storage media, for retrieval and display of information from an electronic document collection. In one aspect, a machine-implemented method includes the actions of receiving description data describing a preexisting structured presentation, comparing characteristics of the preexisting structured presentation with content of electronic documents in an unstructured collection of electronic documents to locate electronic documents that identify a new instance that is relevant to the preexisting structured presentation, adding an identifier of the new instance to the preexisting structured presentation to form an expanded structured presentation, and outputting instructions for presenting the expanded structured presentation.
US08452786B2
The present disclosure involves systems, software, and computer implemented methods for assigning business process logging granularities. One process includes identifying a business process model where the business process model defines a set of business process entities operable when executed to perform a defined business process, identifying a logging granularity rule set associated with the identified business process model, determining at least one entity property associated with at least one business process entity in the identified business process model, and automatically assigning the at least one business process entity in the identified business process model with a logging granularity level associated with the at least one determined entity property based at least in part on the identified logging granularity rule set. The logging granularity levels can correspond to an amount of logging-related information to be collected at runtime for a particular business process entity.
US08452781B2
A system and method for using banded topic relevance and time for article prioritization is provided. Articles of digital information and at least one social index are maintained. The social index includes topics that each relate to one or more of the articles. Fine-grained topic models matched to the digital information for each topic are retrieved. The articles are succinctly classified under the topics using the fine-grained topic models. Each of the articles is relevancy scored within the topic under which the article was classified. The articles are arranged into discrete bands by relevance score. The articles are temporally sorted within the discrete bands. The articles are presented within the discrete bands.
US08452771B2
A remote server receives traffic data from a plurality of probe vehicles traveling on roadways. The remote server stores the received traffic data in a regular lane database and/or a carpool lane database. The remote server differentiates the received traffic data for storage in the appropriate database based on the number of probe vehicles associated with each speed pattern observed within the received traffic data.
US08452763B1
Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for extracting and scoring class-instance pairs. One method includes applying extraction patterns to document text to derive class-instance pairs, determining a frequency score and a diversity score for each distinct class-instance pair, and determining a pair score for each class-instance pair from the frequency score and the diversity score. Another method includes applying extraction patterns to document text to derive candidate class-instance pairs, determining, for each distinct candidate class-instance pair, a number of distinct phrases from which the distinct candidate class-instance pair was derived, and determining a pair score for each distinct candidate class-instance pair from the number of distinct phrases from which the candidate class-instance pair was extracted.
US08452759B2
Systems and methods for multi-directional visual browsing on an electronic device are described. In example embodiments, a primary result and a peripheral result are determined. A display layout based on attributes associated with the primary result and the peripheral result is generated. The display layout is then formatted into instructions, which will cause a device to render the display layout. The instructions are transmitted to the client device.
US08452751B2
Systems and methods for managing data, such as metadata. In one exemplary method, a selection of at least one file having metadata stored in a metadata database is received, and a selection of a command to search, using at least a portion of the metadata, is received, and a search through the metadata database is performed. Methods and data processing systems and machine readable media are also described.
US08452740B2
Provided herein is a method and system for the security of the file input and output of application programs. At a security process running step, an application program and an security process are executed independent of a main process of the application program. The security process is connected to a filter driver to control the filter driver. At an event generation step, the filter driver checks an event being processed by the application program, stops the processing of the event, and transfers event information regarding the event to the security process. At a control policy checking step, the security process compares the event information with a corresponding security control policy, and transfers the determination of the comparison to the filter driver. At an execution step, the filter driver continues the following processing of the corresponding event in conformity with the determination of the security process.
US08452732B2
Provided are a computer program product, system, and method for identifying modified chunks in a data set for storage. Modifications are received to at least one of the chunks in the data set. A determination is made of at least one range of least one of the chunks including data affected by the modifications determination is made as to whether at least one chunk outside of the at least one range has changed. For each determined at least one chunk outside of the at least one range that has changed, a determination is made of at least one new chunk and a new digest of the at least one new chunk and information is added on the at least one new chunk and information to locate the new chunk in the data set.
US08452731B2
In one embodiment of the present invention, a data-backup method includes partitioning a fingerprint namespace among a cluster of backup servers, the fingerprint namespace comprising fingerprints for representing units of data, each backup server of the cluster of backup servers managing units of data having fingerprints corresponding to an assigned partition of the fingerprint namespace. The method further includes receiving backup information from a client computing device for a block of data comprising units of data, the backup information including at least a fingerprint for each of the units of data and client-specific backup information. In addition, the method includes, utilizing the fingerprint for each of the units of data, deduplicating the units of data in parallel at the cluster of backup servers in accordance with the partitioning step, the deduplicating step comprising identifying ones of the units data already stored by the cluster of backup servers.
US08452716B2
A kernel-based method determines the similarity of a first spectrum and a second spectrum. Each spectrum represents a result of spectral analysis of a material or chemical and comprises a set of spectral attributes distributed across a spectral range. The method calculates a kernel function which makes use of the shape of the spectral response surrounding a spectral point. This is achieved by comparing the value of an spectral attribute in a spectrum and each of a set of neighboring spectral attributes within a window around the spectral attribute. Weighting values can be applied to calculations when deriving the kernel function. The weighting values can assign different degrees of importance to different regions of the spectrum. The method can be used to: classify unknown spectra; predict the concentration of an analyte within a mixture; database searching for the closest match using a kernel-derived distance metric; visualization of high-dimensional spectral data in two or three dimensions.
US08452713B2
A system for matching freight vehicles and loads includes a database receiving location data for various freight vehicles associated with multiple organizations, as well as other vehicle data, such as destination location and times. The database also includes location data from a plurality of loads, as well as other load data, such as origin and destination locations and times. A user operating a computing device receives this data based on organizational permissions. The computing device displays a map on which the various freight vehicles, loads, and associated data may be displayed. As such, the user may quickly and efficiently match available loads to available vehicles or vice-versa.
US08452710B2
A system to present secure expandable advertisements using an API and cross-domain communication. A content publishing system that hosts a website can implement an expandable advertisement using IFRAMEs that are expanded upon receiving an API call from a third party rich media vendor that hosts the expandable advertisement when the content publishing system and the third party media vendor are of differing domains.
US08452704B2
A method and system for making on-line payments makes use of computer hardware and software and utilizes, for example, a payment engine that facilitates the making of payments via the Internet. A user enrolls for the on-line payments service, designates a source account for the on-line payments, and is provided a transaction account as a money deposit account with an account number that the user can use as a source and a destination of funds and with one or more service levels. The user can make, for example, on-line payments, on-line and/or off-line purchases, cash withdrawals at an ATM, credit card account payments, bill payments, and/or international payments with funds in the transaction account and/or a line of credit associated with the transaction account.
US08452699B2
A structured reference credit decision device includes a database configured to store information related to applicants, potential customers, referencers, potential referencers, lenders, and other third parties, a fetch data component coupled with the database, the fetch data component configured to receive input application information, fetch relevant information from the database, based on the application information, related to a subject applicant of the input application information and at least one referencer, and generate a plurality of linked data packages based on the fetched information, and an evaluation device coupled with the fetch data component, the evaluation engine configure to apply credit outcome models to the plurality of linked data packages and generate a recommendation relative to the subject applicant or application.
US08452698B2
A system is disclosed for enabling a portfolio manager to obtain credit approval for an issuer of securities from a credit analyst. The system includes a relational database containing subjective and objective issuer information, a graphical user interface for permitting a portfolio manager to submit a credit approval request to a credit analyst, a graphical user interface for permitting a credit analyst to evaluate the credit approval request submitted by the portfolio manager based on the issuer information contained in the database, and a graphical user interface for permitting the credit analyst to resolve the credit approval request on behalf of the portfolio manager.
US08452693B2
Proposed method and security system provide geographical location-based security with varying levels of access. It allows users to select entities to protect, configure geographical locations, geographical boundaries as well as permissions, access level for given geographical locations, geographical boundaries and configure security alerts. It takes decision to grant, deny permission or provide given access level based on user's current geographical location and user's own configuration for that geographical location or boundary and sends out security alerts.
US08452688B1
A method and system for dynamic demand aggregation at one or more grouped sites wherein each grouped site includes one or more devices. Within each group, each device is in communication with one of more local controllers which, in turn, are in communication with an aggregator and the demand response repository. The local controller controls and coordinates the operation of the devices based on instructions received from the aggregator. The aggregator dynamically receives information from the demand response repository which is continuously updated with information from the signal handler and the local controllers at the grouped sites.
US08452686B2
A data processing method and system for managing interest rate calculations includes a data storage device storing data indicative of an account value of an investment product and a computer configured to determine a current value of an adjustable interest rate, compare the adjustable interest rate to a fixed guaranteed minimum interest rate, and determine whether to apply the adjustable interest rate or the fixed guaranteed minimum interest rate to the investment product account value to determine a value to credit to the account.
US08452682B1
A system, method and computer product for providing risk information and cost estimation tools to traders in exchange-traded fund shares. The disclosed processes develop, calculate, and publish supplemental information using confidential fund data to support trading in exchange-traded funds with portfolios that are not totally transparent and that use portfolio composition files that are not identical to the fund portfolios. The supplementary trading information preserves fund portfolio confidentiality while permitting market makers and other traders in these non-transparent exchange-traded funds to estimate the costs and risks associated with fund creation and redemption transactions of various sizes.
US08452681B2
The present invention provides a computer-based system for evaluating risk in asset backed securities (ABS) comprising: a database containing data associated with an asset pool of an ABS; a computer having a processor for executing software and being adapted to establish a communication link with an external provider of electronic data and to receive a first data set associated with an asset pool of an ABS, the first data set including credit score data related to the asset pool; and a migratory pattern predictive model application executed by the processor and adapted to analyze at least a part of the first data set, including the credit score data, and to determine a rating concerning the relative risk associated with the ABS.
US08452678B2
A system may include an insurance component selection platform that transmits data to and receives data from an insurance product component storage unit storing one or more self-descriptive components of an insurance coverage. Each of the stored components may have associated properties defining attributes of the component and one or more values associated with the properties. The components may be selected via a graphical interface generated by the component selection platform to be included in an insurance coverage product. The components may then be combined within constraints of the properties and values of the individual components. An insurance coverage policy may then be presented based on the combination of components.
US08452677B1
An apparatus for assessing and predicting the health of a market comprising: a computer having a memory store; wherein the computer is disposed to receive a data stream comprising information that represents the approximate real-time value of assets; and wherein the computer is disposed to apply a data-windowing, multi-state, time-variant Markov process to transform the data stream into a current assessment of the over-all health of the market and a projected over-all health of the market.
US08452675B2
A system for managing an inventory of process control devices in a process plant includes a computer workstation, a database storing instrument specification data for one or more process control devices used for controlling a process performed in the process plant environment, a wireless gateway adapted to wirelessly communicate with wireless enabled process control devices in the process plant environment, a communication bus interconnecting the wireless gateway, the computer workstation, and the database, an inventory control application executed by the computer workstation. The inventory control application is adapted to interrogate a received process control device via the wireless gateway to receive device data from the received process control device identifying and describing the received process control device. The inventory control application is further adapted to access the database to retrieve instrument specification data for the received process control device and compare the received device data to the retrieved instrument specification data. The inventory control application ensures that the received process control device corresponds to the instrument specification data.
US08452673B2
A system for keeping an inventory of vehicles that serve as collateral for loans provided by a lending entity includes a vehicle monitoring device, a database, and a central vehicle data server. The vehicle monitoring device includes a wireless modem, a processor, a GPS receiver, a vehicle diagnostics interface connector, and memory. These components are preferably enclosed in a small housing which may be installed beneath the dashboard of a vehicle. The vehicle diagnostics interface connector connects to the vehicle's OBD interface which is electrically connected to the vehicle's on-board diagnostics processor. The device retrieves vehicle diagnostic data through the vehicle's OBD interface based on the occurrence of certain events during the operation of the vehicle, such as ignition events, voltage change events, and location-based events, such as crossing a geofence boundary or exceeding a mileage or speed threshold. The device transmits the retrieved vehicle diagnostic data to the central vehicle data server via a wireless communication network. Vehicle inventories are managed in the database based on the information transmitted from the vehicle monitoring device.
US08452671B2
Embodiments of the invention include a system for simulating the loading of a shipment of a set of products. The shipment may be loaded into a set of transports. The simulation may include attempts to fill each transport. The simulation may include evaluating a set of constraints on the shipment. The constraints may include a complex logical statement.
US08452665B2
According to one embodiment, a handy terminal includes an information detecting unit, a storing unit, a declaring unit, a selection receiving unit, an input receiving unit, and a cancellation control unit. The information detecting unit detects commodity information. The storing unit stores sales data in which the numbers of sold items of the commodities are added to the commodity information. The declaring unit declares cancellation of the sales data. The selection receiving unit receives selection of a commodity as a cancellation target. The input receiving unit receives the input of the number of items to be cancelled. The cancellation control unit deducts the number of items, the input of which is received by the input receiving unit, from the number of sold items added to the sales data of the commodity as the cancellation target stored in the storing unit.
US08452654B1
A system and method for issuing variable level rewards to card holders according to expenditures in transaction categories. Card transactions for a specified period of time are classified by codes and are assigned to one of several transaction categories such as entertainment, travel, dining, sporting goods, and electronics. A total amount of expenditures for each transaction category is determined. The transaction category with the largest value of expenditures is determined. The highest available reward is applied to the total amount of expenditures in the transaction category that has the largest value of expenditures. Consumers may take advantage of a high level or more valuable reward in a multi-level reward structure regardless of their spending habits or patterns because the more valuable reward is applied to the expenditures in the largest expenditure transaction category.
US08452643B2
A method for detecting vehicles with trailers in a road toll system, which comprises at least one radio beacon for radio communication with radio OBUs, wherein vehicles and trailers are respectively provided with their own OBUs carried by them, and a vehicle and a trailer are detected as belonging to one another when an evaluation of the radio communications with their OBU indicates that these are moving at a limited and constant distance from one another.
US08452642B2
A vehicle includes a driving motor, a battery for the driving motor, a solar cell, and a control device for controlling charge of the battery using the solar cell and an external charge facility. A search unit searches a parking area near a present position of the vehicle or a destination. An information acquisition unit acquires charge-related information related to each parking area being searched. The charge-related information includes a capability of an external charge facility of each parking area, data of a usage fee of each parking area, and sunshine condition data of each parking area during a scheduled parking. A calculation unit calculates a charge cost for each parking area according to a remaining quantity of the battery, the charge-related information, and a time period of scheduled parking. A display unit indicates the calculated charge cost of each parking area.
US08452639B2
A method of marketing optimization with respect to brand lifetime management formulates a problem of brand equity maximization utilizing Markov Decision Process (MDP) thereby casting brand equity management as a long term regard optimization problem in MDP, The marketing mix is optimized by formulating the mix as actions in MDP and, utilizing historical marketing and transaction data, aspects of the MDP are estimated.
US08452635B2
In one arrangement, a method for estimating sales of a particular type of item by a first entity through a first channel versus sales of the particular type of item by the first entity through a second channel.
US08452634B2
The invention describes a computer-implemented method and system for assessing the progress of a project in terms of its schedule. The method includes receiving project data and based on the project data, calculating a first period (PE) after which a current earned value (EV) was expected to be realized. The method also includes calculating a second period (PR) in which the current EV has been realized. Further, the method includes calculating a fraction component (EF) of a period when the current EV was expected to be realized and finally, calculating an earned schedule performance index (ESPI) based on PE, PR and EF, wherein the ESPI indicates whether the project is on schedule.
US08452628B2
A computer-implemented method involves facilitating interaction between members of a supply chain. A communication platform links to a plurality of hubs for electronic data transfer. The hubs are associated with the members of the supply chain. The method provides a standardized model for product decisions for each member of the supply chain. The method involves formulating a product plan by a first member of the supply chain. The product plan utilizes the standardized model and data available to the first member to generate a forecast under the product plan. The method transfers the product plan with shared data and forecast through a first hub associated with the first member and through the communication platform to a second hub associated with a second member of the supply chain. The communication platform controls the transfer of data so that the second member can evaluate the product plan and forecast under the standardized model.
US08452610B2
Described herein are systems, methods and computer-program products for application of both the Angoff standard-setting procedure with the Dunn-Rankin scaling method to determine standards (or cutscores) for practice-based performance assessments. In addition, reliability of measures and overall performance scores, and estimates of the decision consistency of the resulting performance standard can be calculated.
US08452607B1
Systems and techniques, including computer-implemented techniques, can be used to receive a base schedule that includes multiple rotations that each include one or more segments. A set of itineraries can be generated based upon the segments in the base schedule, and each itinerary can include an origin, a destination, and one or more segments linking the origin and the destination. The set of itineraries can be automatically analyzed to identify one or more valid itineraries within the set of itineraries, such that each valid itinerary complies with one or more constraints.
US08452585B2
A discriminatively trained word order model is used to identify a most likely word order from a set of word orders for target words translated from a source sentence. For each set of word orders, the discriminatively trained word order model uses features based on information in a source dependency tree and a target dependency tree and features based on the order of words in the word order. The discriminatively trained statistical model is trained by determining a translation metric for each of a set of N-best word orders for a set of target words. Each of the N-best word orders are projective with respect to a target dependency tree and the N-best word orders are selected using a combination of an n-gram language model and a local tree order model.
US08452584B2
An improved handheld electronic device and associated method employing an improved spell checking routine enable proposed spelling corrections having a close logical proximity to an active input to be output at a position of preference for easy selection by the user. By way of example, a base character and the various accented forms thereof can be said to have a logical proximity to one another that is closer than their logical proximity to any character having a different base character, whether additionally having a diacritical element or not.
US08452579B1
The present application includes a system and method of simulating a drive-train system including: developing a drive-train simulation model, the drive-train simulation model being represented in a tree-type typology, trimming the mathematical drive-train equation to a steady-state condition, and executing a time domain simulation of the drive-train system with a recursive algorithm. The recursive algorithm involves: performing an outward kinematics recursion, performing an inward dynamics recursion, and performing an outward acceleration recursion.
US08452577B2
A method for simulating a golf ball trajectory is provided. The simulation method sets up a golf ball model within a virtual airflow space where a grid has been generated, sets a weight for the ball model and applies initial conditions (initial velocity, launch angle, spin rate) to the ball model so as to cause the model to fly within the virtual airflow space, then calculates the lift coefficient and the drag coefficient for the golf ball from the air stream velocity, direction and pressure calculated in each grid cell, and calculates the flight distance and left-to-right dispersion for the golf ball from launch until landing by calculating the change in height, change in lateral direction, change in velocity and change in spin rate for the golf ball during flight. The trajectory simulation method divides the flight path into regions including a high, a medium and a low velocity region.
US08452575B2
A golf ball trajectory simulation method is provided. The method includes setting up a golf ball model within a virtual airflow space where a grid has been generated and setting a weight for the ball model and applies initial conditions (initial velocity, launch angle, spin rate) to the ball model so as to cause the model to fly within the virtual airflow space. The method further includes calculating the lift coefficient and the drag coefficient for the golf ball from the air stream velocity, the direction and pressure in each grid cell, and the flight distance and left-to-right dispersion for the golf ball from launch until landing by calculating, at predetermined short time intervals, the change in height, change in lateral direction, change in velocity and change in spin rate for the golf ball during flight.
US08452572B2
In one embodiment, a clustering device may determine one or more sensor clusters having a plurality of sensor devices that report similar data of a same data type in a sensor network. Accordingly, the clustering device may select a subset of the sensor devices in each respective sensor cluster as one or more representative devices, such that a sensor sink obtains data from only the representative devices.
US08452571B2
A real-time trigger figure-of-merit indicator for test and measurement instruments provides an indication of how close a signal-under-test is to satisfying a relevant trigger condition. The indicator includes a first marker that indicates a real-time trigger figure-of-merit that is calculated based on digital samples that represent the signal-under-test, and a second marker that indicates a level that the figure-of-merit must exceed in order for a trigger event detector to detect a trigger event and generate a trigger signal. Thus, by observing the indicator, a user may easily ascertain how close a signal-under-test is to satisfying the relevant trigger condition without requiring the instrument to actually trigger.
US08452567B1
Provided is a method and system for distributing a test recipe to a tester for conducting a test to determine if a device under test operates as designed. The method includes storing an active test recipe in an active memory in local communication with the tester, and initiating the test of the device under test to be performed by the tester according to a parameter included in the active test recipe stored in the active memory. A second parameter included in a second test recipe is received by the tester while conducting the test of the device under test according to the parameter included in the active test recipe. The method further includes storing the second parameter in a buffer memory in local communication with the active memory, and initiating a transfer of the second parameter from the buffer memory to the active memory. After initiation of the transfer of the second parameter to the active memory, a subsequent test to be performed by the tester according to the second parameter included in the second test recipe is initiated.
US08452558B2
A test circuit for testing a flexible printed board (FPC) is provided, the test circuit includes a parameter preset module, a comparison module, and a prompt module. The parameter preset module is used to preset a parameter range indicating the suitable range of the resistance value of the FPC, and is further configured to connect to the FPC and convert the resistance value of the FPC to a related parameter. The comparison module compares the related parameter with the parameter range preset by the parameter preset module, and produces a comparison result. The prompt module produces a corresponding prompt signal according to the comparison result.
US08452535B2
A vehicle having an on-board computer, vehicle sensors, a satellite-positioning unit, a database storing a lane-level map performs a method to determine a new pose of the vehicle using map matching. The method includes the on-board computer of the vehicle receiving new data from at least one of the vehicle sensors and collecting measurements from the vehicle sensors. The method also includes the on-board computer of the vehicle computing propagation of vehicle pose with respect to consecutive time instances and performing a curve-fitting process. The method further includes the on-board computer of the vehicle performing a sub-routine of updating at least one observation model based on results of the curve-fitting process, performing a tracking sub-routine including using a probability distribution to update the vehicle pose in terms of data particles, and performing a particle filtering sub-routine based on the data particles to compute the new vehicle pose.
US08452529B2
An estimated travel time for a route generated by a navigation system can be modified using a route-specific, custom travel factor computed from data collected by the navigation system while the user is traveling the route. In one aspect, the data can be stored in a local or remote database accessible by the navigation system. The data can be used to classify routes so that custom travel factors computed for a route in a given class can be used to estimate travel times for other routes in the same class. In another aspect, the classified custom travel factors can be shared with other users.
US08452523B2
A method of controlling an automatic switch-off and switch-on procedure of a drive unit in a motor vehicle via a start-stop device is provided, by which, when the motor vehicle stops, the drive unit is automatically switched off if predefined switch-off conditions have been met, and by which an automatically switched-off drive unit is automatically switched on if at least one driver-side or system-side switch-on request is made. When a system-side switch-on request takes place, the automatic switch-on procedure will be suppressed at least temporarily if a delay condition exists.
US08452521B2
An inter-cylinder air-fuel imbalance determination apparatus according to the present invention obtains, based on the output value of the air-fuel ratio sensor, an air-fuel ratio fluctuation indicating amount whose absolute value becomes larger as a fluctuation of the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas passing through the air-fuel ratio sensor becomes larger, and further obtains an imbalance determination parameter which becomes larger as an absolute value of the air-fuel ratio fluctuation indicating amount becomes larger. In addition, the determination apparatus obtains an average value of the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas when the imbalance determination parameter is being obtained, and obtains an imbalance determination threshold which becomes smaller as the average value of the air-fuel ratio is closer to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. The determination apparatus determines that an inter-cylinder air-fuel ratio imbalance state has been occurring when the imbalance determination parameter is larger than the imbalance determination threshold.
US08452516B1
A method of protecting a gas turbine engine according an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, the steps of determining at least one flight condition of an aircraft and comparing the at least one flight condition to a programmed condition. The method further includes the steps of moving a plurality of inlet vanes of a low pressure compressor from a first position to a second position if the step of comparing the at least one flight condition to the programmed flight condition determines the programmed flight condition are met and deflecting any foreign objects with the plurality of inlet vanes.
US08452514B2
A device executes a preceding vehicle following driving control and successively calculates a friction-braking-start threshold value, an engine-braking-start threshold value, an acceleration-control-completion threshold value by using equations L1, L2 and L3, respectively. The device uses a constant vehicle speed zone determined between the engine-braking-start threshold value and the acceleration-control-completion threshold value. When a compensated-evaluation-index value KdB_c of a vehicle distance between the own vehicle and a preceding vehicle is within the constant vehicle speed zone, the device drives the own vehicle at a constant speed. This control suppresses fuel consumption because of decreasing an acceleration and deceleration frequency of the own vehicle. Decreasing the deceleration frequency makes it possible to provide good vehicle following because less frequent acceleration is needed for following the preceding vehicle even if another vehicle cuts in between the own vehicle and the preceding vehicle or the preceding vehicle accelerates after decelerating.
US08452513B2
A method of operating a vehicle comprising an adaptive cruise control system and an engine control module is provided. The engine control module is coupled to the adaptive cruise control system. The method comprises issuing a speed reduction signal from the adaptive cruise control system, verifying a speed reduction with a first sensor using the adaptive cruise control system, verifying the speed reduction with a second sensor using the engine control module, thereafter, receiving a resume signal from an operator input device, and executing a speed increase of the vehicle with the engine control module in response to receiving the resume signal with the engine control module.
US08452499B2
A control system for a transmission engages three clutches to create braking within the transmission to slow a machine during a shuttle shifting operation. The control system may apply the clutches so as to allocate wear between the clutches equally or unequally, as desired.
US08452495B2
The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for contingency controlling an engine rotational speed of a heavy construction equipment, which is capable of contingency controlling the speed of an engine when a controller of the heavy construction equipment such as an excavator does not operate normally. The apparatus for contingency controlling an engine rotational speed including a machine control unit generating a driving signal to control an operation of the engine by transferring a control value received from a control dial to an engine control unit may include: an instrument panel electrically connected with the engine control unit and allowing an operator to select and control a desired engine rotational speed because a control algorithm for the engine rotational speed is made into a database; and a connection switch electrically connecting the instrument panel and the engine control unit when the control dial or the machine control unit does not operate normally.
US08452489B2
The invention relates to a controlling system for controlling an air handling system that is arranged to handle air in an enclosure such as a cabin of a vehicle. The controlling system comprises a first sensing unit, a second sensing unit, and a controller. The first sensing unit is arranged to generate a first output signal based on a measurement of the 5 concentration of certain airborne pollutants at the upstream side of an air cleaning unit that is comprised in the air handling system. The second sensing unit is arranged to generate a second output signal based on a measurement of the concentration of certain airborne pollutants at the downstream side of the air cleaning unit. The first output signal and the second output signal are used for specific purposes in a decision-making process that can be 10 performed by the controller. The controller is arranged to switch the air handling system into recirculation mode when the first output signal exceeds a predetermined threshold value. Furthermore, the controller is arranged to fine-tune settings of the air handling system, such as the mixing ratio of air admitted from outside the enclosure and recirculating air from the enclosure in the total air flow passing through the air handling system when the air handling 15 system operates in an outside-air-inlet mode. The controlling system according to the invent ion has an increased functionality and can maintain an acceptable air quality inside an enclosed space under a large variety of circumstances.
US08452484B2
A method and apparatus are provided for forming a wireless communications network using a standard communications link between a master controller and at least one slave device. In one example, a list of available slave devices for the network is generated, valid slave devices are determined from the list of available slave devices based on an identification protocol of the standard communications link, and the at least one slave device is selected from the valid slave devices. A network identification is established between the master controller and the at least one slave device, and the network identification is used to establish a network comprising only the master controller and the at least one slave device.
US08452479B2
Disclosed is a device and method for providing service interval notifications to a vehicle operator, and to incorporate relevant vehicle operating conditions which most directly impact the longevity of engine lubrication and other wear prone components of vehicles. Wear prone conditions which are determined include city driving, frequency of “cold” starts, frequency of “winter” “cold” starts, and high load high grade travel. The device and method utilize as a primary input a location aware sensor device and as a secondary input a source for the ambient temperature either retrieved from an Internet source or a local ambient temperature sensor. No direct vehicle sensor is utilized for the service interval adjustment performed by the device and method.
US08452473B2
A powertrain system includes an internal combustion engine and an electric machine coupled via a torque transfer device to a transmission. A method for operating the powertrain system to transfer torque to a driveline includes establishing an operating torque security limit that is a default torque security limit. The operating torque security limit is set to an override limit when engine speed is less than a threshold speed. A torque security fault is detected only when a combined torque output from the internal combustion engine and the electric machine to the torque transfer device deviates from an operator torque request by an amount greater than the operating torque security limit.
US08452462B2
A control unit of a system stabilizing device uses a fluctuation detecting block 200 for determining current commands from a system current. A fluctuation detecting unit 300 determines, from an active component Isd of the system current, a common current command Irefd0 which is a fluctuation component of the active component Isd. A first current command creating unit 400 receives as an input the current command Irefd0, and outputs a current command Irefd1 whose signal width is as small as T4 and which instantaneously rises and then gradually decreases. A second current command creating unit 500 receives as an input the current command Irefd0, and outputs a current command Irefd2 which gradually increases for a time T4 and then gradually decreases for a time (T3-T4). The system stabilizing device having short charging and discharging times is controlled by the current command Irefd1, while the system stabilizing device having long charging and discharging times is controlled by the current command Irefd2, whereby system stabilizing controls can be exercised without interferences. In this manner, even if system stabilizing devices having different charging and discharging characteristics are provided, system stabilizing controls can be effected without interferences.
US08452459B2
A method and system for maximizing heat recovery in a heat exchange network includes collecting on-line process data from a network of heat exchangers having multiple parallel paths. The on-line process data is generated from cool process stream outlet temperatures of the paths. Stream flow rate target values are developed based on the on-line process data and include intended flow rates through each heat exchanger to equalize each of the cool process stream outlet temperatures. One or more cool stream flow control valves of the heat exchanger network and one or more process stream flow control valves of the heat exchanger network are controlled based on the flow rate target values to effect equalization of the cool process stream outlet temperatures.
US08452456B2
The disclosure provides systems and methods of use of an HVAC graphical interface dashboard. In various embodiments, the dashboard includes a weather tab, wherein invoking the weather tab advances to a weather screen. The dashboard also includes an indoor humidity tab, wherein invoking the indoor humidity tab advances to a humidity screen which displays at least a current indoor humidity, wherein the humidity screen interprets a percentage of humidity for a user. A programs tab and a home tab are also provided.
US08452454B2
The invention relates to a method and apparatus as well as to a computer program for adjusting the operation of a hydraulically operated boom, the boom (1) comprising at least two mutually movably coupled boom parts (1a, 1b), which are coupled to move with respect to one another by means of a hydraulic actuator (5a-5b, 7a-7b), control means (13, 14) for controlling the hydraulic actuators, a detector (15) for detecting the position between the boom parts (1a, 1b), whereby for adjusting the operation of the boom (1) it is possible to configure a movement-specific adjustment parameter of the joint controller in the control means (13, 14) for each particular movement. In the invention the mutual movement of the boom parts (1a, 1b) is controlled with respect to a predetermined position, on both sides thereof, between the boom parts (1a, 1b), the actual position and motional speed values obtained from the detector (15) in response to the control signal are compared with the theoretical position and motional speed values, and the adjustment parameter of the joint controller is adjusted on the basis of the difference between the values.
US08452453B2
A robot is provided with: a base section; three motors set on the base section; a support so set that an axial centerline is perpendicular to a surface of the base section; pulleys; three wires into which nonlinear springs are incorporated; an output shaft connected to a load; a differential mechanism having a pinion gear connected to the output shaft and also having an affixation member disposed at the upper end of the support; a universal joint disposed at the ring of the differential mechanism; and a wire guide disposed at the affixation member of the differential mechanism. Two side gears of the differential mechanism and two motors are connected in one-to-one correspondence by means of two wires through the pulleys, and the remaining motor and the universal joint are connected by means of the remaining wire which is passed through the wire guide.
US08452452B2
The grip position calculator determines a grip position where the fingers can grip a workpiece in any orientation of the workpiece. The calculator then determines an initial position where the finger tips can grip the workpiece and set the initial position as a point of calculation. Then an allowable gripping force is calculated which is an index that indicates an allowable force to be applied to the workpiece at point. Then other allowable forces are calculated for a plurality of points near the point of calculation. Then the point of calculation is selected as a possible gripping position if the allowable force a point is greater than any of the allowable forces. Otherwise, one of the points is selected for another point of calculation where the greatest allowable force (De) has been calculated and return to calculating an allowable gripping force.
US08452451B1
Methods and systems for robotic command and operation are provided. In some examples, a robot may be configured to receive a short-form command input that is comprised of an action verb and an object/target, and to analyze contextual/situational data for event outcomes from which the robot can determine an action of a plurality of possible actions to execute. The determination and analyses functions may be performed, in whole or part, through use of a cloud computing system.
US08452448B2
A method of controlling a robot includes running multiple applications on a processor, where each application has a robot controller and an action selection engine. Each application is in communication with at least one behavior and at least one action model of at least part of the robot. The method includes running periodic action selection cycles on each action selection engine. Each action selection cycle includes selecting a command for each action space of each action model, generating a single overall command based on the accumulated commands for each action model, and sending the overall command to the robot controller for execution on the robot.
US08452444B1
A method for enterprise content management to ensure enterprise records retention compliance based on an automated document storage system and an automated document destruction mechanism.
US08452442B2
A controller for a positioning device is constructed and arranged to receive a position signal indicative of a position of the positioning device, compare the position signal to a set-point signal indicative of a desired position of the positioning device to obtain an error signal, selectively modify the error signal based on the amplitude and the frequency content of the error signal to obtain a modified error signal, generate a control signal for controlling the positioning device on the basis of the modified error signal. The controller may be applied to control a positioning device in a lithographic apparatus.
US08452432B2
A user-friendly system for real time performance and user modification of one or more previously recorded musical compositions facilitates user involvement in the creative process of a new composition that reflects the user's personal style and musical tastes. Such a system may be implemented in a small portable electronic device such as a handheld smartphone that includes a stored library of musical material including original and alternative versions of each of several different components of a common original musical composition, and a graphic user interface that allows the user to select at different times while that original composition is being performed, which versions of which components are to be incorporated to thereby create in real time a new performance that includes elements of the original performance, preferably enhanced at various times with user selected digital sound effects including stuttering and filtering. The system may also optionally comprise a visualizer module that renders a visual animation that is responsive to at least the rhythm and amplitude of the system's audio output, not only for entertainment value but also to provide visual feedback for the user.
US08452415B2
The disclosure is directed to programming implantable stimulators to deliver stimulation energy via one or more implantable leads having complex electrode array geometries. A programmer is configured to generate an electrical field model from selected stimulation parameters and patient anatomy data. The electrical field model indicates how the electrical field propagation would occur in the patient during therapy. In addition, the programmer may be configured to generate an activation field model from the electrical field model and a neuron model. The activation field indicates which neurons within the electrical field will be activated during the therapy. Either of these field models may be presented to the user via a user interface that also displays a representation of the lead implanted within the patient. The user interface may allow the user to adjust the stimulation therapy by manipulating displayed field or activation model representations.
US08452412B2
A method and apparatus for determining a position of an external transceiver (24) relative to an implanted transceiver (23) comprising means (30) for measuring the strength of a magnetic field proximal to the external transceiver (24) and means for determining a position of the external transceiver (24) relative to the implanted transceiver (23) from said measured magnetic field strength. Furthermore there is disclosed is a method and apparatus for determining a skin flap thickness of a recipient of a prosthesis including a transcutaneous link between the external transceiver (24) and the implanted transceiver (23). A skin-flap thickness meter is also provided.
US08452408B1
A method of treating neurological deficit in which the brain area affected is focally and precisely stimulated by the transient insertion and subsequent removal of a micro-needle. This insertion and subsequent removal of the micro-needle induces endogenous stem cells to proliferate, migrate and promote the brain's self-repair mechanisms. The micro-needle stimulation causes the birth of new neural cells within the brain as well as mobilizes bone marrow derived cells with a neuronal phenotype to migrate to the site of stimulation to repair and replace damaged neural cells. By repairing and/or replacing injured or dead cells, this approach will slow down the degenerative course of the disease and may result in reversal of symptoms.
US08452397B2
A pacemaker comprises an implantable pacemaker housing and a pacemaker electrode which is provided for the transmission of stimulation pulses. A switching element, in particular a reversibly actuatable switching element, is provided for interrupting, reducing or limiting a current flowing through the pacemaker electrode, said current being inducible by an external magnetic field. Parts of the pacemaker are coated with a material, in particular a nanostructured material, which counteracts magnetic effects.
US08452392B2
A system and method for use in iontophoretic anesthesia of a tympanic membrane are disclosed. The system generally includes an earplug and an electrode device. The earplug includes at least one sealing member for sealing the earplug in an ear canal. The method involves using the system on a human or animal subject.
US08452391B2
The invention relates to a device of ocular iontophoresis for delivering active substances, comprising a reservoir having an outer wall and a hollow body at least partly delimited by the outer wall, wherein the hollow body is capable of receiving an electrical conductive medium and active substances contained in the medium and has an outlet defining a surface, so-called “application surface”, intended to received a determine part of an eyeball surface, the application surface being at least partly limited by an outer line concave towards the optical axis of the eyeball, wherein the outer wall extends from the outer line with a global outwardly with respect to the said optical axis.
US08452390B2
The present invention provides bioelectrical impedance measuring apparatus for determining composition data of the human body, the apparatus including at least eight electrodes, a pair of electrodes being assigned to each of four limbs, measuring circuitry having current sources and current and voltage measuring circuitry which may selectively be coupled to the electrodes, and a control and analysis unit which is arranged to apply, according to a plurality of predetermined measuring programs, current to two electrodes and to determine the resulting voltages with two other electrodes on different limbs and to determine the impedance of body segments based thereon. The control and analysis unit is further arranged to determine, in an advance measurement by applying current via two electrodes and measuring the resulting current through the applying electrodes and/or voltages on the other electrodes, which electrodes have contact, and to select, on the basis of the determined configuration of electrodes with contact, such matching measuring programs, in which matching measuring programs only electrodes are used for current application and voltage measurement which are contained in the determined configuration of electrodes having contact.
US08452384B2
The present application discloses systems and methods for the comprehensive monitoring of the microcirculation in order to assess the ultimate efficacy of the cardiovascular system in delivering adequate amounts of oxygen to the organ cells. In some cases, system embodiments may utilize reflectance avoidance by reflectance filtering, such as OPS imaging or Mainstream Dark Field imaging, or by Sidestream Dark Field imaging, which utilizes external direct light on the tip of the light guide to achieve reflectance avoidance whereby incident and reflected light do not travel down the same pathway.
US08452382B1
Systems, methods and apparatus are provided through which in some implementations a non-contact thermometer determines a temperature of a subject from a carotid source point of the subject.
US08452378B2
A method is disclosed for determining attenuation values for PET data of a patient. In at least one embodiment, the method includes detecting at least one accessory of a magnetic resonance imaging scanner and detecting the position and/or alignment of the accessory by way of an imaging measuring method; comparing the detected accessory with data from a database; and assigning an attenuation map, which is contained in the database, to attenuation values of the detected accessory and adapting the attenuation map to the detected position and/or alignment of the accessory.
US08452376B2
A localization system to localize an interventional instrument in the body of a patient. The localization system includes an electromagnetic wave source which splits an electromagnetic signal into components propagating along a probe path and a reference path, respectively. The probe path includes a signal outlet for emitting the signal at the point to be located and at least one detector for picking up the emitted signal. A correlator is used to determine the correlation between the signal components that propagated along the probe path and the reference path respectively. Knowing the length of the reference path, the unknown distance between the signal outlet and the detector in the probe path can be estimated based on the correlation information.
US08452365B2
A non-invasive method of determining the concentration of an analyte uses Raman spectral information. A high-intensity, narrow band of light (10) is applied to one side (12a) of skin tissue (12). The high-intensity light (10) enters the skin tissue and generates a Raman signal (16). A reflective material (22) is placed in a location nearest the other side (12b) of skin tissue (12). The reflective material (22) is located generally opposite of the entry (A) of the applied high-intensity light (10). The high-intensity light (10) and the Raman signal (20) that pass through the skin tissue (12) are reflected back into the skin tissue (12) via the reflective material (22). The Raman signal (16,20) is collected and the analyte concentration is determined using the collected Raman signal (16,20).
US08452355B2
An object of the present invention is to provide a slide device wherein slide sections can be opened and closed, while concealing a torsion spring. A slide device includes a first case, a second case, a spring which is arranged between the first case and the second case and assists opening and closing of the first and second cases; and a shielding member which conceals the spring, wherein the shielding member is arranged in a position to conceal the spring when the first case and the second case are in an open state and is arranged between the first case and the second case when the first case and the second case are in a close state.
US08452352B2
Predicting battery drain time that would be caused by a new application being considered for a smartphone. The battery drain time prediction is based on the type of smartphone and type of battery, the battery age, and hardware subunit usage levels. The system may provide a watchdog service for monitoring and storing data of user's smartphone which may then be used to create a user profile. Upon receiving a request for a battery drain time prediction, the system matches the profile of the user's smartphone with an existing profile in the repository having pre-installation and post-installation data for the application being considered. The matching user profile can be used to predict battery drain time that will be caused by the new application.
US08452349B2
A controller acquires first phonebook data from a portable Bluetooth phone via a Bluetooth interface portion, and stores the first phonebook data in a storage portion. A use flag is attached to the first phonebook data of the portable Bluetooth phone stored in the storage portion. When the use flag is set to “1,” the controller stores a copy of the first phonebook data of the portable Bluetooth phone in the storage portion as second phonebook data for an in-vehicle phone. When the in-vehicle phone is selected, as a used phone, the second phonebook data for the in-vehicle phone stored in the storage portion is available.
US08452338B2
Control methods for a cell phone are provided upon occurrence of a particular event, which receive a contact-related information from a touch screen of the cell phone, analyze the contact-related information to identify the contact position, the number of contact objects, or a gesture, to determine a further step to deal with the particular event. The particular event may include receipt of a call, sounding of an alarm of the cell phone, displaying of a short message on the touch screen, receipt of an interrupting call, or a standby mode of the cell phone.
US08452333B2
The present invention facilitates the reduction of cabling required in a base station environment. When receive diversity is employed, main and diversity antennas are used to receive common signals at different locations. The signals received at the main and diversity antennas are combined with one another in the masthead and transmitted over a single feeder cable to a base housing for further processing. Thus, signals that were normally sent over separate feeder cables and combined in the base housing are combined in the masthead and sent over a single feeder cable. The technique can be replicated for each sector provided by the base station environment.
US08452332B2
A femtocell base station includes a transmitter that transmits downlink signals to a mobile station, a receiver that receives uplink signals from the mobile station, a standard transmit pulse-shaping filter, and a narrower transmit pulse-shaping filter that limits the bandwidth of the downlink signals to a greater extent than the standard transmit pulse-shaping filter. The femtocell base station also includes a standard receive pulse-shaping filter and a narrower receive pulse-shaping filter. The femtocell base station is configured to switch between the standard transmit pulse-shaping filter and the narrower transmit pulse-shaping filter, and to switch between the standard receive pulse-shaping filter and the narrower receive pulse-shaping filter. A mobile station may switch from a standard transmit pulse-shaping filter to a narrower transmit pulse-shaping filter to limit uplink interference. A mobile station may switch from a narrower transmit pulse-shaping filter to a standard transmit pulse-shaping filter to achieve a higher data rate.
US08452331B2
A method for implementing Mobile Switch Center (MSC) dual homing includes: dividing a first physical MSC Server into a plurality of virtual MSC Servers; establishing a dual homing relation between a first virtual MSC Server of the plurality of virtual MSC Servers and a second physical MSC Server; switching by the first virtual MSC Server from idle state to activate state if determining by the first virtual MSC Server that state switching is needed The scheme may implement the Mobile Switch Center (MSC) dual homing, and improve the reliability of mobile communication network; the implementation is simple and flexible.
US08452328B2
A method (300) and system (100) for sharing a controller for a combined cellular phone and satellite radio includes a cellular phone module (102), a satellite radio module (106), and a controller module (108) having a digital signal processor (120) shared by the cellular and satellite modules. A base band processor (118) of the satellite module can provide a digital audio output (107) to a stereo decoder (122) of the controller module and a base band module (112) of the cellular phone module can provide a digital audio output (109) to the stereo decoder. The base band processor of the satellite module can provide compressed audio (111) to the DSP for longer term storage within a memory (129). The DSP can also receive control signaling (113) from the base band processor of the satellite radio module and control signaling (117) from the base band processor of the cellular phone module.
US08452324B2
A mobile communication device comprises a handset having a transmitter; a control circuit for controlling mobile communications via the transmitter, the control circuit including a processor; and a customizable keypad arrangement including at least one key for initiating mobile communications. The keypad arrangement comprises a board having on one surface an array of metallic switch nodes respectively capable of being rendered active or inactive according to an output of the processor. The processor is programmable or programmed in dependence upon a desired keypad layout to render active a selected one or ones amongst the metallic switch nodes. A keypad assembly is mounted on the board and provided with at least one switch element situated to overlie the said selected metallic switch node(s) and operable by said at least one key for initiating mobile communications.
US08452323B2
A method and system for selecting a thermally optimal airlink for a portable computing device includes monitoring a temperature of the portable computing device as well as determining if the portable computing device has reached a threshold temperature range. Next, an estimated volume of data to be sent over one or more airlinks may be calculated in addition to determining an estimated duration for the data using one or more airlinks. A quality of service needed for the data in connection with the one or more airlinks may be determined. With this estimated data, one or more available airlinks for the data to be transmitted may be compared. After this comparison, one or more thermally optimal airlinks may be selected based on the estimated volume, estimated data rate, and estimated duration. Determining if the portable computing device is proximate to an operator may be used when considering airlinks.
US08452322B2
A method for setting uplink transmission power at a mobile station in a wireless communication system comprises the steps of: receiving information on the number of total streams received at a base station; and setting the uplink transmission power using the received number of total streams. In this case, the uplink transmission power is preferably a transmission power per stream (PTx—stream) obtained by applying the number of total streams to reference transmission power (PTx—ref).
US08452321B2
The present invention relates to methods and arrangements for controlling uplink transmit power to be used by the UE. The UE comprises multiple radio interfaces wherein at least one of the multiple interfaces is a cellular radio interface. The UE stores information comprising a total transmit power budget set aside for use over the multiple radio interfaces of the UE and receives transmit power control commands from a network node on the cellular radio interface indicating whether the UE should increase or decrease or maintain the uplink transmit power on the cellular radio interface. Transmit power levels to be used for uplink transmissions over the multiple radio interfaces based on the received transmit power control commands are calculated, wherein the said total transmit power budget for the multiple radio interfaces is taken into account.
US08452320B2
The present invention concerns a method for controlling signals transferred by a wireless telecommunication device. A first and at least one second physical cell identifiers are allocated to the wireless telecommunication device, the first physical cell identifier being intended to identify the cell of the wireless telecommunication device and to characterize a code for scrambling data, the at least one second physical cell identifier being not intended to characterize a code. The method comprises the steps of: determining a power pattern for transferring the first physical cell identifier, determining another power pattern for transferring the at least one second physical cell identifier which is strictly lower than the first power pattern, transferring the physical cell identifiers and the power patterns to the wireless telecommunication device and/or transferring in parallel signals representative of the physical cell identifiers according to the power patterns to mobile terminals.
US08452313B2
A method for providing access to content using a global textsite platform (GTP) including receiving a user message identifying a registered unique keyword maintained by the GTP, wherein the registered unique keyword is registered with the GTP by a publisher for accessing a textsite comprising a plurality of text pages published by the publisher and indexed based on a plurality of navigating keywords defined by the publisher, retrieving authored content associated with the textsite based on the registered unique keyword, accessing the textsite based on the authored content to retrieve a navigating keyword indexing a text page, and sending a GTP message comprising the navigating keyword for the user to access the text page, wherein the user message and the GTP message comprise a text message transmitted using a text messaging service (TMS).
US08452307B1
The system comprising a communication device and an another device, (a) wherein when the communication device is identified to be located in a 1st geographic area, a pin-point location of the communication device is notified to the another device, (b) wherein when the communication device is identified to be located in a 2nd geographic area, a specific zone in which the communication device is located is notified to the another device, (c) wherein when the communication device is identified to be located in a 3rd geographic area, a false location is notified to the another device, (d) wherein when the communication device is identified to be located in a 4th geographic area, a current geographic location unknown notice is sent to the another device, and (e) wherein when the communication device is identified to be located in a 5th geographic area, a previous location which indicates the location of the communication device at a certain previous time is notified to the another device.
US08452305B2
System(s) and method(s) are provided to regulate telecommunication service in a confined area in which telecommunication is restricted. Regulation includes control of wireless resources and access thereto, and monitoring wireless activity and locating sources thereof within the confined area. Regulation can be accomplished through networked femtocell access points and distributed antenna systems. Control of wireless resources is accomplished through selective jamming within the confined area; selective jamming can be updated based on performance metrics of telecommunication service. Configurable lists that authorize mobile device(s) to consume wireless service within the confined area control access to wireless resources. Access can be granted or denied statically or dynamically. Monitoring of wireless activity within the confined area includes tracking and recordation of signaling or traffic activity. The monitoring of signaling activity can enable location of a source of wireless activity, while monitoring of traffic can lead to identification of a user thereof.
US08452304B2
A method, and corresponding system, for locating mobile communication terminals associated with a mobile radio network covering a geographical area. Antenna probabilities for a plurality of sub-areas of the geographical area are determined and stored, and locations of mobile communication terminals are estimated based on antennas used by the mobile communication terminals and the antenna probabilities for the sub-areas. The antenna probabilities are determined based on expected field strength. In this regard, the antenna probabilities indicate for at least some of the antennas the probability that in a respective sub-area the field strength of the corresponding antenna is higher than the field strength of other antennas, and the antenna probabilities indicate the probability that the mobile communication terminal, located in the respective sub-area, uses the corresponding antenna for at least one of registering or communicating with the mobile radio network.
US08452300B2
Apparatuses and methods of transmitting a signal with reduced interference in a femto base station including a plurality of antennas having different radiation patterns are provided. A method includes transmitting common information through the plurality of antennas having the different radiation patterns; receiving feedback information corresponding to the common information; analyzing the feedback information; temporarily selecting one of the plurality of antennas as a transmission antenna, based on a result of the analyzing; and transmitting user information through the transmission antenna.
US08452294B2
Downlink traffic channel data rate options and methods of indicating to a wireless terminal a utilized downlink data rate option are described. The downlink traffic channel rate option for a segment is conveyed using an assignment signal and/or a block in the downlink traffic channel segment which is not used for user data. Downlink segment assignment signals in some implementations allocate fewer bits for rate option indication than are required to uniquely identify each option. In some implementations low rate options, e.g., using QPSK, are uniquely identified via assignment signals. Higher rate options, e.g., using QAM16 modulation, are conveyed via the distinct information block in the downlink traffic segment using a first coding/modulation method. Still higher rate options, e.g., using QAM16, QAM64, or QAM256, are conveyed via the information block in the segment using a second coding/modulation method which is applied to the rate option information.
US08452284B2
Provided are a base station apparatus and a cell selection communication method which suppresses wasteful consumption of wireless resources. The base station apparatus is provided with a basic antenna for forming a first cell, and a switching unit. The switching unit is connected to a boundary antenna, which has an area in the vicinity of a cell boundary between the first cell and a second cell adjacent to the first cell as a propagation area (an area smaller than the second cell) by directivity. The switching unit switches an antenna for transmitting wireless signals (data) to a terminal device in the propagation area of the boundary antenna, between the basic antenna and the boundary antenna.
US08452283B2
The present invention relates to a method of a femtocell base station (1), for facilitating communication between a communication terminal (8) and a core network (4). The method comprises the femtocell base station (1) receiving a first message (11) from the communication terminal (8), the message (11) comprising a first message sequence number. The method also comprises the femtocell base station (1) producing a sequence number indicator arranged to indicate to the core network (4) to adjust (22) an expected message sequence number of the core network (4) to be synchronized with a corresponding message sequence number of the communication terminal (8). The method further comprises the femtocell base station (1) sending an update message (19a) to the core network (4), wherein the update message (19a) comprises the sequence number indicator. The invention also relates to a femtocell base station (1).
US08452278B2
A method for facilitating inter-PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network) roaming comprises a plurality of operations. A home PLMN of a caller's wireless communication device performs an operation for determining that the caller's wireless communication device is not located in the home PLMN and, in response to determining that the caller's wireless communication device is not located in the home PLMN, an operation for facilitating a call routing service in a Service Control Point (SCP) of the home PLMN. The call routing service causes a call originated by the caller's wireless communication device while roaming in a visited PLMN to be routed back to a Gateway Mobile Switching Center (GMSC) of the home PLMN thereby allowing the home PLMN to have control over the roaming caller originated call and to have limited dependency on the visited PLMN.
US08452277B2
A data management system for a mobile device includes a communications module storing content created by a user of the system for delivery to a customer. A database module is connected to the communications module, matching customer data with user data and an identified geographic location of the customer in three-dimensional space to calculate a target customer for content delivery. A streaming module is connected to the database module which serves the content to the target customer. A priority module is connected to the streaming module for prioritizing the delivery of content to the target customer. The priority module determines an appropriate schedule for the delivery of the content to the target customer. The streaming module sends a notification to the mobile device that the content is available. The priority module receives, and authenticates with the database module, a first authorization by the target customer to deliver the content.
US08452276B2
The DSCP Mirroring System enables the automatic reuse of the Differentiated Services Code Point header by the user devices that are served by a network to enable delivery of wireless services to the individually identified user wireless devices and manage the various data traffic and classes of data to optimize or guarantee performance, low latency, and/or bandwidth without the overhead of the management of the Differentiated Services Code Point header.
US08452273B1
Systems, apparatus, and methods are disclosed for accurately identifying a moving thing motion activity (MTMA) associated with a mobile thing (MT) using only accelerometer data from a wireless communication device (WCD) transported by the MT so as to enable or initiate a further one or more activity based actions. One such method, among others, comprises: (a) receiving first and second data from an accelerometer associated with a wireless communication device (WCD) transported by a mobile thing (MT), the first and second data indicative of acceleration of the WCD; (b) determining reference data that defines a reference framework in two dimensions (2D) of space from the first data; (c) normalizing the second data with the reference data so that the second data can be analyzed in the 2D space; and (d) identifying a mobile thing motion activity (MTMA) associated with the MT based upon the normalized second data.
US08452263B2
A method may include receiving user preference information associated with display of content items. A triggering activity may be identified at a user device. Context information associated with the user device may be determined. A content item may be selected for display on the user device from a plurality of available content items based on the user preference information and the context information. The selected content item may be displayed on the user device.
US08452251B2
A preselector amplifier system and method including of various components is described. The various components may include a vector generator, an active power splitter, an active power combiner, or the like. The preselector amplifier may be integral to and/or coupled to a communications system. The communications system may be at least one of a transceiver, receiver and/or transmitter. The communications system may transmit radio frequency (RF) signals.
US08452248B2
An RF (radio frequency) combiner utilizes RF filtering cavities and transmission paths incorporated into an RF impervious material. This allows traditional stand-alone multiplexers to be integrated into a single device without using signal loss-inducing cables and connections between the multiplexers. The simplicity of the RF combiner allows for RF filters to be milled out of the same RF impervious material without requiring an external RF connection and avoids a cascading of multiple RF filters. In one instance, the RF combiner is employed with two BTS (base transceiver stations) to allow the sharing of antennas without the power losses associated with traditional cascading duplexers.
US08452243B2
A power amplifier system includes a first power detector configured to detect a forward power output of a power amplifier, the first power detector configured to provide a first power detector output and an adjustable load coupled to the output of the power amplifier and configured to receive the first power detector output, the adjustable load configured to provide an adjustable impedance at the output of the power amplifier in response to one of the output of the power amplifier and the first power detector output.
US08452233B2
A signal transmission system (STS) comprises a transmitter (T) with a first LC circuit comprising a first coil (C1) intended to be fed with signals having a chosen carrier frequency, and a receiver (R) with a second LC circuit comprising a second coil (C2) and coupled to a circuit front-end (FE). The first coil (C1) is arranged to transfer energy to the second coil (C2) by magnetic induction in a near-field propagation mode. The first LC circuit (C1) has an increased quality factor and is tuned to a first frequency which is shifted in a first direction from the carrier frequency by a first value, and the second LC circuit (C2) has an increased quality factor and is tuned to a second frequency which is shifted in a second direction, opposite to the first one, from the carrier frequency by a second value.
US08452226B2
A method of controlling connection establishment to transmit or receive A/V data in a wireless network is provided. The method of controlling connection establishment to transmit or receive A/V data in a first device of a wireless network that includes a coordinator and at least one device comprises transmitting connection request information required to request connection establishment with a second device and a connection request message which includes capability information of the first device to the second device and receiving a connection response message from the second device in response to the connection request message.
US08452221B2
Disclosed is a fixation fluid, including a softening agent(s), the softening agent(s) being a saturated aliphatic carboxylic acid ester(s) of a saturated aliphatic alcohol(s) and/or a carbonic acid ester(s) of a dihydric saturated aliphatic alcohol(s), a foaming agent(s), the foaming agent(s) being a non-ionic surfactant(s) and/or an amphoteric surfactant(s), water, a pH adjustor(s), the pH adjustor(s) being an acid(s) and/or a salt(s) of the acid(s), and a pH of the fixation fluid being 6 or more and 7 or less.
US08452211B2
A control unit sets a first feedback gain for suppressing an angular speed variation of a first frequency, which causes a misalignment of images to be overlaid with each other, to the first nd feedback unit in a first image forming mode in which images formed on the first and the second image carriers are overlaid, and sets a second feedback gain for suppressing an angular speed variation of a second frequency, which causes a periodic uneven density on an image that is to be formed with a uniform density, to the first feedback unit in a second image forming mode in which an image is formed using the first image carrier.
US08452202B2
A controller outputs a heater control signal in synchronization with a rise in a zero-cross signal. In response to the heater control signal, a switching device of a heater driving circuit switches ON/OFF. However, a noise occurs in an output voltage of an AC power source at the time of switching, and this noise causes a false zero-cross signal. For the purpose of preventing operation of a heater in accordance with the false zero-cross signal, the controller disregards the rise in the zero-cross signal during a set time period after the rise in the heater control signal.
US08452199B2
An image forming apparatus, including an image former forming a toner image on an image bearer; a transferer transferring the toner image onto a recording medium; a cleaner collecting a waste toner remaining on the image bearer after transfer of the toner image; a waste toner collection container accumulating the waste toner therein; a detector detecting whether the container is properly set in the image forming apparatus; and another detector detecting that the container is nearly full of the waste toner, wherein the image forming apparatus further comprises a determiner determining a quantity of the waste toner in the container; another determiner determining whether the container is properly exchanged with a vacant container; and a limiter limiting a printable quantity after the container is detected to be nearly full of the waste toner, based on the another determiner.
US08452194B2
A system having an image forming apparatus and an information processing apparatus includes setting whether the status of the image forming apparatus is immediately confirmed by a user, transmitting a file containing a status log based on the status change of the image forming apparatus from the image forming apparatus to an external file server, and displaying a list of the image forming apparatus to be contained in the system on a screen in the information processing apparatus, wherein with respect to the image forming apparatus as to which a setting is made to immediately confirm the status, a button to instruct confirmation of the status of the apparatus is displayed in the list, and wherein when an instruction to confirm the status is executed from the list, status of the image forming apparatus is displayed based on the status log to be contained in the file transmitted from the image forming apparatus.
US08452184B2
A radial optical data interchange packaging comprises a central core; a plurality of central core photo transceivers emerging from an exterior side surface of the central core; a mother board coupled to the central core, wherein the mother board is perpendicularly oriented below and abutting the central core; a plurality of retention slots on the mother board, wherein the retention slots radially extend away from the central core; and a plurality of cards held by the retention slots, wherein each of the plurality of cards comprises a set of card photo transceivers that optically communicate with the central core photo transceivers.
US08452180B2
A scalable reconfigurable (or tunable) optical add/drop multiplexer (SROADM) is disclosed. The SROADM includes a pair of acoustic optic tunable filters (AOTF) and a wavelength blocker (WB). A first input port receives an initial wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) optical signal including to-be-dropped optical signal(s). A second input port(s) receives optical signal(s) to be added, which has the same wavelength(s) as that optical signal(s) to be dropped. In one embodiment, the WB is connected to the AOTFs through free space coupling. In another embodiment, the coupling is achieved by optical fiber fusion splicing. The latter method has advantage of using commercially available products and easier assembly while a more compact size is achievable by the free space coupling. The device is scalable in terms of number of add/drop ports and capacity to process any number of wavelength channels.
US08452178B2
The present disclosure discloses a passive optical network (PON) user terminal comprising a passive optical network interface unit (PONIU) having access to a PON system, a service data distribution unit (SDDU) connected to the PONIU for distributing service data, a plurality of service processing units (SPUs) for receiving and accordingly processing the service data distributed by the SDDU, a power source for providing power to the above units, and a power supply control unit (PSCU) for controlling the activating/deactivating of the energy-saving power supply to the SPUs, the SDDU, and the PONIU. The present disclosure further provides a method for controlling the PON power supply and for reporting the power supply state. The present disclosure allows control of the energy usage of the PON user terminal to save power when a service in the PON user terminal is not used or when the user terminal uses a backup power source to supply power.
US08452173B2
An optical network having a tree-like structure with a main line and a plurality of branches, at least two of the branches comprising a monitoring unit for upstream signalling to the main line, wherein each of the monitoring units comprises a signal generation unit with a light source for generation of a pre-defined optical signal, and the monitoring units are construed to generate pre-defined optical signals which are different from each other, as well as a monitoring unit for generating a periodic upstream signal in such an optical network and a method for monitoring such an optical network.
US08452166B2
Embodiments of the present invention provide apparatus and method for reducing heating source radiation influence in temperature measurement during thermal processing. In one embodiment of the present invention, background radiant energy, such as an energy source of a thermal processing chamber, is marked within a selected spectrum, a characteristic of the background is then determined by measuring radiant energy at a reference wavelength within the selected spectrum and a comparing wavelength just outside the selected spectrum.
US08452161B2
A recording and reproducing apparatus which records and reproduces data with respect to a plurality of recording media includes a display unit for simultaneously displaying, on a display screen having a display area for each recording medium, data recorded onto recording media in corresponding display areas, a selection unit for selecting specific data from the data displayed on the display screen, and a designation unit for designating a moving destination of the selected data. If a display area other than a recording medium as a recording source of the selected data exists in the moving destination designated by the designation unit, the selected data is duplicated or moved to a recording medium corresponding to the display area.
US08452153B2
An information stream (information stream) can be “bookmarked” with event markers to note points in time in the information stream of occurrences of interesting events. Repeat occurrences of an event are noted with the same event marker. The events of interest need not be a priori determined. In fact, unexpected events can be readily noted.
US08452127B2
An object is to suppress a false color and moire that occur in a high-frequency region. Color interpolation circuits of a color-difference signal generating circuit separate an image signal obtained from an image pickup device, in which a plurality of color filters are arranged in a predetermined pattern and in which pixels corresponding to the respective color filters are provided, into image signals of the respective color filters (R, G1, G2, and B), and perform an interpolation process on the image signals of the respective color filters. Then, a false color determining circuit determines whether a target region is a high-frequency region on the basis of at least any of slopes of image signals of the G1 filter and the G2 filter and a difference between the image signals of the G1 filter and the G2 filter in the target region.
US08452116B1
A method, system, and computer-readable storage medium for determining an estimate of sensor sensitivity associated with an image. A noise level of an image is determined, then an estimate of sensor sensitivity associated with the image is automatically determined, e.g., by a trained classifier based on the determined noise level. Additionally, the sensor sensitivity estimate can be used to determine scene brightness.
US08452113B2
The invention relates to a method of encoding an image divided into non-overlapping macroblocks themselves divided into non-overlapping blocks of N by N pixels into a binary stream. It comprises the steps of: —transforming each of the block into a transformed block of coefficients comprising one low frequency coefficient and N2-1 coefficients, called high frequency coefficients, of higher frequencies than the low frequency; —quantizing each coefficient of each of the transformed blocks with a quantizing parameter; —encoding the quantized coefficients into a binary stream. According to the invention, the low frequency coefficients of the transformed blocks are quantized with a same quantizing parameter, called first quantizing parameter.
US08452112B2
This invention provides an apparatus which re-encodes encoded image data to generate encoded data at a higher compression ratio while suppressing any increase in the load of re-encoding. A decoder decodes each block stored in a storage, stores the decoding result in a buffer, and stores, in a holding unit, block information representing the location of the encoded data of each block in the storage. A discrimination unit discriminates a text area in the decoded image data. The image in the text area undergoes binarization and then character image data encoding. A fill-up unit replaces the value of a character/line art pixel in the text area with the average of non-character/line art pixel values. A re-encoder encodes the blocks after replacement. Inside the text area, a selector selects and outputs encoded data generated by the re-encoder. Outside the text area, the selector selects and outputs encoded data in the storage.
US08452107B2
Certain embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method for face recognition that is occlusion tolerant and scale/shift invariant based on a combination of hierarchical maximization and adaptive representation technique.
US08452098B2
The present invention provides a method for applying a signature simplicity analysis for improving the accuracy of signature validation, the method including the steps of generating a plurality of synthetic fraudulent signatures for a person, encoding authentic signatures of the person using signature simplicity and validating the signatures using signature simplicity.
US08452093B2
A histogram has ranges, a value for each range, and a time value. A pattern is generated, having a zero value for each range having a zero value, and a one value for each range having a non-zero value. Any non-zero values of the ranges are compressed into a compressed value. The pattern and the time value match or do not match any given entry of a pattern table having a number of entries, each of which has an index value, a time range, and a pattern. Where the pattern and the time value do not match any given entry of the pattern table, a new entry is added to the pattern table, and is considered the given entry. An entry is then added to a histogram table. This entry has the time value, the index value of the given entry of the pattern table, and the compressed value.
US08452088B1
A method of classification for a content-based digital-image, including: defining a set of low-level features describing the semantic content of the image, the features being quantities obtainable from the image by means of logico-mathematical expressions that are known beforehand, and the choice of said features depending upon the image classes used for the classification; indexing an image to be classified, with the purpose of extracting therefrom a feature vector, the components of which consist of the values assumed, in the image, by said low-level features; splitting the feature space defined by the low-level features into a plurality of classification regions, to each one of the regions there being associated a respective image class, and each classification region being the locus of the points of the feature space defined by a finite set of conditions laid on at least one component of the feature vector; associating the feature vector to the feature space; identifying, among the classification regions, a specific classification region containing the feature vector extracted from the image to be classified; and identifying the image class associated to the specific classification region identified.
US08452086B2
A user interface and method is embodied on a computer readable medium and executable on a computer. The user interface is a labeler which labels only foreground pixels of an image stored in a computing environment. The labeler operates in a Region mode/state and Brush mode/state, and includes a Tentative mode that permits an assigned label to be changed after pixels have been selected. Groups of pixels may be selected for labeling at once by a point-and-click command, and a pixel may belong to one or more groups of pixels which are stored in memory as image layers. The groups are formed dynamically by user selection actions, and/or through automatic recognition algorithms. Pixels already labeled with certain labels may be locked to not be altered by additional labeling operations. Unassigned pixels may be highlighted to increase the ease at which they are identified in an image. Comparisons between labeled images are undertaken to indicate differences between different groundtruth labeling.
US08452085B2
An image processing apparatus is provided, the apparatus including: a color extracting section that extracts colors contained in processing image data as a flat color or a characteristic color; a first evaluation value calculating section that calculates a flat color evaluation value with respect to a combination of flat colors based on a color difference, and that calculates a characteristic color evaluation value with respect to a combination of characteristic colors based on a color difference; a second evaluation value calculating section that calculates a combination evaluation value with respect to a combination of a characteristic color and a flat color based on a color difference; and a deleting section that reduces a number of colors to a preset number by deleting a color extracted by the color extracting section in accordance with the characteristic color evaluation value, flat color evaluation value and the combination evaluation value.
US08452083B2
An image processing apparatus comprises: a specification unit configured sequentially to determine, as a processing object, each of the blocks divided, and to compare data types of respective pixels in the block that is the processing object; a first determination unit configured to determine whether pixels included in a block including two data types to L (L=M×N) data types include a single type of attribute data; and an output unit configured to output, based on a determination by the first determination, a flag indicating that the block includes an attribute, a flag indicating a layout pattern of the block, a type of color data and a type of attribute data which are extracted from a pixel at a predefined position in the block.
US08452073B2
A closed-loop control method for an electron beam freeform fabrication (EBF3) process includes detecting a feature of interest during the process using a sensor(s), continuously evaluating the feature of interest to determine, in real time, a change occurring therein, and automatically modifying control parameters to control the EBF3 process. An apparatus provides closed-loop control method of the process, and includes an electron gun for generating an electron beam, a wire feeder for feeding a wire toward a substrate, wherein the wire is melted and progressively deposited in layers onto the substrate, a sensor(s), and a host machine. The sensor(s) measure the feature of interest during the process, and the host machine continuously evaluates the feature of interest to determine, in real time, a change occurring therein. The host machine automatically modifies control parameters to the EBF3 apparatus to control the EBF3 process in a closed-loop manner.
US08452070B2
The present invention is an image processing apparatus that reconstructs one frame of image data using block-level image data, including a unit that receives the block-level image data to which position information has been added, a unit that determines whether or not there was an error in the transmission of the received position information, a first storage area used for storing the block-level image data corresponding to the position information for which a transmission error did not occur, a second storage area used for storing the block-level image data corresponding to the position information for which a transmission error occurred, a unit that infers correct position information for the block-level image data stored in the second storage area based on the first storage area and the second storage area, and a unit that reconstructs the one frame of image data using the inferred position information.
US08452064B2
Apparatus and methods for geometric calibration of positron emission tomography (PET) systems are provided. One method includes obtaining scan data for a uniform phantom and generating reference images based on the scan data for the uniform phantom. The method further includes reconstructing images of the uniform phantom using a PET imaging system and determining a geometric calibration for the PET imaging system based on a comparison of the reconstructed images and the reference images.
US08452059B2
One embodiment, among others, is a method for clustering a plurality of images, wherein the plurality of images comprises faces of a plurality of individuals. The method comprises arranging the plurality of images associated with a plurality of individuals into a plurality of subgroups for each individual based on time stamps associated with the plurality of images, wherein the plurality of images are arranged according to increments of a time interval. The method further comprises determining whether adjacent subgroups are correlated and forming groups comprising correlated subgroups. Based on correlations between adjacent groups, the groups are associated with a particular individual.
US08452053B2
A method for detecting a clear path of travel for a vehicle utilizing analysis of a plurality of images generated by a camera device located upon the vehicle includes monitoring the images wherein each image comprises a plurality of pixels, identifying a set of interest points from the plurality of pixels in a current image, finding their corresponding points in a preceding image through correspondence matching, filtering the matched pairs of interest points to select a preferential set of matched pairs, generating a three dimensional map of features in the view based upon the preferential set of matched pairs, determining the clear path based upon the mapped features, and utilizing the clear path to operate the vehicle.
US08452052B2
A k-covered motion capture volume is modeled. The modeling includes representing the k-covered motion capture volume with a distance field.
US08452049B2
The invention described herein is generally directed to methods for analyzing an image. In particular, crowded field images may be analyzed for unidentified, unobserved objects based on an iterative analysis of modified images including artificial objects or removed real objects. The results can provide an estimate of the completeness of analysis of the image, an estimate of the number of objects that are unobserved in the image, and an assessment of the quality of other similar images.
US08452048B2
The invention relates to a method for associating an object in an image with an asset of a number of assets in a financial application. The method includes receiving the image of the object comprising global positioning system (GPS) data, where the image is captured using an image-taking device with GPS functionality and processing the image to generate processed GPS data. The method further includes determining, using the processed GPS data, a geographic location of the object in the image, and identifying, using the geographic location, the object by performing a recognition analysis of the image. The method further includes associating, based on the recognition analysis, the object in the image with the asset of the assets of an owner in the financial application, and storing, in the financial application, the image of the object associated with the asset of the assets of the owner.
US08452047B2
Provided are a method and apparatus for recognizing a plurality of faces. In the method, a plurality of faces are detected from received video frames, the detected faces are sequentially recognized in predetermined frames that fall within a predetermined recognition period from among the detected frames, and then, the recognized faces are sequentially displayed. Accordingly, the amount of calculation is less than when simultaneously performing face detection and recognition on each frame.
US08452042B2
An improved shallow speaker is disclosed having a molded diaphragm with an outer, depending, annular cylindrical subcone that connects to a channel formed in the outer perimeter of the spider. Embodiments for round and cornered (polygonal, etc.) speakers are provided. The top plate has a raised outer annular portion for receiving an annular spider flange with or without screw holes for clamping the inner spider flange with a spider ring. In the cornered speaker embodiments, flanges extend from the cylindrical portions to the cornered portions including from a diaphragm inner glue flange over the depressed central portion and from the annular cylindrical subcone both outwardly and inwardly to top diaphragm portions. Routing of the tinsel may be through one or more openings in the annular cylindrical subcone and along the diaphragm inner surfaces, with channels in or on those surfaces for securely routing the tinsel.
US08452040B2
This is a novel speaker design which introduces its own integrated bass-reflex. This design allows for improved cooling for the speaker's voice coil over existing designs and has acoustics that are more natural and of higher quality than known speakers.
US08452035B2
Sound from the receiver of a hearing device may be fed back to its microphones via acoustic feedback paths, which may cause undesirable whistling. It is particularly difficult to predict the creation of feedback in a microphone array with adjustable directional characteristic. This is because the stability of the system then is dependent on a directional parameter by way of which the directional characteristic is fixed. The invention enables feedback-free operation of such a hearing device. A prescribed stability condition is used to establish for which values of the directional parameter feedback-free operation is possible. The directional parameter is then restricted to these values during operation of the hearing device. As an alternative thereto, a value for a strength of a feedback effect is established for a current value of the directional parameter and the directional parameter or a control parameter for the purpose of feedback suppression is then set as a function of the established value.
US08452027B2
An audio conference system including a controller, a plurality of microphones, and an antenna that makes the controller and the microphones communicate via radio communication, in which the controller includes: an utterance permitting unit that, in response to utterance request instruction information received from any of the microphones, transmits utterance permission instruction information to the microphone; and an utterance inhibiting unit that, in response to utterance inhibition request instruction information received from any of the microphones, transmits utterance inhibition instruction information to the other microphones, and the microphones each include: an utterance requesting unit that transmits utterance request instruction information to the controller and transmits, to the controller, a speech signal input after receiving the utterance permission instruction information from the controller; and an utterance stopping unit that stops transmission of the speech signal to the controller upon receiving the utterance inhibition instruction information from the controller. According to the audio conference system, an audio conference system which allows the chair of a conference to collectively inhibit all utterances of the other participants can be obtained.
US08452020B2
One or more acoustic transducers of a device may be adjusted based on automatic detection of device proximity to the user. In a mobile telephone, when the user is using the receiver and holding the telephone against his/her ear, if the telephone detects that the user has moved the telephone further from his/her ear, the telephone will raise the receiver volume. Similarly, if the user is using the speaker, the telephone will adjust the speaker volume as user distance from the telephone changes. In another embodiment the telephone may fade between the receiver and the speaker. Volume is not the only acoustic property that could be adjusted according to user proximity. Frequency response is another property that could be adjusted, such as using appropriate electronic filtering, or by turning on another transducer that is not otherwise being used.
US08452017B2
Methods and systems for secure channel initialization transaction security between a client network element and a server network element are disclosed. In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, the method includes: choosing a random client ephemeral private key at a client network element; utilizing the client ephemeral private key and the shared secret to create a client ephemeral public key at the client network element; forwarding the client ephemeral public key in a channel initialization request to a server network element; selecting a random server ephemeral private key at the server network element; using the server ephemeral private key and the shared secret to create a server ephemeral public key at the server network element; creating a high entropy shared secret based on the client ephemeral public key and the server ephemeral private key; creating a message authentication code ‘MAC’ and encrypting a payload with the high-entropy shared secret; sending the encrypted payload and the server ephemeral public key to the client network element; utilizing the server ephemeral public key and the client ephemeral private key to derive the high-entropy shared secret; and decrypting the payload and verifying the MAC with the high-entropy shared secret.
US08452011B2
A security system is applied to venue-cast content transmissions over a broadcast/multicast network infrastructure. The broadcast network infrastructure may be Evolution-Data Only Broadcast Multicast Services (BCMCS) that facilitates distribution of a subscription-based content delivery service. A venue-cast service can be part of the subscription-based content delivery service and has an associated service key. Upon subscribing to the content delivery service, the subscriber access terminal is given the service key. Such service key may be associated with a particular subscriber package and/or venue location. The same service key is provided to the broadcast network infrastructure that broadcasts venue-cast content. A broadcast access key is generated by the broadcast network infrastructure and used to encrypt venue-specific content to be broadcasted. Consequently, only access terminals that have received the service key (e.g., subscribe to the associated subscription package and/or are located at a specific venue or location) can decrypt the broadcasted content.
US08452008B2
The present invention provides a method of distributing content to a plurality of clients. The method on a server begins with accessing content to be distributed to a plurality of clients and identifying a first type of content to be distributed as crucial content and identifying a second type of content to be distributed as non-crucial content. The crucial content is any content required to properly render, after a decryption process, the content. The non-crucial content is all the other content to be distributed. The crucial content is encrypted with a first encrypting key which is unique to each of the plurality of clients. The crucial content which has been encrypted is transmitted. The non-crucial content is transmitted to the plurality of clients.
US08452007B2
A security key generating method, device and system are provided, wherein, the method is used for generating a security key in the process of the handover to an EUTRAN network from other network, the method includes: an MME generates a security key based on a root key KASME of the EUTRAN network, a specific value and/or other parameters and transmits a handover request message carrying the security key to a target evolved Node B, i.e. eNB; a UE generates the security key which used by the target eNB based on the root key KASME of the EUTRAN network, the specific value and/or other parameters. The application of the present invention adopts a specific value, KASME and/or other parameters to output a security key, which can solve the problem existed in the related technology, the problem is that the middle security key used by access layer while handover between different access system can not be generated, and then it can not realize the security protection of the access layer. So the application of the present invention makes the signaling and/or data of the access layer be efficiently protected, thereby improving the security of the access layer.
US08452000B2
A system and associated methods for automation and management of trunk routing among switches in a telecommunications network between carriers connected to a third party tandem services provider or manager (a “neutral tandem network.”) The system and methodology can be used to, among other things, effectuate a business model for providing preferred rates, or other preferences, to a defined group of members or subscribers by managing and directing subscriber-associated call traffic from subscriber-owned switches to one or more tandem switches owned by a third-party tandem managing entity other than a LEC or ILEC.
US08451998B2
A system and method for providing location information is provided. The system may include a communication device. The communication device may include a communication interface to receive a notice of an incoming communication. The communication device may also include a display to display a representation of a present location of a calling party and to display a representation of a location of the communication device.
US08451991B2
A system and apparatus for managing calls to voice mail is disclosed. A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, a voicemail system having a controller element that receives a call redirected away from a targeted communication device without providing the targeted communication device notice of the call responsive to a voicemail redirection request supplied by signaling information associated with the call. Additional embodiments are disclosed.
US08451988B2
IMS networks, text message systems, and methods are disclosed for delivering text messages to IMS wireline phones. A text message system of an IMS network receives a text message intended for the IMS wireline phone. The text message system identifies capability data for an IMS wireline phone that indicates the capability of the IMS wireline phone for handling text messages. The text message system processes the capability data for the IMS wireline phone to determine if the IMS wireline phone is capable of handling text messages. If the IMS wireline phone is not capable of handling text messages, then the text message system appends the text message to a caller ID header of an IMS signaling message, and forwards the IMS signaling message to the IMS wireline phone to display the text message on a caller ID unit associated with the IMS wireline phone.
US08451986B2
A communications unit is provided that can be coupled to a building's telecommunication wiring to provide an automated mechanism for isolating the building's wiring from a PSTN, while also providing a telecommunications connection to an alternative communications network via, for example, broadband or cellular networks. The communications unit can further be configured to be coupled to an alarm controller unit of a security system, thereby permitting the security system to communicate with a remote server system without loss of alarm data. The communications unit can also be configured to permit the legacy security system to provide normal disconnect functionality of building telephones from an outgoing telecommunications line while an alarm condition is present.
US08451980B2
Test systems and methods are disclosed for determining the cause of an extended off-hook condition on a subscriber line. A test system as described herein measures a first resistance of the subscriber line based on a first current, and also measures a second resistance of the subscriber line based on a second current. The test system then determines the difference between the first and second resistance measurements. If the difference between the first and second resistance measurements is greater than a threshold value, such as 20 Ohms or more, then the test system determines that the extended off-hook condition is the result of an off-hook telephone on the subscriber line. If the difference is less than the threshold value, then the test system determines that the extended off-hook condition is the result of a short circuit on the subscriber line.
US08451971B2
A clock generation circuit is provided and includes a phase locked loop (PLL) and a calibrator. The PLL is arranged to receive a first clock signal and generate the output clock signal. The PLL adjusts the frequency of the output clock signal according to a control signal. The calibrator is arranged to receive the output clock signal and a second clock signal, execute a frequency calibration between the output clock signal and the second clock signal, and generate the control signal according to results of the frequency calibration.
US08451970B2
The present disclosure provides a variable delay circuit comprising a delay circuit that includes a first delay unit and a second delay unit and delays an input signal to generate an output signal; a selection signal generation unit that detects a delay value of the delay circuit and generates a selection signal to select a delay unit for delaying the input signal from the first delay unit and the second delay unit; a first control unit that controls a delay value of the delay unit selected by the selection signal in response to a delay increase/decrease signal; and a second control unit that controls a delay value of the delay unit which is not selected by the selection signal.
US08451964B2
Certain aspects of the present disclosure propose an interference cancellation method based on the sub-blocks inside a block. For example, in the long term evolution (LTE) standard, the sub-blocks may be code blocks and the blocks may be transport block.
US08451958B2
A system for determining the burst start timing of a signal includes logic configured to receive the signal, generate correlation moduli and generate a first timing output based on the correlation moduli. The logic may also be configured to receive operating mode information and timing information and generate search controls. The logic may further be configured to identify a maximum of the correlation moduli using the search controls and determine a second timing output associated with the maximum correlation modulus. The second timing output represents a more accurate approximation of a burst start time than the first timing output.
US08451956B2
A blanking scheme for mitigating impulsive noise in wireless networks is based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of symbols. To fully gain the benefits of the SNR-based blanking scheme, two methods are developed, namely a multi-level thresholding scheme in the time-, spatial- and frequency-domains, and a weighted-input error-correction decoding. The symbols are conditioned as a function of the estimated SNR in time-, frequency-, or spatial-domains or combinations therefore, and the conditioning is applied to an amplitude, phase, or energy level, or combinations thereof.
US08451951B2
A method, apparatus and system are disclosed herein for channel classification and adaptation. In one embodiment, the system comprises a base station having a transmitter that is operable to transmit wireless signals using a plurality of transmission options; and a user terminal having a receiver that is operable to receive and decode wireless signals using a plurality of receiver algorithms, where the user terminal is operable to receive communications from the transmitter over a multiple-input, multiple output (MIMO) channel, to select at least one coding mode to be used by the transmitter on the channel based on rates achievable using MIMO transmission, in view of the channel information, using different combinations of one of the plurality of receiver algorithms and one of the plurality of transmission options, and to send information to identify the at least one coding mode to the base station using a feedback channel, each coding mode specifying at least an encoder to be used by the transmitter for the channel.
US08451946B2
A method is for decoding a pulse signal modulated through a transmitted reference modulation scheme. The modulated pulse signal may include, repetitively, a reference pulse followed by an information pulse delayed with a delay. The method may include subtracting or adding from the modulated pulse signal, a version of the modulated pulse signal delayed with the delay for obtaining a processed signal, and performing a non-coherent detection on the processed signal.
US08451933B2
A system and method for identifying minor echoes present in an input signal in the situation where a set of major echoes has already been identified from the input signal. The method includes: computing a spectrum F corresponding to a sum of the major echoes; computing a weighted power spectrum SM of the spectrum F; subtracting the weighted power spectrum SM from a weighted power spectrum PIN of the input signal to obtain a difference spectrum; performing a stabilized division of the difference spectrum by a conjugate of the spectrum F to obtain an intermediate spectrum; computing an inverse transform of the intermediate spectrum to obtain a time-domain signal; and estimating parameters one or more of the minor echoes from the time-domain signal. The echo parameters are usable to remove at least a portion of the one or more estimated minor echoes from the input signal.
US08451931B1
A plurality of diagonal matrices Ci is determined, where the plurality of diagonal matrices Ci is for modifying a plurality of transmit signals to be transmitted via a plurality of transmit antennas, each diagonal matrix Ci for modifying an i-th block of sub-carriers, adjacent in frequency, in the plurality of transmit signals. The plurality of diagonal matrices Ci is used to modify the plurality of transmit signals to implement transmit diversity.
US08451924B2
A radio channel simulation system comprises a plurality of input buses for receiving a beam-specific transmit signal. A transformation module transforms a channel model from antenna domain to beam domain by using a transformation algorithm and beam forming weights. The channel model represented in the beam domain is inputted into a processing module which processes the beam-specific transmit signals according to the channel model represented in the beam domain.
US08451917B2
Efficient frequency spectrum sharing between at least one incumbent communication system(s) (102, 104) and at least one cognitive radio (CR) system (106, 108) is provided. The CR unit includes OFDM detection (216) for detecting the presence of OFDM signals which indicate the presence of an incumbent communication system within the shared spectrum. The CR system (106) updates channel occupancy information in response to the detected OFDM signals so as not to interfere with the incumbent communication systems (102, 104).
US08451911B2
Some embodiments of the invention provide a method of decoding an encoded video signal that includes a plurality of successive encoded images. The method initially receives an encoded image of the video signal. It then decodes the encoded image. The method next examines the decoded image to determine whether the decoded image satisfies at least one criterion for performing a post-filter operation on the decoded image. Only if the decoded image satisfies the criterion, the method performs the post-filter operation on the decoded image. The criterion in some embodiments is whether the amount of time for applying the post-filter operation exceeds the remaining amount of time that the method has to process the received image. Some embodiments of the invention provide a method of post-filtering a current image that was decoded from an encoded video signal, which includes a plurality of successive encoded images. The current image has several sub-sections. The method selects a sub-section of the current image. It then determines whether the selected sub-section satisfies at least one condition for performing a post-filter operation on the selected sub-section. The method next performs the post-filter operation on the selected sub-section only if the selected sub-section satisfies the criterion.
US08451906B1
Systems and methods are presented for reconstructing sequences of video frames received from a sending device in a distributed video coding environment. Some of the video frames are received as key video frames fully encoded at the sending device. Others are received as non-key video frames partitioned into pixel blocks. Some of the pixel blocks are indicated for reconstruction via a corresponding previous pixel block of a previous video frame, while other pixel blocks are to be reconstructed by decoding encodings of those pixel blocks received from the sending device. Each received encoding of a pixel block is based on contents of the non-key video frame that contains the pixel block and not on contents of the previous key video frame, nor on contents of any other video frame positioned between the previous key video frame and the non-key video frame in the sequence of video frames.
US08451902B2
An adaptive filter to use in connection with prediction-based pixel block encoding and decoding is determined independently at the encoder and decoder side through a template-based procedure. A pixel block (12) has an identified reference pixel block (22) in a reference frame (20). A template (16) of multiple pixels (18) adjacent the pixel block (12) and a reference template (26) of multiple pixels (28) adjacent the reference pixel block (22) are used for determining the filter parameters of the adaptive filter. The determined adaptive filter is then applied to the reference pixel block (22) and is used for generating an encoded representation (40) of the pixel block (12) during encoding and or generating a decoded representation of the pixel block (12) during decoding.
US08451897B2
Disclosed is a pipelined motion estimation system and method. The pipelined motion estimation system includes a current frame input storage means for storing contents of a current frame and a previous frame input storage means for storing contents of one or more previous frames. A sum-of-absolute differences calculation module concurrently determines a best fit motion vector from a plurality of potential motion vectors where each of the plurality of potential motion vectors is based upon a pixel-based search pattern. A sum-of-absolute differences (SAD) logic block concurrently determines a minimum residual value from the plurality of motion vectors. The motion vector having the minimum residual value is used as a component in encoding video data.
US08451893B2
An apparatus and method for coding and decoding an image are provided. The apparatus for coding the image includes a spatio-temporal information prediction/compensation unit, a recovered image processor, a residue generator, a quantizer, and an entropy encoder. The spatio-temporal information prediction/compensation unit generates a predicted image by predicting and compensating spatio-temporal information including at least one of temporal prediction information from a current image and a recovered previous image, and spatial prediction information from a recovered current image. The recovered image processor performs a spatio-temporal noise removal process on the recovered current image using the spatio-temporal information, and stores the resulting noise-removed image. The residue generator generates a residue image obtained by subtracting the predicted image from the input image, and the quantizer outputs quantized coefficients by quantizing the residue image. The entropy encoder generates a bit stream by entropy coding the quantized coefficients.
US08451889B2
Provided are a method and apparatus for encoding an image by using sub-pixel-based motion prediction and a method and apparatus for decoding an image by using sub-pixel-based motion prediction. The method of encoding an image includes determining weights for respective low-precision sub-pixels for interpolation between the low-precision sub-pixels, determining an interpolation direction for the low-precision sub-pixels based on a position of a high-precision sub-pixel between the low-precision sub-pixels, and performing motion prediction in units of high-precision sub-pixels determined by interpolation which applies the interpolation direction and the weights to the low-precision sub-pixels.
US08451878B2
A surface profile inspection device producing a sheet of light propagating in a linear region forming a plane from a laser beam emitted from a laser light source and irradiating the sheet of light to an object to be measured, and including an image capturing unit capturing an image of the object to be measured and a configuration data generating unit extracting a light section line defined by an irradiation of the sheet of light from image data of the captured image and generating surface profile data of the object to be measured. The laser light source includes a semiconductor laser emitting a laser beam from a light emitting layer formed in a linear direction along a boarder of a p-n junction. An attitude of the semiconductor laser is set to arrange the linear direction to be unparallel to a spread direction of the sheet of light.
US08451876B1
A system and method for providing laser diodes with broad spectrum is described. GaN-based laser diodes with broad or multi-peaked spectral output operating are obtained in various configurations by having a single laser diode device generating multiple-peak spectral outputs, operate in superluminescene mode, or by use of an RF source and/or a feedback signal. In some other embodiments, multi-peak outputs are achieved by having multiple laser devices output different lasers at different wavelengths.
US08451874B2
A very large mode (VLM) slab-coupled optical waveguide laser (SCOWL) is provided that includes an upper waveguide region as part of the waveguide for guiding the laser mode. The upper waveguide region is positioned in the interior regions of the VLM SCOWL. A lower waveguide region also is part of the waveguide that guides the laser mode. The lower waveguide region is positioned in an area underneath the upper waveguide region. An active region is positioned between the upper waveguide region and the lower waveguide region. The active region is arranged so etching into the VLM SCOWL is permitted to define one or more ridge structures leaving the active region unetched. One or more mode control barrier layers are positioned between said upper waveguide region and said lower waveguide region. The one or more mode control barrier layers control the fundamental mode profile and prevent mode collapse of the laser mode. The mode control barrier layers also block carrier leakage from the active region. These layers are essential to obtaining VLM SCOWLs.
US08451867B2
Embodiments of the present invention set forth a method and system for reducing uncertainty in receive and transmit timestamps created by an NTP server. The uncertainty in the receive timestamps is removed by recording the time-of-arrival in the hardware clock of the NTP server before the incoming packets may be delayed by traversing the various layers of software in a timestamping system. The uncertainty in the transmit timestamps is removed by giving the outgoing packets a timestamp in the future using an estimate of the transmission latency calculated by the latency estimator filter. Subsequently, the actual time-of-departure is used to re-calculate and update the estimate of the transmission latency. In this fashion, superior control of the timestamping function may be implemented in existing NTP servers in a manner that retains interworking compatibility with the current NTP standards.
US08451865B2
A signal processing apparatus capable of minimizing the required processing so that a data packet containing a described discontinuity information table can be inserted preferably in a transport stream (partial stream). In this apparatus, a stream layer model storage has a model of the table to be stored in a DIT (Discontinuity Information Table) packet indicating a discontinuity point of a stream layer. A DIT packet insertion controller refers to the information set in an insertion timing setting register and, upon arrival of the timing to insert the DIT packet, the information preset in a description contents setting register is inserted into the model to thereby generate the DIT packet, and then the generated packet is inserted at the discontinuity point of the transport stream (partial stream).
US08451862B2
A demand aware fair resource allocation technique is operable to allocate communication resources in multi-hop networks under the joint consideration of communication requirements and fairness. Embodiments operate to provide allocation of time slot resources in TDMA based multi-hop wireless networks under the joint consideration of QoS and fairness. Embodiments operate with respect to information regarding maximal common slot set flow contention. An iterative process is applied with respect to the information regarding maximal common slot set flow contention to allocate communication resources providing a balance between meeting communication requirements and fairness. According to embodiments, an inter-graph process iteratively selects a maximal common slot set for which resource allocation with respect to various flows is to be performed and an intra-graph process assigns communication resources in the maximal common slot set providing a balancing between meeting communication requirements (e.g., QoS) and providing fairness.
US08451861B2
A method for requesting bandwidth allocation by a mobile station in a communication system is provided. The mobile station detects at least one Connection IDentifier (CID), bandwidth allocation for which is to be requested, generates a bandwidth request header when the number of the at least one detected CID equals one, and transmits the bandwidth request header to a base station, wherein the bandwidth request header includes a region for indicating a first CID representing basic information for identification of the mobile station, a region for indicating a ranking of the detected CID, and a region for indicating information about bandwidth requested for the detected CID.
US08451857B2
A coexistence controller which performs management and control of time division for coexistence, is provided in a power line communication modem which has a function as a QoS controller for a QoS type communication system and a power line communication modem for a best-effort type communication system. In the QoS type communication system, by controlling allocation of a communication band in accordance with priorities given to the communication systems by cooperation of the coexistence controller and the QoS controller, the power line communication systems having different schemes can coexist.
US08451855B2
The present invention discloses a TAP, which comprises a resource state inputting interface, configured to be connected to termination and adaption function of transport plane, and to acquire therefrom a resource management state, a resource use state and a resource operational state; a use state outputting interface, configured to be connected to the termination and adaption function of the transport plane, and to notify it of the resource use state; a subnetwork point adding or withdrawing interface, configured to be connected to a link resource manager, and to notify it of the adding or withdrawing of the subnetwork point; a subnetwork point binding state outputting interface, configured to be connected to the link resource manager, and to notify it of subnetwork point binding state; and a subnetwork point operational state outputting interface, configured to be connected to the link resource manager, and notifying it of the subnetwork point operational state. The present invention also discloses an LRM, a resource state control system and method. By means of the present invention, the maintenance of the SNP binding state and the synchronization with the general state of resources can be achieved.
US08451843B2
A method and an apparatus for sending an Ethernet physical-layer OAM overhead, and a method and an apparatus for receiving an Ethernet physical-layer OAM overhead are disclosed herein. A method for sending an Ethernet physical-layer OAM overhead includes: adjusting the order of sending a payload block and part of Inter-Packet Gaps (IPGs) in a data stream to be transmitted; and when receiving a request for sending an OAM overhead, substituting the OAM overhead for the part of IPGs, and sending the OAM overhead before sending the payload block. Through the present invention, the order of sending IPGs and payload blocks in an MAC data stream can be adjusted, and the OAM overhead can be sent in time.
US08451838B2
A packet forwarding apparatus forwards packets by hardware implementation in a packet switch system for an internet protocol service. In the packet forwarding apparatus, an interface transmits/receives a packet through interfacing with a data link layer. A bus operator converts the packet received from the interface by a pre-set logic. A header parser parses a header of the converted packet. A network search engine controller receives a parsed result and the packet from the header parser and controls a command for forwarding the packet by interworking with an external network search engine and a processor.
US08451835B2
An apparatus and a method of optimizing voice quality on a network having end-points that are voice over Internet Protocol (IP) devices. Default parameters of the end-points are initialized. Network performance parameters are measured and evaluated to determine whether they signify that connection to the network is below a desired level of operation. If so, the default parameters of the end-points are re-set based on the evaluation. The adjustment may entail re-negotiating the CODEC connection and re-setting parameters for packet size and resetting parameters for jitter buffer size.
US08451832B2
A content using apparatus includes an obtaining unit configured to obtain delimiter information for content data recorded on a recording medium; an accepting unit configured to accept input of an instruction by a user; and a generating unit configured to generate content data from content data subject to processing to allow playback of content in a new manner, on the basis of the delimiter information obtained by the obtaining unit and the instruction accepted by the accepting unit.
US08451824B2
An approach is provided for voice, video and data services using an integrated set-top box. A packetized voice call is received (or placed) using a set-top box, wherein the set-top is configured to present video content on a display for viewing by a user. The set-top box includes a speakerphone for the user to participate in the voice call.
US08451823B2
A voice processing system includes a real-time voice server, which is arranged to process real-time voice processing tasks for clients of the system. A gateway processor is arranged to accept from a client a request to perform an off-line voice processing task, to convert the off-line voice processing task into an equivalent real-time voice processing task, to invoke the voice server to process the equivalent real-time voice processing task, and to output a result of the equivalent real-time voice processing task.
US08451821B2
A method for a user equipment to perform a random access to a network in a mobile communication system includes transmitting a random access preamble to the network; receiving a medium access control packet data unit (MAC PDU) via a downlink shared channel, wherein the MAC PDU comprises one or more sub headers in a first part of the MAC PDU and one or more random access responses in a second part of the MAC PDU subsequent to the first part, and wherein the random access responses include first uplink resource allocation information; transmitting a first uplink data based on the first uplink resource allocation information in one of the random access responses; and transmitting a second uplink data based on second uplink resource allocation information when the second uplink resource allocation information is received via a downlink control channel.
US08451820B2
A system and method for processing a plurality of requests for a plurality of multi-media services received at a Private Service Exchange (PSX) defined on the system from a plurality of IP-communication devices. The system further includes a media server (MS) coupled to the PSX and to at least one IP Service Control Point (IP-SCP), which is operative to process the plurality of requests for the plurality of multi-media services. The IP-SCP further selectively directs the requests to the media server, which operates to form a preliminary multi-media communication path with a calling communication device. The MS further operates to play a plurality of announcements to the calling communication device over the preliminary multi-media communication path, as well as to collect caller-entered data from the calling communication device over the preliminary multi-media communication path.
US08451819B2
A method for uplink frame synchronization in a subscriber station may include recording a first time stamp corresponding to a first downlink frame and recording a second time stamp corresponding to a second downlink frame. The first time stamp and the second time stamp may be used to determine a propagation delay change. Uplink transmission timing may be adjusted based on the propagation delay change that is determined.
US08451813B2
A method is provided for determining a transmission rate of a control response frame for acknowledging data receipt in a wireless local area network. The method includes obtaining transmission parameters of a transmitting station from a data transmission frame received from the transmitting station, searching a receiving station for transmission parameters which correspond to the transmission parameters of the transmitting station, determining the transmission rate of the control response frame according to transmission parameters of the receiving station if the transmission parameters corresponding to the transmission parameters of the transmitting station are found in the receiving station, and determining a maximum rate among a set of basic transmission rates to be the transmission rate of the control response frame if the transmission parameters corresponding to the transmission parameters of the transmitting station are not found in the receiving station.
US08451809B2
A wireless gateway for use in a process control environment includes a wireless interface for communicating with a first wireless network using a first wireless communication protocol, such that the wireless network includes a plurality of field devices operating in the process control environment. The wireless gateway further includes a host interface for communicating with an external host disposed outside the wireless network using a second communication protocol and a protocol translator to enable an exchange of data between the first interface and the second interface.
US08451808B2
Embodiments of the invention include methods, articles, and apparatuses to provide information related to channels transmitted and received according to a wireless communications protocol. One embodiment of the invention provides a method comprising generating channel offset information corresponding to an extension channel within a channel of a wireless communications protocol, and transmitting the channel offset information as part of channel information to be transmitted to one or more remote devices communicating according to the wireless communications protocol. Other embodiments are also disclosed.
US08451800B2
An application mobility-management entity (“AME”) in a radio-access network detects movement of a mobile device and routes application data for already-active application streams associated with the mobile device to the device's new location by establishing a connection to a second AME in the radio-access network. The second AME merges forwarded application data from/to the first AME for previously active application streams with the new application streams (e.g., new TCP connections) locally and forwards to/from the mobile device through the radio access network elements.
US08451795B2
An apparatus, method, processor(s), and computer program product avoids user data loss by network-controlled, user equipment assisted handover in a wireless data packet communication system. A wireless receiver receives radio link control (RLC) packet data units (PDUs) from user equipment (UE) being served by a source node. A wireless transmitter commands the UE to handover. A network communication interface transmits RLC Uplink (UL) context from the source node to the target node, and transmits RLC Downlink (DL) initialization message and buffered in-transit DL RLC PDUs from the source node to the target node.
US08451791B2
A mobile communication system network node (NN) that serves user equipments (UEs) has fewer orthogonal reference signals (RSs) than a maximum number of UE antenna ports (APs) that can be served by the NN. A channel quality of a channel between the AP and the network node is ascertained for each of the APs. Whenever a number of APs of UEs served by the NN exceeds the number of RSs, all RSs are allocated to a subset of all of the APs by means of an allocation process such that: each RS is allocated to only one of the APs; each AP has no more than one RS allocated to it; and allocation decisions are a function of the channel qualities of the respective APs such that the higher the channel quality, the higher priority the corresponding AP is given as a candidate for receiving an RS allocation.
US08451788B2
A method for transmitting a secondary advanced-preamble (SA-preamble) from a base station in a wireless communication system is disclosed, wherein the SA-preamble supporting an irregular system bandwidth. The method comprises allocating a plurality of sequence subblocks corresponding to a regular system bandwidth; configuring the SA-preamble by dropping one or more sequence subblock pairs among the plurality of sequence subblocks symmetrically in base of a DC component; and transmitting the SA-preamble to a mobile station, wherein a bandwidth of the SA-preamble is same as or narrower than the irregular system bandwidth.
US08451786B2
An apparatus and a method for transmitting information in vehicle-to-vehicle communication based on IEEE802.11 standard WLAN, which involves both safety information based on the IEEE802.11p standard and non-safety-related information based on another IEEE802.11 standard being transmitted. The apparatus is equipped with a transmission and/or reception device which has a WLAN chipset. In order to achieve the vehicle-to-vehicle communication with a single piece of hardware, provision is made for the WLAN chipset to be able to be changed over by a control command between a first mode based on the IEEE802.11p standard and a second mode based on another IEEE802.11 standard and for the apparatus to have a control device which changes over the mode of the WLAN chipset using a control command.
US08451775B2
A method of transmitting a cell type information, which is transmitted by a base station in a wireless communication system, is disclosed. The present invention includes broadcasting a boundary point information (Z) between a cell identity of a public ABS (advanced base station) and a cell identity of a private ABS via an S-SFH SP3 (secondary-super frame header subpacket3). In this case, the boundary point information (Z) is a range information of cell identity partitions partitioned by granularity of 10 sequences or 20 sequences per segment and a total number of the cell identity partitions is 16. Further, the range information of cell identity partitions includes information that all cell identities are cell identities of the private ABS or information that all cell identities are cell identities of the public ABS except for cell identities of a macro ABS.
US08451771B2
Techniques are provided for a multi-user reservation sequence used when transmitting a multi-user transmission in a wireless network. At a wireless access point device configured to operate in a wireless network, a multi-user request-to-send packet is transmitted as part of a multi-user reservation sequence prior to a multi-user transmission from the wireless access point device to a plurality of wireless client devices that are the intended recipients for the multi-user transmission. The multi-user request-to-send packet comprises duration information and address information configured to address at least some of the plurality of wireless client devices. Clear-to-send packets transmitted from two or more of the plurality of wireless client devices in response to the multi-user request-to-send packet are received at the wireless access point device. Each clear-to-send packet comprises identical content. In some scenarios, the multi-user request-to-send packet is preceded by a single-user request-to-send packet directed to a designated wireless client device.
US08451766B2
Provided is a method for measuring a node location using a Media Access Control (MAC) layer of a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN). The method, includes: requesting ranging measurement to the mobile node by broadcasting an MAC frame where ranging measurement start is displayed according to a ranging measurement request message for a mobile node transmitted from outside; and receiving ranging measurement information measured in the mobile node as a response to the broadcasted MAC frame and broadcasting an MAC frame where ranging measurement end is displayed.
US08451757B2
A method for receiving a preamble signal of another communication system and a method for adaptively changing a measurement gap to discover another communication system are disclosed. A method for receiving a preamble signal from a base station of a second communication system by a communicating mobile station in a first communication system includes receiving measurement gap scheduling information from a base station of the first communication system, if a preamble signal of the second communication system is not received during an assigned measurement gap, changing the measurement gap, and receiving the preamble signal of the second communication system during the changed measurement gap.
US08451752B2
A mobile device communicates with a first mesh access point (AP) via a first radio frequency (RF) interface of the mobile device over a first wireless connection, where the first mesh AP is one of mesh APs of a first mesh cell of the wireless mesh network. It is detected that signal quality of the first wireless connection drops below a predetermined threshold as the mobile device moves from the first mesh cell towards a second mesh cell. In response to the detection, it is established via a second RF interface of the mobile device a second wireless connection with a second mesh AP of a second mesh cell of the wireless mesh network, while concurrently maintaining the first wireless connection with the first mesh AP via the first RF interface.
US08451749B2
In the case where one set of EDCA access parameters is set, there are problems such as failure in performing QoS when a transmission rate is changed and a deterioration in transmission efficiency. A relay device is a wireless communication device which transmits received data according to a priority level of the data, including: a transmitting unit which transmits received data; a rate measuring unit which measures a rate at which the transmitting unit transmits the data; and a transmission control unit which adaptively controls a transmission waiting time for which the transmitting unit waits until start of the transmission of the data, according to the transmission rate of the transmitting unit which is measured by the rate measuring unit, wherein the transmitting unit transmits the data according to transmission control by the transmission control unit.
US08451746B2
A forecast model processes performance data from a site, e.g., a cable modem termination system (CMTS), to obtain a set of concurrency equations for existing speed tiers that is based on an observed subscriber bandwidth for the site. A new set of concurrency equations is obtained for new speed tiers so that a new subscriber bandwidth can be predicted for the new speed tiers. Based on the new subscriber bandwidth, expected subscriber growth, and changes in data consumption, the site is reconfigured with additional ports based on the forecast. This process can be repeated for the other sites. Sites may be grouped together based on the observed subscriber bandwidth. A new subscriber bandwidth may be predicted for the group with the new speed tiers so that additional ports can be configured for each of the sites in the group.
US08451733B2
A method of optimizing scanning parameters for a plurality of channels in a wireless band includes identifying channels in the plurality of channels as overlapping channels and identifying channels in the plurality of channels as non-overlapping channels, wherein each of the non-overlapping channels transmits and receives signals at frequencies that do not overlap frequencies of other non-overlapping channels. Then scanning parameters for each channel are optimized in order to assign the scanning parameters to be normal scanning parameters or extended scanning parameters, the extended scanning parameters indicating longer scanning times used for scanning channels than that of the normal scanning parameters. Next each overlapping channel is scanned with a networked electronic device using the normal scanning parameters. The method also includes scanning each non-overlapping channel with the networked electronic device using the extended scanning parameters.
US08451731B1
A network monitoring device includes a flow processing element, disposed to receive flow information relating to network flows, and to generate a set of virtual packets, each representing a portion of a network flow. The virtual packets are maintained in a time-sequential order, and read by elements of the network monitoring device to generate information relating to network traffic, such as symptoms affecting the communication network, problems affecting the communication network, and otherwise. The network monitoring device randomly samples virtual packets, with at least one of two effects: (1) flow information from traffic reporting devices that are themselves sampling at differing rates can be equalized, with the effect of standardizing information from all of them; (2) the network monitoring device itself can restrict its attention to a fraction of all virtual packets, with the effect of keeping up with a relatively large number of virtual packets.
US08451728B2
A method is presented for adapting the packet size for VoIP communications, determined on-the-fly by the total network delay inherent at the time of packet transmission. If network delays are small relative to the maximum permissible latency for VoIP communications, the payload size per packet may be increased to maximize efficiency for the transmitted call. Alternatively, if network delays are large, the payload size per packet may be decreased in order to assure that the perceived quality of the transmitted call is acceptable.
US08451727B2
Congestion occurrence in a communication network is controlled when performing data transmission based on a first protocol between a first edge node and a second edge node. The first edge node detects a first congestion state identifying a congestion state of the first edge node, and sets first congestion information identifying the detected first congestion state to a packet that is to be transmitted from the first edge node to the second edge node. The first edge node transmits the packet having the first information to the second edge node at the time when the first edge node performs data transmission based on a second protocol from the first edge node to the second edge node, wherein the second protocol is a connectionless protocol positioned at a protocol layer higher than the first protocol.
US08451715B1
A network system includes a provider backbone bridged network (PBBN) and a multi-homed provider bridge network (PBN) having a plurality of L2 switches that operate as backboned edge bridges (BEBs) to bridges L2 packets between the PBN and the PBBN. A first one of the L2 switches is configured to bridge L2 packets from a first backbone VLAN (B-VLAN) to the PBN when a physical link of the multi-homed PBN is operational. The L2 switch is further configured to shunt the L2 packets from the first backbone VLAN to a second one of the L2 switches operating as a secondary BEB of the multi-homed PBN via a second B-VLAN when the physical link is non-operational.
US08451714B2
A system and method for using a PSTN as a fallback for the IP media when the IP network cannot pass the media acceptably and while continuing to use the IP network for call control and other features. In one embodiment, a call controller has a media monitoring module, a bypass module and a PSTN control module. Once a call has been established between endpoints using a primary IP network, the media monitoring module monitors for degradation in call quality. If degradation in call quality is detected, the bypass module transfers the data communication to a secondary network such as a PSTN while the call control continues to be over the primary network. The present invention also includes a variety of methods including a method for falling back to a secondary network and a method for dynamically switching between a primary and a secondary network to ensure call quality.
US08451712B2
A system and method is disclosed that assures component circuits transported in aggregated circuits restore correctly after an aggregated circuit fault. The system and method implements component circuit tail segment integrity checks whenever an aggregated circuit is restored in a higher level of a network hierarchy. Switches at both ends of an aggregated circuit perform circuit integrity checks of the tail segments of every component circuit. A failure of the component circuit integrity check on any component circuit causes that component circuit to be released and restored end-to-end.
US08451702B2
Systems and methods for data storage on an optical medium having a plurality of tracks include splitting a light beam into a higher power main beam and at least one lower power side beam that form corresponding spots spaced along a selected one of the plurality of tracks and selectively positioning and aligning the beams/spots along the selected one of the plurality of tracks using the higher power main beam to write data while reading previously written data using the at least one lower power side beam. The systems and methods may include correlating the read signal with a time-shifted write signal to provide a direct read after write capability to verify data written to the optical medium. In one embodiment, an optical tape drive includes an optical pickup unit (OPU) that generates a lower power satellite beam to read data directly after writing by a higher power main beam.
US08451686B2
The invention relates to a method for the acquisition of seismic data that uses sources operable to produce, when they are in a shooting station, seismic vibrations according to a sweep type shooting sequence, of predetermined duration and variable frequency. According to this method, the source and recording device clocks are synchronized, shooting is authorized for each of the sources at a series of predetermined shooting times tk,n, with k being an order number for a given source and n a source order number, between 1 and the number of sources Ns, and carried out on condition that the source is in a state to produce vibrations at such time tk,n, and the signals produced by the receivers are continuously recorded. The invention also relates to a system for seismic acquisition that implements this method.
US08451680B2
A semiconductor memory device includes a bit line sense amplifier block array, upper and lower memory cell arrays and a sense amplifier controller. The bit line sense amplifier block array senses and amplifies data of a memory cell array. The upper and the lower memory cell arrays are respectively connected to upper and lower sides of the bit line sense amplifier block array and store the data in the memory cell array. The sense amplifier controller selectively connects one of the upper and lower memory cell arrays to the bit line sense amplifier block array in response to an active command, and releases the connection when a corresponding one of the upper and lower memory cell arrays are not selected but overdriven.
US08451666B2
A method for reading a memory element within a crossbar array, the method including selecting a column line connected to a target memory element of the crossbar array by applying a supply voltage to a source follower, a gate terminal of the source follower connected to the column line; applying bias voltages to row lines of the crossbar array; storing an output voltage of the source follower in a storage element; applying a sense voltage to a row line connected to the target memory element; and outputting a difference between the voltage stored in the storage element and an output voltage of the source follower while the sense voltage is applied to the row line.
US08451664B2
The present disclosure includes methods, devices, and systems for determining and using soft data in memory devices and systems. One or more embodiments include an array of memory cells and control circuitry coupled to the array. The control circuitry is configured to perform a number of sense operations on the memory cells using a number of sensing voltages to determine soft data associated with a target state of the memory cells, and adjust a sensing voltage used to determine the target state based, at least partially, on the determined soft data.
US08451663B2
A method of programming a nonvolatile memory device comprises programming target memory cells among a plurality of memory cells connected to a wordline, performing a first sensing operation on the plurality of memory cells, and selectively performing a second sensing operation on the target memory cells based on a result of the first sensing operation.
US08451662B2
Subject matter disclosed herein relates to a memory device, and more particularly to write performance of a memory device.
US08451653B2
Flip-flop memory cells are connected to a pair of bit lines and respectively to word lines. A word line driver outputs a word line selection pulse to one of the word lines in a word line selection period. A write circuit gives a potential difference corresponding to input data to the pair of bit lines after a start of the word line selection period. In a first operation mode, the potential difference of the pair of bit lines is reset in the word line selection period, and in the second mode, the potential difference of the pair of bit lines is reset after the word line selection period.
US08451645B2
A variable resistance memory device includes a variable resistance memory cell, and a by-pass circuit configured to electrically by-pass a programming pulse supplied to the variable resistance memory cell after a resistive state of the variable resistance memory cell has changed in response to the programming pulse.
US08451631B2
To detect a peak time of an exciting current of a transformer, a primary current corresponding to the peak time, or a variation time of the primary voltage, and to switch a switch after expiration of a predetermined period from the peak time, after the peak time occurs. A control apparatus 1 is applied to a power conversion circuit 2 which includes a switch circuit 23 including one switch or a plurality of switches and a transformer 21. The control apparatus includes: an output voltage detector 11 detecting a value of an output voltage of the power conversion circuit; an exciting current peak time generator 12 detecting a peak time of an exciting current of the transformer; a timing generator 13 generating a switching timing of the one switch or the plurality of switches. The timing generator 13 generates the switching timing of the one switch or the plurality of switches on the basis of the output voltage and the peak time.
US08451625B2
An electronic device includes a housing, a printed circuit board (PCB) defining a mounting hole and one or more fixing mechanisms. The fixing mechanism includes a fixing member and a screw. The fixing member includes a main body and a number of elastic connection portions interconnecting the housing and the main body for adjusting a position of the main body relative to the housing. The main body defines a threaded hole. The screw passes through the mounting hole of the PCB and is threaded into the threaded hole of the main body, to fix the PCB on the main body.
US08451624B2
A portable electronic device includes a casing, an electronic module, at least one flexible arm, and at least one latch. The casing has a containing portion, at least one sliding slot, and at least one positioning structure. The electronic module is configured in the containing portion and has at least one locking slot. The flexible arm is connected to the casing and located between the sliding slot and the electronic module. Besides, the flexible arm has a position-limiting protrusion. The latch has a first bump and at least one second bump. When the latch slides into the sliding slot, the first bump interferes with the positioning structure, so that the latch is positioned, and the second bump pushes the position-limiting protrusion into the locking slot, so that the electronic module is restricted within the containing portion.
US08451620B2
Embodiments include but are not limited to apparatuses and systems including semiconductor packages, e.g. memory packages, having a substrate or a first package, and a second package coupled to the substrate or the first package, wherein the second package includes at least one die and an underfill material disposed in a portion, but not an entirety, of an area between the package and the substrate or the first package. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.
US08451618B2
A semiconductor module having one or more integrated antennas in a single package is provided herein to comprise a bonding interconnect structure having a plurality of individual bonding elements that are confined to a relatively small area of the bottom of a package. In particular, the semiconductor module comprises a bonding interconnect structure configured to connect an integrated package to a printed circuit board (PCB), wherein the integrated antenna structures are located at greater center-to-center distance from the IC device than the three dimensional interconnect structures. Therefore, the bonding interconnect structures are confined to a connection area that causes a part of the package containing the one or more antenna structures to extend beyond the bonding interconnect structure as a cantilevered structure. Such a bonding interconnect structure result in a package that is in contact with a PCB at a relatively small area that supports the load of the package.
US08451617B2
An integrated circuit board includes a bridging filtering capacitor, a bypass capacitor, a thermistor, and a varistor. The integrated circuit board further includes an electrolytic capacitor set having a plurality of electrolytic capacitors, which are arranged in parallel and adjacent to each other, and a mounting frame for grouping the electrolytic capacitors. The present invention uses the above elements to reduce the vertical height, the horizontal width, and the occupied area. Therefore, the overall dimension of the circuit board can be reduced to make the electronic devices smaller, especially for thin electronic devices such as LCD TVs and screens.
US08451613B2
According to one embodiment, an electronic apparatus includes a housing, a module in the housing, and an electrical interconnection. The housing includes a first portion, a second portion including a step between the first portion and the second potion, and a slope between the first portion and the second portion. The electrical interconnection extends from the first portion to the second portion via the slope and is electrically connected to the module.
US08451612B2
A line-management device for use in applications involving hoisting a load, the device having two or more parts, each part being releasably securable to at least one other part and comprising a body portion (1) and engaging means (6) and (7) for securably engaging with at least one other part and being shaped such that, in combination with the other part, a cavity is defined for receiving a load-bearing line, the device comprising attachment means (10) for attachment of a secondary line to be managed and, in use, the device being moveable longitudinally about the load-bearing line.
US08451607B2
A keyboard including a case, a first fan, an air deflector and a keycap module is provided. The case includes a first side and a second side. The first side has an opening, the second side is disposed at a side of the first side and has at least one hole. The first fan is disposed at the second side and located between the first side and the second side. The air deflector is disposed between the first side and the second side of the case and corresponding to the hole of the second side and the opening of the first side. The keycap module is disposed at the opening of the first side.
US08451602B2
A handheld electronic device includes a first body, a second body, a flexible electrical connector, and a protection cover. The second body is slidably stacked with the first body. The flexible electrical connector is electrically connected between the first body and the second body. The cover is slidably disposed between the first body and the second body. The cover is at an initial position when the first body and the second body are in a stacked state. The cover shields the flexible electrical connector exposed after the second body moves when the first body and the second body are in a spread state. As a result, the lifetime of the handheld electronic device can be prolonged. Additionally, the available region of the handheld electronic device in the spread state can be increased to provide higher design flexibility.
US08451598B2
An aesthetically pleasing small form factor desktop computer is described. The small form factor desktop computer can be formed of a single piece seamless housing that in the described embodiment is machined from a single billet of aluminum. The single piece seamless housing includes an aesthetically pleasing foot support having at least a portion formed of RF transparent material that provides easy user access to selected internal components as well as offers electromagnetic (EM) shielding. This simplicity of design can accrue many advantages to the small form factor desktop computer besides those related to aesthetic look and feel. Fewer components and less time and effort can be required for assembly of the small form factor desktop computer and the absence of seams in the single piece housing can provide good protection against environmental contamination of internal components as well as EM shielding.
US08451589B2
A metal clad switchgear assembly comprising multiple compartments defined within an electrical enclosure is provided. The compartments interchangeably accommodate electrical components, for example, current transformers, a circuit breaker, a control power transformer, an epoxy encapsulated potential transformer, etc., electrical cables, and bus bars in predetermined positions for allowing front access and/or rear access to them. One or more compartments are configured for enabling the electrical cables to enter into and/or exit out from the electrical enclosure for allowing front and/or rear access to the electrical cables. A mounting block assembly is positioned in one or more of the compartments for mounting, enclosing, and providing front access to the electrical components. One or more infrared windows and inspection windows are positioned on a front side and/or a rear side of the switchgear assembly for scanning and providing a visual indication of the electrical components, the electrical cables, and the bus bars.
US08451585B2
An electric double layer capacitor includes a container including electric insulating material for housing the capacitor. At least two electrodes including granular particulate store a charge. An aqueous electrolyte, having a generally neutral pH, floods the at least two electrodes. A separator material including a porous electrical insulating and ionic conducting material separates the at least two electrodes. At least two collectors including graphite each in contact with an electrode conduct current. An elastic compression material compressing the at least two electrodes flooded by the aqueous electrolyte maintains a firm contact of the at least two collectors with material in flooded electrodes. End caps including a high conductivity material joined to the at least two collectors make external electrical connections.
US08451583B2
The invention relates to an elongated power distributor (100) adapted to provide electrical power to an OLED device (104), the power distributor (100) comprising—a set of power cells (102), wherein the power cells (102) are arranged along the power distributor (100), each of the power cells (102) being adapted to provide substantially identical operating currents or voltages to the OLED device (104), and—means for mechanically fixing the power distributor (100) to the OLED device (104).
US08451582B2
Electrostatic capacitors with high capacitance density and high-energy storage are implemented over conventional electrolytic capacitor anode substrates using highly conformal contact layers deposited by atomic layer deposition. Capacitor films that are suitable for energy storage, electrical and electronics circuits, and for integration onto PC boards endure long lifetime and high-temperature operation range.
US08451581B2
A passive device having a portion in the package substrate and a portion in the system board such that the portions of the device are electromagnetically coupled. A transformer including inductors in the package substrate and system board electromagnetically coupled across a space between the substrate and board that is surrounded by solder balls coupling the substrate and board. A capacitor including plates in the substrate and board electromagnetically coupled across a space between the substrate and board that is surrounded by solder balls coupling the substrate and board. A core material can at least partially fill the space between the substrate and board. The solder balls surrounding the space can be coupled to ground. Metal shielding can be put in the substrate and/or board surrounding the device. The metal shielding can be coupled to the solder balls. The metal shielding can be coupled to ground.
US08451576B2
A protection circuit employing a pair of SCR devices connected respectfully from telephone line tip conductor and ring conductors to ground. The SCR devices are of the type providing internal semiconductor resistors between the gate and cathode terminals for sensing overcurrents in the telephone line conductors, and providing voltage sensitive semiconductor regions so that the SCR devices are sensitive to overvoltages on the telephone line conductors. A pair of diodes are connected across the cathode-anode terminals of the SCR devices to provide overvoltage protection for positive polarity overvoltages on the telephone line.
US08451572B2
A device, such as an intelligent electronic device (IED), provides a monitoring and protective function for a power system. The protective function uses stimulus acquired from the power system to detect power system conditions and to take one or more protective actions responsive thereto. The device may detect arc flash events in the power system based upon electro-optical and/or current stimulus measurements obtained therefrom. The stimulus measurements may be recorded to use in metering, validation, identifying detector misoperation, and/or event oscillography.
US08451570B2
A method for producing an oscillation signal which indicates oscillation in an electrical power supply system, in which measured values that characterize current and voltage at a measurement point in the electrical power supply system are detected and are converted to digital current and voltage vector measured values. Impedance values are calculated in the complex numerical domain from the current vector measured values and the voltage vector measured values. A curve profile formed by the impedance values is considered and, if appropriate, the oscillation signal is produced using characteristic properties of the curve profile. In order to provide a method in which an oscillation can be identified as reliably as possible, a first oscillation supposition signal is produced when the separation of the impedance values from an oscillation center point remains substantially the same and a second oscillation supposition signal is produced when the rate at which the impedance values approach the curve profile remains substantially the same. The oscillation signal is produced when both the first and the second oscillation supposition signal are present. A protective device or measurement instrument has a corresponding oscillation identification device.
US08451564B2
A hard disk drive including a crash stop is disclosed. The crash stop includes a shaft and a resilient member covering a portion of the shaft. In addition, the resilient member includes a right side protrusion and a left side protrusion. The right and left side protrusions are configured to disperse energy from an impact between a head stack assembly and the crash stop.
US08451555B2
An apparatus includes a waveguide having a core layer and an end adjacent to an air bearing surface, first and second poles magnetically coupled to each other and positioned on opposite sides of the waveguide, wherein the first pole includes a first portion spaced from the waveguide and a second portion extending from the first portion toward the air bearing surface, with the second portion being structured such that an end of the second portion is closer to the core layer of the waveguide than the first portion, and a heat sink positioned adjacent to the second portion of the first pole.
US08451554B2
A flat panel display device includes a display module, a protection window member and a layer disposed in an area between the protection window member and a display area of the display module. The protection window member includes a stepped portion within which the layer is disposed. The stepped portion may include a recess or a plurality of layers.
US08451551B2
This image reading apparatus, includes: a first retaining member that retains a lens unit; a second retaining member that retains a sensor unit; and a positioning member that sets a relative position between the first retaining member and the second retaining member, wherein the positioning member comprises: a first concave portion that is sagged from a first contact surface to be in contact with the first retaining member; and a second concave portion that is sagged from a second contact surface to be in contact with the second retaining member, and the positioning member is fixed to the first retaining member and the second retaining member by an adhesive filled in the first concave portion and the second concave portion.
US08451548B2
A projection lens system includes, in order from the magnified side to the reduced side thereof, a first lens group with negative refractive power, a second lens group with a positive refracting power, and a spatial light modulator. The projection lens system satisfies the following condition: 3.478
US08451542B2
A zoom lens system, in order from an object side to an image side, comprising a first lens unit having positive optical power, a second lens unit having positive optical power, a third lens unit having positive optical power, a fourth lens unit having negative optical power, and at least one subsequent lens unit; an interchangeable lens apparatus; and a camera system are provided.
US08451536B2
Disclosed herein is an irradiation apparatus including: laser light source; a polarization splitting section configured to split laser light emitted from the laser light source into first linearly polarized light and second linearly polarized light different in polarization direction; a light beam dividing section configured to divide the first or second linearly polarized light into a plurality of light beams; a quarter-wave plate array composed of a plurality of first quarter-wave plates for converting some of the light beams into right circularly polarized light and a plurality of second quarter-wave plates for converting the other of the light beams into left circularly polarized light, the first quarter-wave plates and the second quarter-wave plates being alternately arranged in a first direction perpendicular to an optical axis; and a projection optical system for condensing the right circularly polarized light and the left circularly polarized light toward a work surface to be irradiated.
US08451526B2
An exemplary shutter device includes a base having an aperture defined therein, a shaft mounted on the base, a magnetic element, a shutter blade, a first wire coil and a second wire coil. The magnetic element is connected to the shaft and rotatable around the shaft. The shutter blade is coupled to the shaft and jointly rotatable with the magnetic element. The first wire coil and the second wire coil are mounted on the base arranged on two sides of the magnetic element. The first and second wire coils are configured for driving the magnetic element to rotate, thereby moving the shutter blade to selectively expose the aperture or cover the aperture.
US08451518B2
A system and method is provided for detecting and correcting color-to-color process direction misregistration errors, including a printer capable of printing in a plurality of colors, the printer having a sensor for generating a signal including information corresponding to a color registration pattern printed on a substrate by the printer. The system and method further include a processor for receiving the signal from the sensor and analyzing the signal for detecting color-to-color process direction misregistration via an algorithm. The color registration pattern includes a plurality of segments, each segment associated with a different color of the plurality of colors and each segment including at least one different dimension from at least one other segment of the plurality of segments.
US08451516B2
An apparatus for scanning a bound document is provided. The apparatus comprises a casing, an image-capturing assembly, at least a sensor and a controller. The casing has a first platen and a second platen disposed adjacent to each other, wherein the first platen having a scanning region is provided to support the bound document. The image-capturing assembly is disposed under the first platen for capturing an image of the bound document within the scanning region and generating an image signal. At least a sensor is disposed on the second platen for detecting the presence of the bound document. The sensor transmits a detection signal responsive to detection of the document presence. The controller is electrically connected to the image-capturing assembly and the sensor for executing a book-scanning mode responsive to the detection signal received from the sensor.
US08451512B2
A scanner includes a reference backing member, a scan assembly and a light-obstruction member. The scan assembly, disposed opposite the reference backing member, scans a reference block of the reference backing member and an original block of an original in a scan region. The scan assembly includes a light source for emitting a first light beam in a direction toward the reference block, and emitting a second light beam in a direction toward the original block. The light-obstruction member, disposed between the reference backing member and the scan assembly, includes a light-obstruction part, disposed in a first optical path of the first light beam and outside a second optical path of the second light beam, for blocking a portion of the first light beam from reaching the reference block.
US08451498B2
An image processing device includes an image output unit, an image input unit, and a tone-correction-parameter generation unit. The image output unit outputs a tone-correction-parameter generation sheet to generate a parameter for correcting a tone of an input image. The tone-correction-parameter generation sheet includes a plurality of patches for at least two types of screens. At least one of the at least two types of screens includes more patches of an identical color and tone than at least another of the at least two types of screens. The image input unit inputs a representative value of each patch read from the tone-correction-parameter generation sheet outputted by the image output unit. The tone-correction-parameter generation unit generates the parameter in accordance with a plurality of representative values inputted by the image input unit.
US08451497B2
An image processor comprising a control unit, wherein the control unit includes a determining unit that determines a reading mode suitable for a document based on image data corresponding to the document read by an reader; and a converting unit that converts the image data according to the reading mode. The determining unit includes a color detecting unit that detects color information based on the image data; a color determining unit that determines whether the reading mode is a color mode based on the color information; a background detecting unit that detects a background of the document; a background removing unit that removes the background; a gray detecting unit that detects a size of an area of a portion which is not removed in the image data as gray information; and a gray determining unit that determines whether the reading mode is a gray mode based on the gray information.
US08451492B2
This invention is directed to a printing apparatus capable of reliably performing a driving switching operation using movement of a carriage. In the printing apparatus, it sometimes cannot be determined to which of a clutch lever or the cap of a printhead the carriage abuts against. In this case, even if the carriage abuts against the cap, a position where the abutment was detected is regarded as the temporary home position of the carriage. When a conveyance motor is driven to transfer its driving force to a desired engaging destination, the cap is retracted from the moving path of the carriage. The driving force of the conveyance motor can thereby be transferred to the desired engaging destination.
US08451490B2
When multiple print jobs that include banner printing are combined and prescribed manipulation settings are specified, data for banner printing is processed separately of the multiple items of print data and the multiple items of print data are combined into a single item of print data, and newly created data for banner printing and the print data that has been combined is output. As a result, it is possible to avoid problems that arise from the combining of jobs for which banner printing settings and settings for finishing processing or layout processing have been made concurrently, and a user can be provided with the optimum printout by adapting processing in accordance with circumstances.
US08451484B2
An information processing apparatus and method for controlling printing, the apparatus and method including acquiring printing apparatus identification information for identifying a printing apparatus from a removable medium connected to the information processing apparatus, producing print data to be printed by the printing apparatus using a printer driver compatible with the printing apparatus identified by the printing apparatus identification information, storing the print data produced by the print data production unit on the removable medium.
US08451477B2
An image forming apparatus is provided with a browsing setting table storage portion for storing a keyword specified by a user, an update presence/absence determination portion for retrieving, from information publicized through a server, publicized information that includes updated or newly added contents and that also includes the keyword stored in the browsing setting table storage portion, and a printing control portion for controlling a printing unit to print the publicized information thus retrieved.
US08451464B2
An obtaining unit obtains, from a connected apparatus, performance data related to a function of the apparatus. If it is determined the apparatus includes a plurality of functions based on the obtained performance data, information of individual processes related to the plurality of processes is divided in the obtained performance data. The individual processes are used to generate a workflow.
US08451455B2
A method and apparatus incorporating an optical homodyne into a self-diffraction densitometer is disclosed. The method may include splitting a laser beam into four beams by passing the laser beam through a plurality of beam splitters, passing three beams of the four beams through a lens that focuses the three beams to minimum diffraction limited waist diameter and brings them to convergence at a convergence zone containing an analyte, generating a reference beam by passing a fourth beam of the four beams through an optical phase modulator, wherein if a medium within the convergence zone absorbs energy at a wavelength of the laser beam, a thermal representation of an interference pattern forms and spatial modulation of temperature results in a spatial modulation of refractive index, whereby a diffracted beam from energy of the three beams is produced into a propagation path of the reference beam, and passing the reference beam through the lens and the convergence zone such that the reference beam is coincident with the diffracted beam, wherein the reference beam and diffracted beams cyclically go in and out of relative phase and impinge on an optical detector.
US08451452B2
Methods and devices are disclosed for acquiring depth resolved aberration information using principles of low coherence interferometry and perform coherence gated wavefront sensing (CG-WFS). The wavefront aberrations is collected using spectral domain low coherence interferometry (SD-LCI) or time domain low coherence interferometry (TD-LCI) principles. When using SD-LCI, chromatic aberrations can also be evaluated. Methods and devices are disclosed in using a wavefront corrector to compensate for the aberration information provided by CG-WFS, in a combined imaging system, that can use one or more channels from the class of (i) optical coherence tomography (OCT), (ii) scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, (iii) microscopy, such as confocal or phase microscopy, (iv) multiphoton microscopy, such as harmonic generation and multiphoton absorption. For some implementations, simultaneous and dynamic aberration measurements/correction with the imaging process is achieved. The methods and devices disclosed can provide wavefront sensing in the presence of stray reflections from optical interfaces.
US08451451B2
A ring laser gyroscope that includes a cavity containing a gain medium, a plurality of reflective surfaces coupled to the cavity, and at least one medium exciter operable to excite the gain medium. The gain medium has naturally dispersive properties associated with an index of refraction. The reflective surfaces include at least a first reflective surface, a second reflective surface, and a third reflective surface. The first, second, and third reflective surfaces are positioned to reflect light between the plurality of reflective surfaces. The excited gain medium induces first and second laser fields within the cavity. The first and second laser fields operate at a lasing frequency corresponding to a negative slope of the index of refraction associated with the dispersive properties of the gain medium. The gain medium causes anomalous dispersion of the first and second laser fields passing through the gain medium.
US08451449B2
A light sensing apparatus for measuring the reflectance of sub surface soil in real-time while attached to a moving vehicle is disclosed. Reflectance measurements from the apparatus can be related to the organic matter content of the soil. The apparatus is housed in a corrosion resistant enclosure having field rebuildable wear surfaces. The wear surfaces help extend the life of the apparatus by isolating the apparatus's main enclosure from soil abrasion. The wear surfaces also assist in conditioning the sensed soil surface by smoothing the surface prior to sensing. Signal conditioning circuitry in the apparatus is utilized to reject the influence of ambient light in the advent that the soil/apparatus interface opens. A digital processor or other “intelligent controller” is utilized in the apparatus to auto calibrate the apparatus in real-time and/or use predetermined tables or mathematical relationships in order to convert reflectance information into organic matter measurements.
US08451447B2
Embodiments of the apparatus, systems, and methods relate to a photoacoustic sensor includes an excitation source, a modulator, a quantum dot filter, an interferometer, a gas chamber, and a microphone. The excitation source generates a monochromatic light. The modulator intensity modulates the monochromatic light at a first modulation frequency. The quantum dot filter down converts the modulated monochromatic light into a broadband spectrum of infrared light. The interferometer further intensity modulates the broadband spectrum such that the at least one wavelength component of the broadband spectrum is further intensity modulated at a second modulation frequency. The gas chamber stores a sample gas and receives the plurality of modulated wavelength components. The microphone detects pressure changes within the gas chamber to produce an acoustic signal, which can be used to analyze properties of the sample gas.
US08451446B2
The invention relates to a differential polarizing laser-scanning microscope (DP LSM) for determining differential polarization quantities of a material, comprising a laser light source (L) for scanning the sample and illuminating it with a coherent and monochromatic light, a microscope unit (ME) with a sample holder for providing a preselected optical magnification and imaging and a polarization state setting unit (PAA) positioned in the illuminating beam path (between the light source and the sample holder). The microscope is further provided with detectors (D1, D2) in the observing beam path, at least one filter holder in front of the detectors and a signal-processing unit (VE) for processing the electrical signals of the detectors. In the DP-LSM microscope an optical element (DP) is located in the common beam path comprising the illuminating and the observing beams, for separating the orthogonal polarization components.
US08451444B2
A system for sensing particulate in a combustion gas stream is disclosed. The system transmits light into a combustion gas stream, and thereafter detects a portion of the transmitted light as scattered light in an amount corresponding to the amount of particulates in the emissions. Purge gas may be supplied adjacent the light supply and the detector to reduce particles in the emissions from coating or otherwise compromising the transmission of light into the emissions and recovery of scattered light from the emissions.
US08451440B2
An apparatus (1) for the optical inspection of wafers is disclosed, which comprises an assembly unit (10) which carries optical elements (30, 31, 32, 33) of at least one illumination path (3) for a bright field illumination and optical elements (50, 51, 52, 60, 61, 62, 70, 71, 72, 80, 81, 82) of at least one illumination path (5, 6, 7, 8) for a dark field illumination. The assembly unit (10) furthermore carries plural optical elements (91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100) of at least one detection path (91, 92). An imaging optical element (32) of the at least one illumination path (3) for the bright field illumination (30), imaging optical elements (51, 61, 71, 81) of the at least one illumination path for the dark field illumination, and imaging optical elements (91, 95, 96) of the at least one detection path (9) are designed in such a way that all illumination paths (3, 5, 6, 7, 8) and all detection paths (91, 92) are telecentric.
US08451439B2
A method and apparatus for inspecting defects includes emitting an ultraviolet light from an ultraviolet light source, illuminating a specimen with the ultraviolet light in which a polarization condition of the ultraviolet light is controlled, controlling a polarization condition of light reflected from the specimen which is illuminated by the polarization condition controlled ultraviolet light, detecting the light reflected from the specimen, processing the detected light so as to detect defects, and outputting information about the defects. The ultraviolet light source is disposed in a clean environment supplied with clean gas and separated from outside.
US08451437B2
An apparatus for detecting variations in light output of an electroluminescent (EL) device is described. The EL device includes a transparent substrate having a first edge extending in a first direction and a plurality of EL emitters disposed over the face of the substrate in the first direction, and some of the light emitted by each EL emitter travels through the substrate and out of the first edge. A light sensor physically separated from the first edge senses the light travelling out of the first edge. A controller stored first sensed light at a first time and second sensed light at a later second time and computes a variation in light output of one or more of the EL emitters in the EL device using the stored first sensed light and second sensed light.
US08451436B2
To determine as precisely as possible the flow rate of a liquid flow inside a tube by means of minimal technical and especially minimal apparatus complexity the invention provides with a procedure and an apparatus to determine it. In this process the liquid is heated by means of an optical heating beam while the point of heating is shown through by an optical detection ray. The axis of the heating- and the detection beam coincide at least in the point of heating. The detection beam is absorbed via an array of detectors. In the apparatus the heating device which heats the interior area of a limited internal area of the liquid and the optical control unit of the laser beam are arranged that way that a measuring beam shines through the absolute heating point.
US08451433B2
Range-finding apparatus comprises a source of pulsed radiation of variable repetition rate and a beam-splitter for dividing the pulsed radiation into two portions which are directed respectively to a local retro-reflector and to a retro-reflector co-located with a remote target the range of which is to be determined. The source, beam-splitter and retro-reflectors are arranged in the form of Michelson interferometer together with a detector. The repetition rate of the source is tuned to frequencies f such that round-trip distance to the remote target is mc/f where m is an integer, this condition being detected by observing a heterodyne signal at the detector. Two such frequencies enable range to be determined. The precision with which range is determined may be increased by carrying out interferometry using the two portions. The accuracy of the method does not depend on absolute range (as with triangulation) and is not limited by the speed of timing electronics, as is the case for time-of-flight techniques.
US08451423B2
A lithographic apparatus of the immersion type is disclosed. In the apparatus, a plurality of heating and/or cooling devices are provided in the vicinity of the final element of the projection system, e.g. in a barrier member of a liquid handling system. The heating and/or cooling devices can be used, for example, to control temperature gradients in the final element of the projection system to control aberrations therein.
US08451416B2
An LCD panel including a first substrate, multiple horizontal and vertical conductive lines, support pads to form first protrusions, a second substrate, a main spacer, a compensation spacer, and a liquid crystal layer is provided. The main spacer and the compensation spacer are in sliding contact with the first protrusions in the horizontal or vertical direction in a plane of the LCD panel, and the compensation spacer is disposed around the main spacer and corresponding first protrusions are next to the compensation spacer. In the horizontal or vertical direction, the main spacer is partially contacted with the first protrusion to obtain a reduced contacting area, and the compensation spacer is partially contacted with the adjacent first protrusion to obtain an increased contacting area. The reduced contacting area between the main spacer and the first protrusion is equal to the increased contacting area between the compensation spacer and the first protrusion.
US08451411B2
A first slit pattern is formed in a display substrate and a display panel of vertical alignment mode having the display substrate. The first slit pattern includes slits, a pair of projections and a pair of notches. A divergence point where the slits meet each other and an incision portion of the slits have the same function as the pair of projections in the generation of a singular point of liquid crystal. A contact hole exposing a part of an output electrode of a switching element is formed at a protective layer of an array substrate. A step recess is formed at a protective layer corresponding to a storage electrode, a divergence point of the slits is arranged to correspond to the storage electrode. The singular point of the liquid crystal is induced to occur at a regular position, and thus afterimages and spots can be prevented.
US08451405B2
A display and methods of driving the display, where the display includes a plurality of pixels, where some colors are present in every pixel, and some colors are only present in less than all of the pixels.
US08451399B2
A liquid crystal display device includes: a resin frame including a storing space formed of a hole which passes through a first surface and a second surface; a light guide plate disposed in the storing space; and a liquid crystal display panel which is fixed on the first surface of the resin frame so as to overlap the light guide plate. The hole of the resin frame is formed of an inner peripheral surface, which is inclined, so that an opening of the second surface is smaller than an opening of the first surface. The light guide plate includes an outer peripheral surface, which is inclined, and is disposed in the storing space in a manner that the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface are opposed to each other.
US08451398B2
A light source device with high use efficiency is provided. By using a laser light source of a single polarization, uniformization of light quantity and uniformization of polarization are simultaneously realized, in a two-dimensional planar illumination utilizing reflection and collimating. Thus, it is possible to realize the two-dimensional planar illumination with polarization aligned, and therefore the use efficiency of light can be significantly improved, when combined with switching utilizing the polarization of a liquid crystal panel, etc.
US08451389B2
An image processor that corrects image signals corresponding to sub-pixels which form one pixel includes: a shift amount storage section that stores shift amounts of display positions of display sub-pixels corresponding to the sub-pixels which form a display pixel with respect to a predetermined reference position within a display image; and an image signal correcting section that corrects image signals corresponding to sub-pixels, which form each pixel of an input image, on the basis of the shift amounts stored in the shift amount storage section. The image signal correcting section corrects image signals in which dummy image signals corresponding to dummy sub-pixels, which are provided outside sub-pixels in an endmost portion of the input image, are added to input image signals of the sub-pixels.
US08451386B2
The invention discloses a digital IF demodulator for processing a digital IF signal converted from a radio frequency (RF) signal, including an NCO, a down conversion circuit, a PIF carrier recovery circuit and a video baseband demodulator. The NCO outputs a sine value and a cosine value. The down conversion circuit outputs a first zero IF signal including a first real part signal and a first imaginary part signal, according to the digital IF signal, the sine value and the cosine value. The PIF carrier recovery circuit outputs a loop error signal for the NCO and a second zero IF signal, according to the first zero IF signal and a video synchronization signal. The video baseband demodulator generates a composite video signal according to the second zero IF signal.
US08451383B2
An image display device includes: an image projecting unit for externally performing enlargement projection of a main-image signal; a basic-property selecting unit for selecting a predetermined basic-gamma property from multiple basic-gamma properties of the main-image signal; a correction-property selecting unit for selecting a predetermined correction-gamma property from multiple correction-gamma properties of the main-image signal; a gamma-property calculating unit for calculating a gamma property for each signal level of the main-image signal based on the selected basic-gamma and correction-gamma properties; a gamma correcting unit for subjecting the main-image signal to gamma correction based on the calculated gamma property; an operating unit for outputting a first signal corresponding to a user's basic-gamma-property selection operation, and a second signal corresponding to a user's correction-gamma-property selection operation; and a control unit for controlling each of the selection operations of the predetermined basic-gamma and correction-gamma properties based on the first and second signals.
US08451365B2
An image control apparatus which controls a search screen for searching a related image, comprises: an attribute display section setting a reference image and causing to display a specific condition in each of the attributes of the reference image; a related image display section causing to display the related image which has been searched by an image search section according to the specific attribute condition selected from among the displayed specific conditions; a search screen display section causing to display the search screen including at least the reference image, the specific condition in each of the attributes of the reference image, and the searched related image; and a change screen display section causing to display a change screen for changing the specific attribute condition to be used for the search to a condition except the specific condition in each of the attributes related to the reference image.
US08451362B2
An image sensor includes a conductive well in a semiconductor substrate, a photo sensitive device (PSD) in the semiconductor substrate below the conductive well, the PSD and conductive well overlapping each other, and a charge transmission unit in the semiconductor substrate and adjacent to the conductive well, the charge transmission unit having a structure of a recessed gate and being positioned in a recess region of the semiconductor substrate.
US08451361B2
An image pickup device is provided, capable of complete correction with data of once analog-to-digital conversion, and prevention of excess use of switches and analog devices and/or erroneous correction, including: an image sensor having a plurality of analog-to-digital converters determining conversion results from a digital signal of higher order bit through separate steps of two or more times; a first correction unit which has a correction factor for correcting nonlinear errors of the plurality of analog-to-digital converters so as to adapt to the analog-to-digital converters and corrects a nonlinear error of a digital signal output from respective analog-to-digital converters based on a correction factor corresponding to respective analog-to-digital converters, characterized in that the first correction unit corrects the nonlinear errors after converting the digital signals from the plurality of analog-to-digital converters into a serial output.
US08451357B2
According to one embodiment, a solid-state imaging sensor includes an imaging area, a vertical selector circuit, a pulse selector circuit and a timing generator circuit. The vertical selector circuit is provided with one row address comparator circuit corresponding to each of pixel rows. The row address comparator circuit is supplied with a row address in time division within one horizontal scanning interval with respect to the imaging area. Based on the comparison result of the row address comparator circuit, the vertical selector circuit outputs an electronic shutter row select signal and a read row select signal for setting an electronic shutter state and a read state of the corresponding pixel row.
US08451353B1
Single-chip, multiple-linear-array MEMS form the basis for high-resolution, high-frame-rate video displays.
US08451346B2
Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, are described for rendering a mosaic from digital images using information about location and orientation of an image capturing device, and further about optics settings for the image capturing device when the digital images were captured. In one aspect, methods include generating respective virtual image sheets for frames captured from different camera locations and different camera orientations. Generating the virtual image sheets includes projecting texture maps of the captured frames over wire frames corresponding to optics settings of the camera. The methods further include positioning the generated virtual image sheets at locations and orientations within a viewing space that correspond to the different camera locations and the different orientations. The methods also include rendering the positioned virtual image sheets into a mosaic viewed from a reference point of the viewing space.
US08451345B2
Line integration unit 31 performs integration on digital image signals of a horizontal line. Sampling unit 32 samples, as a second line integral, a first line integral relating to each of at least one but not all of horizontal lines constituting one frame. Memory 33 stores acquired second line integrals corresponding to a plurality of frames. Inter-screen DFT unit 34 performs discrete Fourier transform on a second line integral sequence composed of a second line integral most recently sampled by the sampling unit 32b and the second line integrals stored in the memory 33. Flicker extraction unit 35 extracts information of flicker component based on a result of the discrete Fourier transform. Flicker coefficient calculation unit 36 calculates a flicker coefficient based on the information. Correction operation unit 37 performs operation of reducing the flicker component on the image signals based on the flicker coefficient.
US08451342B2
In one embodiment, the counter circuit is associated with a pixel array and includes a plurality of counting circuits. Each counting circuit is configured to receive an associated input signal, and each input signal is associated with a different column of the pixel array. A first of the plurality of counting circuits is configured to count based on the associated input signal. Each subsequent counting circuit in the plurality of counting circuits is configured to count based on a difference between the associated input signal and the input signal associated with a preceding counting circuit.
US08451341B2
An image capture device includes: a digital processing unit that performs predetermined processing on pixel data containing first, second, and third digital signals obtained from pixel units having a valid pixel area for generating the first digital signals through photoelectrical conversion of incident image light, an optical black pixel area for generating the second digital signals, and a dummy pixel area for generating the third digital signals; an adding unit that adds the second-and-third-digital-signal-containing pixel data or the third-digital-signal-containing pixel data a predetermined number of times; a dividing unit that divides the added pixel data by the predetermined number of times, to determine an average value of levels of the digital signals; a delay unit that delays output of the first-to-third-digital-signal-containing pixel data by a predetermined amount of time; and a multiplexer that selects and outputs the first-to-third-digital-signal-containing pixel data or pixel data having the average value.
US08451338B2
Object motion during camera exposure often leads to noticeable blurring artifacts. Proper elimination of this blur is challenging because the blur kernel is unknown, varies over the image as a function of object velocity, and destroys high frequencies. In the case of motions along a 1D direction (e.g. horizontal), applicants show that these challenges can be addressed using a camera that moves during the exposure. Through the analysis of motion blur as space-time integration, applicants show that a parabolic integration (corresponding to constant sensor acceleration) leads to motion blur that is not only invariant to object velocity, but preserves image frequency content nearly optimally. That is, static objects are degraded relative to their image from a static camera, but all moving objects within a given range of motions reconstruct well. A single deconvolution kernel can be used to remove blur and create sharp images of scenes with objects moving at different speeds, without requiring any segmentation and without knowledge of the object speeds.
US08451337B2
An image stabilization control circuit controls an optical element driving element that moves an optical element provided in an imaging apparatus based on an output signal of a vibration detection element provided in the imaging apparatus. The image stabilization control circuit includes a high-pass filter that removes a low-frequency component from an output signal of the vibration detection element. A movement amount calculation circuit calculates a movement amount of the imaging apparatus based on an output signal of the high-pass filter. A servo circuit generates a correction signal for correcting the position of the optical element based on an output signal of the movement amount calculation circuit and outputs the correction signal to the optical element driving element. The movement amount calculation circuit includes a digital filter circuit and a register. The digital filter circuit performs filter processing based on a filter coefficient stored in the register.
US08451333B2
Video capture systems, methods and computer program products can be provided and configured to capture video sequences of one or more subjects during an activity. The video capture system can be configured to include a communications module that is provided to receive a set of successive frames of video image data of a defined coverage area in an activity location and to receive tracking information indicating a position of the subject in the activity location. A content selection module can be further provided to determine a location of the subject in the defined coverage area based on the tracking information to thereby determine a subset of the image data in one or more received frames, or in a set of frames, of video image data that contains image data of the subject.
US08451332B2
An interior rearview mirror assembly includes a mirror casing, a reflective element and a mounting assembly for adjustably mounting the mirror assembly at an interior portion of a vehicle. The mounting assembly has a mounting base and a mounting arm adjustably mounted to the mounting base via a base joint. The reflective element is pivotally adjustable relative to the mounting arm via a mirror pivot joint. The base joint allows for adjustment of the mounting arm in generally a single plane and about a generally horizontal pivot axis when the mirror assembly is normally mounted in the vehicle, with the base joint limiting adjustment of the mounting arm about non-generally horizontal pivot axes. The mirror pivot joint allows for pivotal adjustment of a rearward field of view of the reflective element by a driver of the vehicle when the mirror assembly is normally mounted in the vehicle.
US08451331B2
A motor vehicle monitoring system comprises controller 100, processor 110, memory 120, wireless transceiver 200, audio recording device 300, video recording device 400, information storage device 500, vehicle tracking device 600, video display device 700, and stimulus sensing device 800.
US08451329B2
A system and method for PTZ presets control analytic configuration in one aspect provides a camera that includes PTZ preset information and analytics configuration information to allow local, that is, within the camera, processing at each preset position. In one embodiment, the information is set-up or configured using, for example, a PC, PDA (personal digital assistant), or the like, etc., which may be remotely or locally connected to a camera. In one aspect, if a PTZ camera is being operated manually and is moved to a particular position, the PTZ automatically moves to the nearest preset position and operates under the conditions of the associated analytics configuration.
US08451322B2
According to one embodiment, an apparatus for determining the gradients of the surface normals of an object includes a receiving unit, establishing unit, determining unit, and selecting unit. The receiving unit is configured to receive data of three 2D images of the object, wherein each image is taken under illumination from a different direction. The establishing unit is configured to establish which pixels of the image are in shadow such that there is only data available from two images from these pixels. The determining unit is configured to determine a range of possible solutions for the gradient of the surface normal of a shadowed pixel using the data available for the two images. The selecting unit is configured to select a solution for the gradient using the integrability of the gradient field over an area of the object as a constraint and minimizing a cost function.
US08451316B2
A videoconference environment includes a back wall and a video camera facing toward the back wall. The video camera is set to have a field-of-view that includes a portion of the back wall while excluding a peripheral edge of the back wall.
US08451307B2
A pre-deflector optical system includes an isolator arranged on an optical path of a light beam from a light source. The isolator has a first surface with different light transmittances depending on a polarization state of an incident light beam on a first side close to the light source and a second surface imparting an optical phase difference of a ¼ wavelength to the incident light beam on a second side. A deflector deflects the light beam passed through the pre-deflector optical system. A rotation mechanism rotates the isolator around its optical axis. A holding member holds the light source and the isolator in a predetermined positional relationship.
US08451304B2
According to one embodiment, an erasing apparatus includes: a recording medium sorting apparatus including a first conveyance guide having a curvature radius smaller than curvature radiuses of all curved surfaces present in a downstream direction in a recording medium conveying path, a second conveyance guide forming the recording medium conveying path in conjunction with the first conveyance guide and set to be capable of opening and closing the recording medium conveying path, and a displacing device configured to open and close the second conveyance guide; and a control unit. If the control unit determines that a jam occurs in the recording medium sorting apparatus, the control unit opens the second conveyance guide to collect a recording medium that causes the jam.
US08451300B2
A backlight modulation system includes a light source module, an image mapping unit, a histogram analysis unit, a backlight dimming unit, and an image reconstruction unit. An active display area of a panel is divided into multiple illumination areas. The image mapping unit performs an RGB-to-YUV transformation to acquire an original brightness factor for each pixel. The histogram analysis unit sums up the amount of pixels reaching a preset ratio in each illumination area to acquire reference brightness for each illumination area. The backlight dimming unit calculates out a dimming ratio and a reset brightness model according to the reference brightness. The image reconstruction unit resets original brightness factor of each pixel into an output brightness factor according to the reset brightness model, and outputs an image for an illumination area according to the output brightness factor and input image data.
US08451292B2
A video summarized method based on mining the story structure and semantic relations among concept entities has steps of processing a video to generate multiple important shots that are annotated with respective keywords: Performing a concept expansion process by using the keywords to create expansion trees for the annotated shots; rearranging the keywords of the expansion trees and classifying to calculate relations thereof; applying a graph entropy algorithm to determine significant shots and edges interconnected with the shots. Based on the determined result of the graph entropy algorithm, a structured relational graph is built to display the significant shots and edges thereof. Consequently, users can more rapidly browse the content of a video and comprehend if different shots are related.
US08451288B2
The present invention relates to an image signal processing apparatus capable of reproducing the appearance of an image that is displayed on a PDP. In an image processing unit 1, as a process for an image signal so that an image obtained when the image signal is displayed on a display apparatus of a display type other than that of a PDP can look like an image displayed on a PDP display apparatus, at least one of reproducing color shift caused by a moving image which is produced because lighting of RGB is turned on in this order, reproducing a dither pattern to be applied in a space direction, reproducing a dither pattern to be applied in a time direction, reproducing a space between pixel pitches, and reproducing a stripe array is performed. The present invention can be applied to a case where, for example, an image that can look like an image displayed on a PDP is to be displayed on an LCD.
US08451283B2
A system comprises a memory storing data at addresses associated with pixels in images, each address being linked by a function to coordinates of a pixel in an ordered image reference frame, a device for processing the data associated with the pixels, where a pixel being processed is referenced by an associated vector relative to a reference pixel, and an interface device providing data to the processing device. A data request indicates a vector associated with a pixel being processed. The coordinates of the reference pixel are determined by applying the function to an address associated with the reference pixel. The coordinates of the pixel being processed are obtained based on the coordinates of the reference pixel and the vector. Then the address of the data associated with the pixel being processed is determined by applying the inverse function of the function to the coordinates of the pixel being processed.
US08451275B2
A method of simplifying the programming of animation of vector graphics for the graphic user interface of, for example, a SCADA system. The programming method allows the programmer to input unique yet simple instruction codes instead of inputting multiple lines of logic script to animate vector graphic objects and texts. An animation engine is used to interpret the simple instruction codes and instruct the browser to perform the necessary animation on the selected vector graphic objects.
US08451270B2
An approach for implementing an approximation of a radiosity solver that may be run entirely in the graphics processing unit of a video game console is provided. A set of raw triangles is partitioned into a collection of roughly planar transfer patches. For each patch, a projection on to the direct product is defined and mapped into the radiosity UV space. A transfer bundle set is constructed by sorting visible patches by flux contribution and storing a predetermined number of the greatest contributors in a texture. At runtime, real-time global illumination is implemented by rendering direct lighting into a texture of the same resolution as the transfer bundle set. The lighting is successively propagated in a number of passes using the transfer bundles. Each pass constitutes a single “bounce” and the per-bundle contribution of the first bounce is extracted and used for an indirect specular and diffuse bump-mapping response.
US08451258B2
Disclosed herein is a display apparatus, including: a plurality of subpixels disposed adjacent each other and forming one pixel which forms a unit for formation of a color image; the plurality of subpixels including a first subpixel which emits light of the shortest wavelength and a second subpixel disposed adjacent the first subpixel; the second subpixel having a light blocking member disposed between the second subpixel and the first subpixel and having a width greater than a channel length or a channel width of a transistor which forms the second subpixel.
US08451249B2
A touch sensitive active matrix display device is provided. The device includes a display fabricated on a first flexible substrate, said display having a viewing surface. The device further includes a touch sensitive sensor including a second flexible substrate, under said display. The touch sensor is operated by touching said viewing surface of said display, and said combined display and touch sensitive sensor is flexible.
US08451242B2
An input/output device is disclosed that includes an input-sensitive display screen and alphanumeric keys for entering characters. The input-sensitive display screen may be positioned proximate the alphanumeric keys and be capable of displaying graphical information and sensing user selection of the graphical information. The input-sensitive display screen may include a combination display/input region and a non-display input region. The touch sensitive display screen may be detachable from the alphanumeric region and may be operable in a detached configuration. The input/output device may usable with a method of input correction. The method may include displaying, on a secondary display, a first text unit, such as a character or a word, which corresponds with a second text unit shown on a primary display screen of a computing device. The method further involves receiving user selection of the first text unit and replacing the first text unit with a second text unit.
US08451234B2
A touch panel includes plural first electrodes extending in a first direction, plural second electrodes extending in a second direction different from the first direction, a driving circuit, a detection circuit, and a coordinate-position calculating circuit. The driving circuit sequentially selects two first electrodes out of the plural first electrodes, supplies a high potential voltage higher than a reference voltage to one of the selected two first electrodes, and supplies the reference voltage to the other, the detection circuit detects a capacitance difference (A−B) between a capacitor A between a selected one of the second electrodes and the first electrode to which the high potential voltage is supplied and a capacitor B between the selected second electrode and the first electrode to which the reference voltage is supplied, and the coordinate-position calculating circuit calculates a touch position on the touch panel touched by the observer on the basis of positions of the selected first and second electrodes and the capacitance difference (A−B).
US08451231B2
Disclosed herein is a touch screen panel, a method of manufacturing the touch screen panel, and a display having the touch screen panel. Ultrasonic excitation and detection transducers are attached to the front surface of the image display unit of a display, thereby implementing the touch screen panel. The substrate of the display, that is, the upper surface of the image display unit is used as a surface acoustic wave propagation medium, so that it is not required to manufacture the touch screen panel in a separate substrate and to attach the substrate, in which the touch screen panel is manufactured, to the image display unit of the display, thereby not only preventing degradation of image quality but also not increasing the thickness and size thereof.
US08451230B2
An electronic device may remotely control a medical device. The electronic device may include a wireless communication circuit configured to wirelessly communicate with the medical device, and a processor that receives from the medical device via the wireless communication circuit screen data generated by the medical device for display on a display device thereof and to control a display device of the electronic device according to the received screen data to display on the electronic device display the screen data generated by the medical device, to emulate at least some of a plurality of user keys of the medical device with selected ones of a plurality of user buttons of the electronic device, and to control the display device of the electronic device to display a map that relates emulated ones of the plurality of user keys to selected ones of the user buttons.
US08451222B2
A personal computer and a telephony device are integrated using an input director and an input receiver. The input director is configured to receive an instruction from a user interface device, the instruction corresponding to a function of the telephony device. The input receiver is configured to receive the instruction from the input director and control the telephony device based on the instruction.
US08451212B2
An image display device using the area control method for eliminating irregularities as seen from the side and also capable of lowering power consumption. The degree of flatness indicating the image flatness of an image in each image area is calculated, and in areas that are flat the light source luminance is set high in order to lessen irregularities as seen from the side; and in areas that are not flat the irregularities are difficult to perceive as seen from the side so an effect that cuts power consumption is obtained without having to correct the light source luminance.
US08451209B2
A liquid crystal display device in which a frame of the image signal to be displayed is written into a liquid crystal display panel while a backlight is activated intermittently within one frame period so as to prevent blur injury arising when displaying motion pictures includes: sections and for variably controlling the illumination duration of the backlight based on the detected type of the image content to be displayed. This configuration makes it possible to appropriately control the image quality degradation caused by blur injury, stroboscopic effect and flickering, hence realize total image quality improvement.
US08451205B2
In one embodiment of the present invention, a gate driver creates a dummy insertion period in which the driver does not apply a gate on pulse to a scanning signal line immediately after the time of the inversion of a data signal. When a period from the time of the application of the gate on pulse to an odd numbered or even numbered scanning signal line to which the gate on pulse is applied previously to the time of the application of the gate on pulse to an even numbered or odd numbered scanning signal line to which the gate on pulse is applied later is set as an adjacent line writing time lag period for two scanning signal lines adjacent to each other, a CS control circuit allows the polarity of every CS signal to be reversed on the same cycle at least in the adjacent line writing time lag period. This makes it possible to provide a liquid crystal display device capable of offering high quality display in which unevenness in the display is suppressed without being affected by the blunt waveform of the data signal and the blunt waveform of a retention volume signal at the time of the inversion.
US08451204B2
In a liquid crystal display device performing multi-picture element driving, gate OFF timing of a switching element connected between each sub picture element and a signal line is matched with phase timing when all the subsidiary capacity wires are at the same potential. This prevents the occurrence of uneven luminance appearing in a lateral streak.
US08451201B2
The method of driving a liquid crystal display in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention is a method of driving a liquid crystal display whereby a first liquid crystal panels produces a display from a first display signal and the second liquid crystal panel produces a display a second display signal derived from the first display signal, the first and second liquid crystal panels being stacked on top of each other. The luminance of the first liquid crystal panel is extended based on the luminance extension ratio obtained from the gray levels for dots contained in the first display signal and a logical maximum gray level of input image data. The luminance of the second liquid crystal panel which produces a display from the second display signal is lowered by the amount by which luminance is extended on the first liquid crystal panel. A liquid crystal display with high display quality is realized by restraining decrease in saturation which would otherwise become obtrusive when two liquid crystal panels are stacked.
US08451195B2
Scanning beam display systems using fluorescent screens and various servo feedback control mechanisms to control display imaging qualities.
US08451189B1
This disclosure demonstrates a new class of Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) AMC with very large fractional bandwidth (>100%) even at lower frequencies (<1 GHz). This new UWB AMC is enabled by recognizing that any AMC must be an antenna in order to accept the incident radiation into the circuit. Therefore, by using UWB antenna design features, one can make wide band AMCs. Additionally, by manipulation of the UWB AMC element design, a 1/frequency dependence can be obtained for instantiating the benefits of a quarter wave reflection over a large UWB bandwidth with a single physical thickness.
US08451186B2
A system and method for providing overvoltage and overcurrent protection. The present teachings provide a method for protecting a component including the steps of: 1) connecting a first terminal of a normally open micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) switch to a source of an input signal with respect to the component; 2) connecting a second terminal of the switch to an input to the component; and 3) connecting a third terminal of the switch to a source of control potential to activate the switch on the application of power thereto. In a most general embodiment, the invention provides an arrangement for protecting a component comprising a MEMS switch having a first terminal coupled to a source of an input signal; a second terminal coupled to said component; and a third terminal adapted to activate the switch on the application of control power thereto. In the best mode, the switch is normally open, the first terminal is a drain terminal, and the second terminal is coupled to a source of ground potential. In an illustrative application, the invention is used in an antenna having an array of antenna elements and a MEMS switch coupled to at least one of the elements to provide over-voltage and/or over-current protection. In the best mode, a separate MEMS switch is coupled to each element in the array in a normally open configuration via the drain terminal thereof.
US08451184B2
The present invention provides an antenna coil which can be made smaller and intends to improve a receiving sensitivity in consideration of all directions.According to one embodiment of the present invention, an antenna coil including: a first coil 4 having an X-axis coil wound on an X axis of a first core and a Z-axis coil wound on a Z axis of the first core, the thickness direction of the first core being determined to be the Z-axis, an axis orthogonal to the Z axis being determined to be the X axis; a second coil 5 having a Y-axis coil wound around a second core, the second core having flanges at both ends; four external terminals 3 each connected to a corresponding end of the X-axis coil or the Z-axis coil and additionally provided on the first core; and two external terminals 3 each connected to a corresponding end of the Y-axis coil and additionally provided on the second core. The first coil 4 and the second coil 5 are arranged to be close to each other so that winding axis directions of the X-axis coil, the Y-axis coil, and the Z-axis coil are orthogonal to each other. The first coil 4 and the second coil 5 are integrally molded using an exterior resin 2, leaving part of each of the external terminals to be connected to an external circuit.
US08451183B2
Techniques and apparatus based on metamaterial structures to achieve tunable operations of an antenna at different antenna frequencies.
US08451182B2
A vehicle pane exhibits a heating conductor field with at least one heating conductor and at least one antenna, wherein the at least one antenna is mounted on an area of the vehicle pane that is free with respect to the heating conductor field and wherein the heating conductor field has the basic shape of an essentially angular sector. The vehicle pane can also have bus bars for supplying power to at least one heating conductor, the bus bars being arranged on a common edge of the vehicle pane.
US08451181B2
A method is provided for estimating the focusing quality of a signal pre-equalized by time reversal of an estimated propagation channel between a source antenna of a source communicating entity and a destination antenna of a destination communicating entity, the method comprising a step of evaluating a focusing quality of the signal received at the destination antenna relative to a value at a focal point of a representation of a curve of received power as a function of a distance between the destination antenna and the focal point.
US08451178B2
There is provided an antenna small in its size but capable of achieving sufficient gain. The antenna comprises antenna elements connected to a power source. The antenna elements comprise upstanding vertical sections connected to the power source and horizontal sections substantially parallel with a ground pattern and having one end thereof connected to an end portion of the vertical sections. The antenna elements further comprise short stubs provided away from the vertical sections toward the other end of the horizontal sections and connected to the ground pattern, and open-ended open stubs provided away from the short stubs toward the other end of the horizontal sections and extending from the horizontal sections toward the ground pattern. The antenna elements are made of a metal foil and are provided on an antenna board.
US08451177B2
A wideband antenna for a radio transceiver device includes a first radiating element for transmitting and receiving wireless signals of a first frequency band, a second radiating element for transmitting and receiving wireless signals of a second frequency band, a grounding unit, a connection strip having one end coupled to the first radiating element and the second radiating element, and another end coupled to the grounding unit, and a feeding terminal coupled to the connection strip for transmitting wireless signals of the first frequency band and the second frequency band. The second frequency band is lower than the second frequency band, and the connection strip includes a structure extending toward the first radiating element.
US08451176B2
A system includes a wireless radio board, an antenna, and a ground pattern having a radio board ground and an antenna ground. At least a portion of the radio board ground and at least a portion of the antenna ground overlap. The radio board ground could include a first portion in a first layer of the ground pattern and a second portion in a second layer of the ground pattern, and the antenna ground could include a first portion in the first layer of the ground pattern. The antenna ground could further include a second portion in the second layer of the ground pattern. The radio board and antenna grounds could be separated by a minimum distance, such as 0.5 mm or 3.0 mm.
US08451173B2
A method for estimating a target direction of a wideband signal received on an electronically steered array includes: applying convolutional or stretch processing to spatial frequency data of the wideband signal; initializing a stabilization direction to a beam pointing direction; stabilizing the spatial frequency data to the stabilization direction; compressing the spatial frequency data to a plurality of frequency range or time bins; selecting range or time bins and forming a covariance matrix; calculating an estimated target direction using the covariance matrix; determining if a stabilization direction accuracy condition is met; recalculating the stabilization direction based on the estimated target direction if the stabilization direction accuracy condition is not met; and iteratively repeating until the stabilization direction accuracy condition is met.
US08451172B2
A beam-forming network having: a plurality (NI) of input signal ports (IP); a plurality (NO) of output signal ports (OP); a weighting and interconnecting network (WIN) comprising a plurality of signal dividers (SD), phase and amplitude weighting elements (WE), switches (SW1, SW2) and signal combiners (SC), for associating each input port to output ports through respective weighting units; wherein either input (IP) or output (OP) ports, or both, are partitioned into disjoint equivalence classes (IEC, OEC), at least a majority of said equivalence classes having more than one port; and in that the network is either configured in order to associate each input port to at most one output port for each output equivalence class, or to associate each output port to at most one input port for each input equivalence class, or both. Also provide is a multibeam antenna comprising having such a beam-forming network, and an electronic circuit for implementing such a beam-forming network.
US08451170B2
A device for determining a position of a satellite receiver on the basis of data packets that are received from the satellite receiver, include a satellite signal, and are provided with packet sequence marks includes a packet loss detector for detecting, while using the packet sequence marks, whether one or more data packets between two received data packets have been lost, and a data packet processor configured to replace the one or more lost packets by one or more fill-in packets so as to generate a data stream as a sequence of the received data packets and of the fill-in packets inserted in place of the lost data packets. The device further includes a correlator configured to correlate the data stream with a reference data sequence to obtain a correlation result, and a position determiner configured to determine the position of the satellite receiver by means of the correlation result.
US08451163B2
According to one embodiment, a weather radar apparatus includes an antenna unit, a drive unit, an adjustment unit, and a control unit. The antenna unit is configured to transmit radio waves from a plurality of antenna elements, perform beam scan in a direction of elevation angle by phase control, and receive waves reflected by a weather target. The drive unit is configured to drive an elevation angle and an azimuth angle of an aperture plane of the antenna unit. The adjustment unit is configured to adjust an observation range and an observation elevation angle by the antenna unit and the drive unit in accordance with a plurality of observation modes. The control unit is configured to set the observation mode based on a received signal of the reflected waves.
US08451161B2
A circuit for an N-bit stage (110i) of a pipeline ADC having L=2N levels, the circuit comprising: an operational amplifier (420); a first feedback capacitor (Cf1) having a first plate connected to an input of the operational amplifier and a second plate switchably connected on a first clock signal (φ1) to a first input voltage (±Vm) and on a second clock signal (φ2) to an output of the operational amplifier; a second feedback capacitor (Cf2) having a first plate connected to the input of the operational amplifier and a second plate switchably connected on the first clock signal to a discharge connection and on the second clock signal (φ2) to an output of the operational amplifier; and a plurality of K sampling capacitors (Cu), each sampling capacitor having a first plate connected on the first clock signal to the input of the operational amplifier and a second plate switchably connected on the first clock signal to a second input voltage (Vin) and on the second clock signal to one of a positive and negative reference voltage (+Vref, −Vref) dependent on a quantized value of an analog input signal (Vm).
US08451152B2
An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is provided. The ADC includes a plurality of pipelined ADCs and an adjustment circuit. Each pipelined ADC is adapted to receive an analog input signal, has an adjustable transfer function, and includes a compensator. The adjustment circuit is coupled to each pipelined ADC to be able to adjust the transfer function for each pipelined ADC so as to generally eliminate an estimation ambiguity. Additionally, the adjustment circuit estimates an inter-stage error that includes at least one of an inter-stage gain error and a DAC gain error and adjusts the compensator for each pipelined ADC to compensate for the inter-stage error.
US08451149B2
An RF divider directly synthesizes a desired RF as a digital pattern that can be programmed and output at a VCO frequency. An exemplary RF divider comprises a pre-sequencer and a parallel-to-serial converter. The pre-sequencer successively outputs consecutive M-bit sections of a parallel word, where the parallel word comprises one or more copies of a frequency dividing bit pattern defining a frequency divisor. The parallel-to-serial converter performs a parallel-to-serial conversion on the M-bit sections of the parallel word based on the fixed radio frequency to generate an output signal having the desired radio frequency, where the output signal comprises a serial bit stream of the parallel word.
US08451146B2
A method for manufacturing keycap includes applying a first coating layer on a surface of a keycap layer, applying a second coating layer on top of the first coating layer, etching at least a portion of the first coating layer to a first depth to form a first etched area, and etching at least a portion of the first etched area to a second depth to form a second etched area.
US08451137B2
A downhole tool system includes a first downhole tool and a second downhole tool. The first downhole tool includes a first controller operable to receive an actuation signal including a tone. The first controller actuates the first downhole tool if the tone is a first specified frequency and changes the first downhole tool to communicate the actuation signal to the second downhole tool if first downhole tool is not actuated in response to the actuation signal. A second downhole tool includes a second controller operable to receive the actuation signal. The second controller actuates the second downhole tool if the tone is a second specified frequency. The second frequency is different from the first frequency.
US08451120B2
A system is described for relative positioning of access points in a real time locating system. The system may include a memory, interface, and processor. The memory may store layout information for a work area which includes architectural and infrastructure attributes. The processor may determine a number of access points to position in the work area based on the architectural attributes. The processor may determine a placement of a test tag in the work area based on the infrastructure attributes. The processor may determine a positioning of the access points in the work area which substantially maximizes coverage and accuracy of locating the test tag in the work area. The processor may determine a repositioning of one of the access points when the coverage and accuracy do not satisfy a threshold. The processor may provide a graphical representation of the positioning of the access points, when the threshold is satisfied.
US08451112B2
A method and apparatus generating a departure alert for an event based on a current location. The method may comprises: obtaining scheduling data associated with a first event, wherein the first event scheduling data includes a first event time value and a first event location value, obtaining a device location value, obtaining a current time value, determining if the first event location value and the device location value differ by more than a event location threshold, upon a determination that the first event location value and the device location value differ by more than the event location threshold, estimating a first travel time value from the device location and the first event location, generating a departure time value by comparing the first event time value and the estimated first travel time value, and generating a departure alert by comparing the departure time value and the current time value.
US08451106B2
A method for identifying the position of a stolen vehicle is provided that includes the steps of detecting the start of an engine of the vehicle, retrieving vehicle identification information, establishing a connection to an external database of stolen vehicles, transmitting the retrieved vehicle identification information via a wireless communication system to the database and verifying whether the identified vehicle is in the database of stolen vehicles. If the identified vehicle is in the list of stolen vehicles, the position of the vehicle is then determined.
US08451105B2
A security and driver identification system for use within the commercial transportation industry and which can be applied to private vehicles. The central component of the system is a telecommunications mobile terminal located within the vehicle with primary capability being to positively identify driver and vehicle to facilitate transceiver wireless communications between vehicle and authorized personnel. The telecommunications mobile terminal is preprogrammed with wireless network number, and is accessible and security procedure implemented by biocell phone communication from authorized driver.
US08451102B2
Methods, devices, and computer program products for providing ambient noise sensitive alerting. The methods comprise receiving ambient noise, converting the ambient noise to an electrical signal, detecting a parameter of the electrical signal which is indicative of ambient noise, sensing an incoming call or message, and controlling the volume of an audible alert in response to the detected parameter of the electrical signal.
US08451099B2
A method for duplicating electronic keys with mutual authentication includes: applying temporarily, to an original electronic key, an inductive reader for signals exchanged between the key transponder and the vehicle immobilizer control unit; activating the vehicle instrument panel at least twice with the original key to cause the inductive reader to acquire the RDN1, RDN2, SIG1 and SIG2 codes transmitted by the control unit; connecting the inductive reader to a transponder reader/writer to transfer all acquired data; determining the non-readable SK code of the immobilizer control unit via the reader/writer by using a function inverse to that creating the SIG code from the ID, RND, SK codes and the acquired data; reading from the original key, via the reader/writer, using the non-readable SK code, any other data memorized therein, reading the ID code from the original key, via the reader/writer; and memorizing in a new key all the read data.
US08451093B2
An improved RFID Tag, Interrogator, and system wherein at least one tag modulates a radio frequency signal by modulated backscatter operations.
US08451088B2
An electronic lock box contains a secure compartment for storing dwelling keys to a structure, and is typically mounted outside the dwelling structure. When properly instructed, usually with a coded message, the dwelling key can be accessed by opening the door to the secure compartment; such message can be manually entered on a keypad, or a programmed electronic key device can make the process more automatic. A lock box system uses a transponder at a dwelling base station (typically within the dwelling structure) to relay lock box status or access event information over a short range radio from the lock box to a remote central computer by using a more traditional communication system that is available within the dwelling. Additional sensors can be used to monitor the status of vandalism attempts. Furthermore, the lock box/transponder communications may be programmed so as to allow detection if the lock box is stolen.
US08451086B2
A system for using a watermark embedded in an audio signal to remotely control a device. Various devices such as toys, computers, and appliances, equipped with an appropriate detector, detect the hidden signals, which can trigger an action, or change a state of the device. The watermarks can be used with a “time gate” device, where detection of the watermark opens a time interval within which a user is allowed to perform an action, such as pressing a button, typing in an answer, turning a key in a lock, etc.
US08451081B2
A coil assembly having a simplified bobbin structure and facilitating connection of a draw-out portion of a wire to a pin terminal. A coil assembly includes first and second pin support portions protruding in a protruding direction from a terminal base. First and second pin terminals protrude in the protruding direction from free end faces of the first and second pin support portions, respectively. The draw-out portion is electrically connected to an associated one of the pin terminals. The second pin support portion provides a protruding length from the terminal base greater than that of the first pin support portion, and the free end face of the second pin support portion is positioned downstream, in the protruding direction, of an imaginary linear draw-out portion directed linearly from the wire engaging portion to the first pin terminal, such that the second pin support portion is positioned and sized to intersect with the imaginary linear draw-out portion.
US08451079B2
An electromagnetic solenoid having an electromagnetic coil, a fixed iron core, a movable iron core, and a spring coil. The spring coil, arranged between the fixed and the movable iron core, supplies a spring force to the movable iron core toward an opposite direction of the fixed iron core along the axial direction. A magnetic attraction surface and a fitting part are formed in at least one of the fixed iron core and the movable iron core. The magnetic attraction surface is contacted with the fixed iron core when the movable iron core reaches the fixed iron core. An outer peripheral surface of the fitting part, apart from the magnetic attraction surface by a predetermined distance along the axial direction, is engaged with the spring coil. The most outer peripheral part of the magnetic attraction surface is positioned inside rather than the most outer peripheral part of the fitting part.
US08451077B2
MEMS switches and methods of manufacturing MEMS switches is provided. The MEMS switch having at least two cantilevered electrodes having ends which overlap and which are structured and operable to contact one another upon an application of a voltage by at least one fixed electrode.
US08451063B2
A circuit having a sensor with a stray capacitance value. An output from the sensor is connected to the input of an amplifier while a negative capacitance circuit is electrically connected in parallel with the sensor output. The negative capacitance circuit reduces the effect of the sensor stray capacitance to provide an increased bandwidth and decreased noise on the amplifier output.
US08451054B2
A radio frequency amplifier amplifies a modulation signal or its phase modulation component and outputs the resultant signal. A linear amplifier adds an output voltage to a power supply voltage supplied to the radio frequency amplifier, amplifies a difference between the output voltage and the amplitude modulation component, and outputs the resultant difference. A control signal generation section detects a direction in which an output current of the linear amplifying section flows and generates a pulse modulation signal according to the direction of the current. A switching amplifying section controls connection and disconnection of a DC current based on the pulse modulation signal as a control signal so as to perform switching amplification for an output signal of the linear amplifying section, add the resultant signal to a predetermined DC voltage, and supply the resultant signal as the power supply voltage to the radio frequency amplifier. The DC current and the predetermined DC voltage are supplied to the switching amplifying section.
US08451053B2
A power combining and outphasing system and related techniques for simultaneously providing both wide-bandwidth linear amplification and high average efficiency is described. Providing linear amplification encompasses the ability to dynamically control an RF output power level over a wide range while still operating over a wide frequency bandwidth. The system and techniques described herein also operate to maintain high efficiency across a wide range of output power levels, such that a high average efficiency can be achieved for highly modulated output waveforms.
US08451049B2
Provided is a power supply switching circuit with a smaller circuit scale. When a detector (11) detects that a voltage (V1) as an input power supply voltage is higher than a detection voltage (VDET), a control circuit (41) operates with a voltage (V4) output from a diode OR circuit (42), supplies a voltage (V2) as an input power supply voltage to a gate of a PMOS transistor (17), supplies a voltage (V3) to a gate of a PMOS transistor (18), and supplies a ground voltage to a gate of a PMOS transistor (19). Then, the PMOS transistors (17 and 18) are turned OFF and the PMOS transistor (19) is turned ON. In this case, the voltage V1 of a first terminal (T1) is output from a third terminal (T3) as the voltage (V3), which is an output power supply voltage.
US08451044B2
A method for controlling a switch based on transistors is disclosed. A switching circuit for switching a signal from an input port to an output port thereof is provided. A shunting circuit for switchably shunting the signal from the input port to ground is also provided. A control signal is generated for biasing a control port of the shunting circuit and an approximately complementary control signal is generated for biasing of the switching circuit to either shunt a signal received at the input port or to switch the signal to the output port. A further bias signal for biasing a port within the switching circuit along the signal path between the input port and the output.
US08451042B2
An apparatus comprising: a first control switch driven by a first bit value; a first weighted switch driven by a first clock signal; a first intermediate node coupled between the first control switch and the second weighted switch; a first precharge transistor coupled to the first intermediate node, wherein the precharge transistor is driven by an inverse of the clock signal; a second control switch driven by an inverse of the bit; a second weighted switch driven by a second clock signal; a second intermediate node coupled between the second control switch and the second weighted switch; a second precharge transistor coupled to the second intermediate node, wherein the second precharge transistor is driven by an inverse of the second clock signal; and a capacitor coupled to the first control switch, the second control switch, the first precharge transistor and the second precharge transistor.
US08451040B2
A flip-flop circuit includes an input portion that receives a first external input signal through a first external input terminal, a storage portion that stores a signal transmitted from the input portion, and an output portion that outputs the signal stored in the storage portion through an external output terminal as a logic operation result with respect to a second external input signal received through a second external input terminal of the input portion. The output portion includes a logic gate directly connected to the external output terminal and an input terminal of the logic gate receives the signal stored in the storage portion.
US08451022B2
An integrated circuit according to the invention includes a reconfigurable circuit including a plurality of computing units interconnected in a reconfigurable manner, and an input data controlling section. The input data controlling section controls input data such that the data is inputted to the reconfigurable circuit in response to a configuration of the reconfigurable circuit.
US08451018B2
A method, system, and program product for identifying at least one bit failure among a plurality of semiconductor chips are provided. A first aspect of the invention provides a method of identifying at least one bit failure signature among a plurality of semiconductor chips, the method comprising: counting failures of each failing bit among the plurality of semiconductor chips; determining a most commonly failing bit (MCFB) among the failing bits; establishing a bit failure signature including the MCFB; counting failures of each failing bit on semiconductor chips on which the MCFB fails; determining a next most commonly failing bit (NMCFB) among the failing bits on semiconductor chips on which the MCFB fails; determining whether the NMCFB tends to fail when the MCFB fails; and in response to a determination that the NMCFB tends to fail when the MCFB fails, adding the NMCFB to the bit failure signature.
US08451014B2
A method to test and package dies so as to increase overall yield is provided. The method includes performing a wafer test on a first die and mounting the first die on a package substrate to form a partial package, if the wafer test of the first die is successful. The method further includes performing a system test on the partial package including the first die and stacking a second die on the first die if the system test on the partial package and the first die is successful.
US08451010B2
A coupon board is cut out together with a printed wiring board from a sheet material in which a solder resist film is formed on a surface of a glass cloth fiber. The coupon board is for evaluating characteristics of the printed wiring board. The coupon board includes a region on which the solder resist film is not formed, and which extends parallel with one side of the printed wiring board.
US08451009B2
A light-emitting circuit includes a light-emitting transistor and a voltage supply in communication with the light-emitting transistor to bias the light-emitting transistor in a reasonably bright state. A reasonably bright state is a state in which light emission approaches the greatest for a given drain-source current in the light-emitting transistor. In one aspect, the light-emitting circuit is in communication with a device under test and configured so that the light-emitting transistor emits photons in a manner indicative of an operation of the device under test. The light-emitting circuit may be disposed in a first semiconductor layer, and the device under test may be disposed in a second semiconductor layer. Further, the first semiconductor layer may be included in a first die, and the second semiconductor layer may be included in a second die.
US08451008B2
A system and method is provided for correcting alignment of a product on a tool and, more particularly, to a system and method for correcting alignment of a wafer on a chuck of a tool. The system is a tool that includes at least one contact near a circumference of the tool and a grounded contact proximate to the at least one contact.
US08451004B2
A multicoil NMR detection and imaging apparatus allows multicoil NMR detection and imaging to be performed efficiently at low operating frequencies. The apparatus comprises an AC voltage generator, a transmit switching circuit, a coil switching network, an array of two or more detection coils, a set of receive switching circuits with one switching circuit for each detection coil, and a set of preamplifier circuits with input impedance substantially greater than the impedance of each respective detection coil at the intended operating frequency. The AC generator produces an alternating current waveform that is routed through one of more detection coils during transmit mode while the preamplifier circuits are isolated from the detection coil(s). During receive mode the AC generator is isolated from the detection coils to prevent noise from the transmitter from degrading the quality of received signals.
US08451003B2
A magnetic sensor having first to fourth magneto-resistive elements, where the first and second magneto-resistive elements are connected at respective ends through a first connecting portion in a central region, and the third and fourth magneto-resistive elements are connected at respective ends through a second connecting portion that is parallel to the first connecting portion. The first and fourth magneto-resistive elements are connected at respective other ends through a third connecting portion, and the second and third magneto-resistive elements are connected at respective other ends through a fourth connecting portion. Depending on an external signal magnetic field, resistance values of the first and third magneto-resistive elements change in a same increasing or decreasing direction, whereas resistance values of the second and fourth magneto-resistive elements change in an increasing or decreasing direction opposite to the direction of the first and third magneto-resistive elements.
US08450999B2
A sensor assembly for sensing a movable object which, in one embodiment, includes a housing defining an interior cavity. A rotor is retained in the cavity. The rotor defines a central bore and a magnet is mounted in an off-center pocket defined by the rotor. The rotor is coupled to the shaft of the movable object whose position is to be measured. A sensor is also retained in the cavity in a relationship at least partially overlying the magnet and adapted to sense at least the direction of the magnetic field generated by the magnet to generate an electrical signal indicative of the position of the movable object. In another embodiment, the rotor and sensor are mounted in separate interior housing cavities separated by an interior housing wall.
US08450997B2
Magnetic tracking systems and methods for determining the position and orientation of a remote object. A magnetic tracking system includes a stationary transmitter for establishing a reference coordinate system, and at least one receiver. The remote object is attached to, mounted on, or otherwise coupled to the receiver. The transmitter can include a set of three mutually perpendicular coils having a common center point, or a set of three coplanar coils with separate centers. The receiver can include a set of three orthogonal coils. The position and orientation of the receiver and the remote object coupled thereto is determined by measuring the nine mutual inductances between the three transmitter coils and the three receiver coils. The magnetic tracking system provides reduced power consumption, increased efficiency, digital compensation for component variation, automatic self-calibration, automatic synchronization with no connections between transmitter and receiver, and rapid low-cost implementation.
US08450996B2
A motion sensor has a magnetic field sensing element for generating a magnetic field signal and a state processor to identify a plurality of states corresponding to ranges of signal values of the magnetic field signal. The state processor includes a state peak logic module configured to generate states that have a reduced amount of state chatter.
US08450994B2
Provided are a voltage application time period measuring circuit which does not require a battery, and a power supply apparatus including the voltage application time period measuring circuit. Each of a voltage application time period memory (32) and a set time period memory (33) is a nonvolatile memory, and hence it is unnecessary to provide a battery for holding information stored in each of the memories in the outside of the voltage application time period measuring circuit (30) and a power supply apparatus cost is reduced correspondingly.
US08450993B2
The present invention relates to a conventional circuit connected with the direct-current (DC) power supply in series through the semiconductor forward voltage drop, for producing voltage drop to lower the output DC voltage, however, if the output current is smaller, the voltage drop produced is not enough, the floating-voltage accordingly rises and damages the load, so a shunting current load is arranged in the circuit to suppress the floating-voltage.
US08450990B2
A method of controlling a regulator includes turning on a first driver during a first cycle for a first time period. A second driver is turned on during the first cycle for a second time period. The first and second drivers are off during the first cycle for a third time period. The first time period is adjusted to become an adjusted first time period for a second cycle based on a ratio and a voltage difference between a peak value of the output voltage and a first voltage during the first cycle. The ratio refers to the first time period over the first time period and the second time period.
US08450987B2
A switching apparatus has a switch and a control signal generator. The control signal generator is configured to generate a control signal applied to the switch to control the operations of turning on and off of the switch. The control signal generator has an inverter and a regulating circuit. The input end of the inverter receives an input signal, and the output end of the inverter outputs the control signal. The regulating circuit has a switching unit and a capacitor. A first end of the switching unit is coupled to the output end of the inverter, a second end of the switching unit is coupled to a first system voltage, a third end of the switching unit is coupled to a first end of the capacitor, and a second end of the capacitor is coupled to a second system voltage.
US08450968B2
The system is universal and is designed to carry out the functions of supporting the vehicle, blocking against theft, recharging the battery, measuring the level of charge and transmitting control, use and other data, all automatically once the vehicle is in its resting position. The parking system comprises two ports: the “vehicle port” (1) and the “station port” (5). The “vehicle port (1)” comprises two identical parts to be installed on each side of one of the wheels of the vehicle, the vehicle being a bicycle or a motorcycle. The “vehicle port” (1) is fitted to the shaft (2) of the wheel (4) by means of a threaded hole (15). This shaft (2) passes through the bushing of the wheel (3) leaving the bicycle fork (13) in the middle. This shaft (2), may belong to the bushing (3) of the wheel (4), or be introduced separately. The “vehicle port” (1) is electrically connected to the bicycle battery or control box by means of two wires (11) to enable recharging.
US08450965B2
A system that monitors fuel cells in a fuel cell group. The system includes a plurality of voltage sensors coupled to the fuel cells in the fuel cell group, where each sensor monitors a different voltage of the fuel cells and where lower priority voltage sensors monitor higher voltages and higher priority sensors monitor lower voltages. The system also includes a plurality of oscillators where a separate oscillator is coupled to each of the sensors. Each oscillator operates at a different frequency where higher frequency oscillators are coupled to lower priority sensors and lower frequency oscillators are coupled to higher priority sensors. A light source that receives frequency signals from the oscillators and switches on and off in response to the frequency signals. A light pipe receives the switched light signals from the light source and provides light signals at a certain frequency at an end of the light pipe.
US08450963B2
A brushless, synchronous machine is provided. A brushless, synchronous motor includes a rotor, a stator extending around at least a portion of the rotor and separated from the rotor by an air gap, a first stator winding, a second stator winding, a third stator winding, a drive circuit, a first rotor winding, a second rotor winding, and a diode bridge. The first stator winding, the second stator winding, and the third stator winding are mounted to the stator to generate square waves. The drive circuit is configured to provide a current to the first stator winding, the second stator winding, and the third stator winding, wherein the current includes an alternating current (AC) component and a direct current (DC) component. The first rotor winding is mounted to the rotor to form a plurality of third harmonic coils. The second rotor winding is mounted to the rotor. The generated square waves induce a voltage in the first rotor winding that is applied to the second rotor winding to create a brushless, synchronous motor. The diode bridge is mounted to the rotor to rectify the voltage induced in the first rotor winding and to apply the resulting DC voltage to the second rotor winding.
US08450957B2
A space vector based synchronous modulating method includes sampling a frequency f of a reference voltage vector; checking a relational table of frequencies and carrier wave ratios by the frequency f so as to obtain a carrier wave ratio N; obtaining a passing angle Δθ of the reference voltage vector by Δθ=2π/N; obtaining a modulating angle θm of the reference voltage vector by θm=(Nth−1)×Δθ, in which Nth indicates which time of sampling; obtaining a modulating ratio m according to a modulating ratio-frequency curve; accounting and synthesizing an output angle of three basic voltage vectors of the reference voltage vector according to the modulating angle θm and the passing angle Δθ of the reference voltage vector and the modulating ratio m; comparing a variable quantity θf the reference voltage vector angle θ and the output angle of three basic voltage vectors, and outputting corresponding basic voltage vectors according to the comparing result; synthesizing an output voltage in accordance with the reference voltage vector by the basic voltage vectors.
US08450951B2
A system to regulate gyrotron power is configured to raise the filament voltage of a gyrotron to a standby voltage, then set the filament voltage to the normal standby voltage plus a current offset voltage before pulsing the gyrotron. The system is further configured to increase the filament voltage to a boost voltage that is higher than the standby voltage, thereby inducing a temperature increase in the cathode that offsets the cooling effect of radiating. The system is also configured to analyze a beam power of the gyrotron and adjust the filament voltage to bring a beam current within a range, and reduce the filament offset to zero such that the filament voltage is equal to the standby voltage.
US08450950B2
An enhanced control mechanism for an LED light string system is provided for switching between one of two DC output phases or polarities so as to actuate one or the other of two LEDs within the bulbs on the light string. The control mechanism is further configured to allow switching so as to pass through the input power provided by a light string that is plugged into its electrical power feeding end. The control mechanism may provide either AC, rectified AC, or DC voltage of various values to the LED string according to the particular needs of the LED bulbs.
US08450947B2
A backlight control circuit includes a secondary winding, a control circuit, a first circuit including a first capacitor and a first switching element, and a second circuit including a second switching element and a reactance element. A method for driving the backlight control circuit includes the control circuit switching off the first switching element, and the secondary winding outputting a startup AC voltage to the lamp. A first resonant circuit which includes the lamp, the secondary winding and the first circuit is formed, with a first resonant frequency suitable to light up the lamp. The control circuit switches on the first switching element, and the secondary winding outputs an operation AC voltage to the lamp. A second resonant circuit which includes the lamp, the secondary winding, the first and second circuit is formed, with a second resonant frequency suitable to keep the lamp lighted.
US08450944B2
An intelligent light, such as a light for connecting with a low voltage line, is provided. The intelligent light includes a light source for coupling with a low voltage line, and a processor in communication with the light source and the low voltage line. The processor determines a voltage on the low voltage line and operates intermittent switching of the light source as a function of the determined voltage and the intermittent switching used to maintain an output level of the light source.
US08450940B2
A gas-discharge lamp controller utilizing a novel preheating phase control mechanism, having: a supply voltage tracking reference voltages generator, biased between a supply voltage and a reference ground, for generating a first reference voltage which is proportional to the supply voltage; and a control unit, for generating a high threshold signal according to the first reference voltage and a saw-tooth signal, the peak value of the saw-tooth signal being proportional to the supply voltage, wherein the control unit has a preheating phase, the high threshold signal is coupled with the first reference voltage during the preheating phase, and the time duration of the preheating phase is set by a predetermined number of periods of the saw-tooth signal.
US08450938B2
The present invention provides a cost effective analog apparatus to enable the user to obtain a display of varied color frequencies using a variety of LED light sources, both in the visual and non-visual ranges, acting in synchronous response to electronic input sources. The present invention provides an analog LED controller that includes a power supply terminal, an input terminal, and a plurality of color LED control circuits. The plurality of color LED control circuits include a first color LED control circuit, one or more nth color LED control circuits and a Nth color LED control circuit, wherein 1
US08450932B2
A high pressure sodium lamp includes a lamp base, a light admissible housing and a sodium vapor illumination arrangement, which includes a light core extended from the lamp base into the light admissible housing; a supporting frame, and an arc tube. The supporting frame longitudinally extends in the light admissible housing, and has an upper end portion supported by an upper portion of the light admissible housing, and a lower end portion supported by the light core. The arc tube has a first and a second electrode formed at two ends thereof and electrically connected with the upper end portion of the supporting frame and the light core respectively, wherein sodium vapor in the arc tube is electrically excited to discharge light having an intensity equivalent to that generated by more than 1000 W power.
US08450927B2
An LED bulb, which includes a shell, a filler material within the shell of the bulb, at least one type of phosphor dispersed inside the filler material and at least one LED within the shell.
US08450924B2
The present invention provides an organic light-emitting element where a lower electrode, an organic compound layer and an upper electrode are laminated on a substrate, wherein the upper electrode of the organic EL element is formed by a laminate of at least a conductive first inorganic film, a conductive organic film and a conductive second inorganic film, in order to suppress the occurrence of dark spot, so that the occurrence of pinholes in the upper electrode leading to dark spots is suppressed. Here, pinholes refer to holes in the upper electrode that penetrate upper electrode from the organic compound layer underneath to the atmosphere above.
US08450922B2
A luminophore consisting of the BAM system as a host lattice, having the stoichiometry MxEu1−xMg1−y+dMnyAl10+2fO17+d+3f, is provided, wherein 0.2≦x≦0.48; 0≦y≦0.3; 0≦d≦0.1; −0.1≦f≦1.0.
US08450920B2
The present disclosure provides a field emission electronic device. The field emission electronic device includes an insulating substrate, a first electrical conductor located on surface of the insulating substrate, a number of electron emitters connected to the first electrical conductor, a second electrical conductor spaced apart from and insulated from the first electrical conductor. Each of the number of electron emitters includes at least one electron emitter. Each of the electron emitters includes a carbon nanotube pipe. The carbon nanotube pipe includes a first end, a second end and a main body connecting the first end and the second end. The first end of the carbon nanotube pipe is electrically connected to one of the plurality of row electrodes. The second end of the carbon nanotube pipe has a number of carbon nanotube peaks.
US08450915B2
An object of the present invention is to provide an LED bulb in which temperature of a lighting circuit is suppressed from rising during lighting of an LED so that life time of the lighting circuit is maintained without increasing manufacturing cost of components. According to the invention, an LED module 11 having multiple LEDs surface-mounted thereon is mounted in a heat dissipating unit 12. Heat generated by the LEDs is dissipated through multiple heat dissipating fins 18 of the heat dissipating unit 12. A glove 14, covering the LED module 11, radiates outward radiant light from the LEDs. A lighting circuit 17 for lighting the LEDs is incorporated in an inner hollow portion 23 of a cap 16 arranged on a side opposite to the glove 14 of the heat dissipating unit 12. Accordingly, the heat generated by the LEDs of the LED module 11 is mostly dissipated by the heat dissipating unit 12, thereby suppressing the temperature of the lighting circuit from rising.
US08450909B2
A piezoelectric power generating apparatus comprises a frame body having an axis line, a moving member and a plurality of piezoelectric portions. The moving member is penetrated into the frame body. Each of the piezoelectric portions comprises a first end and a second end. Each of the first ends is fixed at the frame body and each of the second ends is fixed at the moving member. The moving member is moved back and forth along the axis line of the frame body.
US08450906B2
A piezoelectric thin-film resonator includes a substrate, a lower electrode provided on the substrate, a piezoelectric film provided on the substrate and the lower electrode, an upper electrode provided on the piezoelectric film, and an additional pattern, a cavity being formed between the lower electrode and the substrate in a resonance portion in which the lower electrode and the upper electrode face each other through the piezoelectric film, the additional pattern being provided in a position that is on the lower electrode and includes an interface between the resonance portion and a non-resonance portion.
US08450905B2
A method, computer readable medium, and system for controlling velocity of at least partially resonant actuator system includes obtaining at an actuator controller computing system a selected operating velocity within an operational velocity range for at least one of one or more at least partially resonant actuator devices. A width of one or more pulses of a driving signal for the at least one of one or more at least partially resonant actuator devices is adjusted with the actuator controller computing system based on the selected operating velocity. The driving signal with the adjusted width of the one or more pulses is provided with the actuator controller computing system to obtain the selected operating velocity at the at least one of the one or more at least partially resonant actuator devices.
US08450903B2
An electrostrictive composite includes a first material layer and a second material layer. The first material layer and the second material layer are stacked to each other. The thermal expansion coefficients of the first material layer and the second material layer are different. The first material layer includes a polymer matrix and a plurality of carbon nanotubes dispersed therein. Also an electrothermic type actuator using the electrostrictive composite is provided.
US08450901B2
A motor for a compressor and a hermetic compressor having the same are provided. An aluminum coil is used in the motor for the compressor, and sectional areas of main and sub slot portions and numbers thereof are adjusted to be suitable for usage conditions, whereby fabricating costs of the motor for the compressor and the hermetic compressor may drastically be reduced. Also, as the aluminum coil of the motor for the compressor is coupled to a lead wire in a welding manner, breaking of the aluminum coil, which may occur when coupling the aluminum coil to the lead wire, may be prevented, resulting in improvement of assembly reliability of the reciprocating compressor.
US08450893B2
A casing of a motor with resolver includes a stator, a motor shaft rotatably supported by a bearing, a motor rotor integrally rotatable with the motor shaft, and a resolver for detecting a rotation angle of the motor rotor. The resolver includes a disc-shaped resolver stator held on the motor casing and having a surface on which a thin-film-shaped coil is formed, and a disc-shaped resolver rotor provided on an end face of the motor rotor and having a surface on which a thin-film-shaped coil is formed. Part of the motor casing holding the outer periphery of the resolver stator is formed as a shield portion cylindrically protruding along the outer periphery of the resolver rotor to the rotor. The motor casing and the shield portion are each made of a non-magnetic conductive material.
US08450871B2
The invention relates to a wind power plant (W) with a rotor, which is in operative connection with a gearbox (13) via a rotor shaft (12), wherein in particular the gearbox (13) is in operative connection with a generator via a main drive (19). Moreover, the invention relates to a method for the operation of a wind power plant (W) with a rotor and use of a driving device. The wind power plant (W), with a rotor, is further established in that the gearbox (13) has an auxiliary drive (30) and in that a rotor positioning rotating device (24) is arranged on the auxiliary drive (30) so that using the rotor positioning rotating device (24) and the auxiliary drive (30) of the gearbox (13), the rotor of the wind power plant (W) is positioned, and wherein the auxiliary drive (30) cannot be switched within the gearbox (13).
US08450869B2
An ocean wave power device, including a floating body, an electric generator, multiple water wheels, and a hydraulic accelerator, the electric generator is fixed on the floating body, the rotating shaft is disposed between the hydraulic accelerator and the floating body, and capable of rotating with respect to the floating body and the hydraulic accelerator, the top of the rotating shaft passes through the floating body and is connected to a rotor of the electric generator, the bottom of the rotating shaft passes through the hydraulic accelerator and is fixedly connected to the water wheel, a water channel is disposed on the hydraulic accelerator, and operates to form high-speed flow whereby driving the water wheels to rotate in the same direction.
US08450862B2
Disclosed is an electric power generating apparatus. The electric power generating apparatus includes a casing including an interior space, a permanent magnet that is provided in the interior space and capable of being reciprocated, a coil provided on an outer periphery of the interior space, an electric circuit unit to output a voltage, as an electric energy, generated in the coil by reciprocating the permanent magnet, a detection unit to detect a characteristic of the voltage, and a sound generation unit to generate sound that is associated with at least one of a period and amplitude of the voltage based on a result of detection by the detection unit.
US08450859B2
A semiconductor device mounted structure includes a semiconductor device having a plurality of first electrodes, a circuit board having a plurality of second electrodes, a plurality of bumps respectively formed on the plurality of first electrodes, a plurality of bonding members respectively positioned between the bumps and the second electrodes to electrically connect the first electrodes to the second electrodes via the bumps, and a plurality of reinforcing resin members respectively positioned around the bonding members so as to cover at least the bonding members and bonding regions between the bonding members and the bumps. Adjacent reinforcing resin members are spaced away from each other so as not to have contact with each other without being in contact with the semiconductor device. This semiconductor device mounted structure enhances the reliability of joints in impact resistance and makes it easy to repair it.
US08450856B2
In a semiconductor device, an organic insulation pattern is disposed between first and second rerouting patterns. The organic insulation pattern may absorb the physical stress that occurs when the first and second rerouting patterns expand under heat. Since the organic insulation pattern is disposed between the first and second rerouting patterns, insulating properties can be increased relative to a semiconductor device in which a semiconductor pattern is disposed between rerouting patterns. Also, since a seed layer pattern is disposed between the first and second rerouting patterns and the organic insulation pattern and between the substrate and the organic insulation pattern, the adhesive strength of the first and second rerouting patterns is enhanced. This also reduces any issues with delamination. Also, the seed layer pattern prevents the metal that forms the rerouting pattern from being diffused to the organic insulation pattern. Therefore, a semiconductor device with enhanced reliability may be implemented.
US08450853B2
A semiconductor device includes an electronic component having an electrode pad provided on an electrode pad forming face, and a rear face positioned on a side opposite to the electrode pad forming face; an insulating member provided to seal a periphery of the electronic component, and having a first face exposing the electrode pad forming face of the electronic component and a second face exposing the rear face of the electronic component; a multi-layer wiring structure body provided to cover the first face of the insulating member, the electrode pad, and the electrode pad forming face, and including a plurality of insulating layers laminated on each other, and a wiring pattern; and a piercing electrode piercing the insulating member from the first face to the second face. The wiring pattern is directly connected to the electrode pad and the piercing electrode.
US08450850B2
Provided are a thin-film transistor (TFT) substrate and a method of manufacturing the same. The method includes: forming a passivation film by forming an insulating film on a substrate; forming a photoresist pattern by forming a photoresist film on the passivation film, exposing the photoresist film to light, and developing the photoresist film; performing a first dry-etching by dry-etching the passivation film using the photoresist pattern as an etch mask; performing a baking to reduce a size of the photoresist pattern; performing a second dry-etching to form a contact hole by dry-etching the passivation film again using the photoresist pattern as a mask; removing the photoresist pattern; and forming a pixel electrode of a carbon composition that includes carbon nanotubes and/or graphene on a top surface of the passivation film.
US08450847B2
A method for producing an optoelectronic device includes providing a carrier, applying at least one first metal layer on the carrier, providing at least one optical component, applying at least one second metal layer on the at least one optical component, and mechanically connecting the carrier to the at least one optical component by the at least one first and the at least one second metal layer, wherein the connecting includes friction welding or is friction welding.
