The invention relates to an optimization method of a sintering proportioning structure, belongs to the technical field of sintering proportioning, and solves the problem that a sintering process and the quality improvement of sintering ores cannot be realized in an existing sintering proportioning mode. The optimization method is characterized by prior to determination of the dosages of iron mine powder, fusing agents and fuels in a sintering mixture, comprising the following steps: 1, drying the iron mine powder for sintering into dry basis iron mine powder; 2, uniformly mixing and splitting each dry basis iron mine powder and testing P nucleus which is the weight percent of Nuclear ore with grain size of 0.63-10mm in the dry basis iron mine powder, and P powder which is the weight percent of adhesive powder with the grain size less than 0.2mm in the dry basis iron mine powder respectively; 3, testing L powder which is the liquid phase fluidity index of the adhesive powder with the grain size less than 0.2mm in the dry iron mine powder; 4, repeatedly carrying out the steps from 1 to 3, and testing the nucleus ratio, the powder ratio and the liquid phase fluidity indexes of the second iron mine powder, the third iron mine powder,... and the ith iron mine powder; and 5, determining the proportion of the iron mine powder in the mixture according to a restriction condition. According to the optimization method, the adverse effect on the sintering process and the quality of the sintering ores caused by superfusion of the ores or the insufficiency of liquid phase quantity can be avoided, and the method is reasonable in carbon proportioning, easy to operate, high in practicability and can adapt to a diversified raw material structure.