The invention discloses a bridge space energy consumption limit device, which comprises a longitudinal energy consumption limit device and a transversal consumption limit device, wherein the longitudinal energy consumption limit device is arranged between a bridge and an abutment; the transversal consumption limit device is arranged in the seam between bridges; the device is simple to make and convenient to assemble; under normal operation, the device can stretch freely along with the structure, while under the action of strong shock, the longitudinal limit cover board can effectively prevent beam jumping; and the longitudinal and the transversal consumption limit device can limit the development of relative displacement and realize the self reset of the device after the shock through a shape memory alloy spring stretching and compression energy consumption. The bridge space energy consumption limit device can effectively solve the problems in the conventional bridge regarding the safety of the longitudinal and the transversal displacement, the continuous energy consumption capability, and the self reset after the shock.