The invention discloses a machining method for manufacturing a regular microtexture on the surface of a metal matrix or coating, and belongs to the technical field of laser machining and micro-abrasive jet machining. The machining method includes steps of manufacturing a mask, and machining a texture. In the step of manufacturing the mask, a metal material or an inorganic material is used as a mask plate material, patterns are machined on the plate material by a laser machining process, the thickness of a mask plate ranges from 50 micrometers to 300 micrometers, and a ratio of the thickness of the mask plate to the diameter of the smallest pattern of the texture is required to range from 0.5 to 1.2. In the step of machining the texture, the mask is fixed onto the surface of the metal matrix or coating to be machined after the surface of the metal matrix or coating is ground and cleaned, erosion machining is carried out by a micro-abrasive jet machining technology, the erosion pressure ranges from 0.3MPa to 0.8MPa, hard abrasive grains with grain sizes smaller than 50 micrometers are selected, and the diameter of a gas jet nozzle of a spray gun ranges from 1 millimeter to 3 millimeters. The machining method has the advantages of wide application range, high machining efficiency and precision, low cost, good repeatability, controllable machined patterns and the like.