The invention discloses a friction coefficient model optimizing system and method in the rolling process, and belongs to the technical field of control mathematical models in the rolling process. The Levenberg-Marquardt optimization algorithm is adopted to optimize friction coefficient model parameters in the rolling process. The friction coefficient model optimizing system is characterized by comprising a rolling process database, a rolling process technological parameter data sheet and following function modules which are a technological data reading and processing module, a technological data dependency analysis module, a Levenberg-Marquardt optimization algorithm analysis module, an optimization result storage module and an optimization result application module. The friction coefficient model optimizing system has the advantages that on the premise that key technological parameters are fully considered, the method can effectively process redundant parameters, actual rolling parameters on the site are utilized for directly conducting regression optimization on parameters of a nonlinear polynomial rolling process friction coefficient model, the linear processing process is prevented from being carried out on the complex friction coefficient model, the actual rolling situation on the site can be better reflected, friction coefficient setting computational accuracy is improved, the requirement for high-accuracy rolling is met, and therefore the product quality and yield are improved.