The invention belongs to a calibration method of an error which is measured by a multi-position strapdown north seeking device, in particular to a calibration method of orientation effect of a multi-position strapdown north seeking device. A true north prism, two theodolites and a mechanical dividing rotating platform are used as auxiliary testing tools, the multi-position strapdown north seeking device is fixed on the mechanical dividing rotating platform, and is divided according to one circle equipartition point, an angle of a benchmark prism of a strapdown north seeking system and the true north direction is defined through rotating an equipartition angle value at one time by the mechanical rotating platform and through the true north prism system in an initial rotating position of the north seeking system, and then the angle is compared with a north-oriented value which is measured by the strapdown north seeking system, the error is calculated, and an azimuthal effect of a gyroscope which is simulated according to the characteristic of the error is marked. The invention effectively eliminates measuring error which is caused by the azimuthal effect, thereby improves the measuring accuracy of the multi-position strapdown north seeking system.