The invention provides a method for extracting stable spectrum characteristics of a solid matter, comprising the steps of: firstly, carrying out multiscale decomposition on spectrum data, then carrying out regional division on the topography under all the scales respectively, carrying out local binary coding on each region so as to complete the expression on shape trends for the spectrum data, then generating a regional characteristic histogram according to the binary coding of each region, sequentially connecting all the regional characteristic histograms of all the regions under the same scale so as to form a spatial enhanced histogram, and finally carrying out weighting and calculating on the obtained spatial enhanced histograms of different scales to obtain a spectrum characteristic vector. The invention is used for extracting the stable intrinsic spectrum characteristics of solid materials under different conditions, has robustness resistant to condition changes and excellent separating capacity, and provides support for spectrum based target identification under complex conditions.