The invention discloses a self-adaptive current control system for inhibiting system high-frequency oscillation. The self-adaptive current control system comprises three main parts of dual-PI control under conventional rotational coordinates, a harmonic wave online detection link, special frequency band gain adjustment of a current loop, and the like. The value of amplitude of a harmonic component is obtained by detecting current waveform, during operation, of a filter capacitor of the grid-connected inverter in real time and analyzing harmonic wave components in the waveform; and when the detected value of amplitude of the harmonic component is greater than a set threshold value, the gain, at the harmonic wave frequency, of a current controller is inhibited by regulating a wave trap corresponding to the output end of the current controller, thereby preventing the grid-connected inverter from interacting with the system at the frequency point, and amplifying the harmonic waves. According to the control method disclosed by the invention, under different power grid harmonic oscillation environments, the automatic adjustment for the gain, at the harmonic oscillation frequency point, of the current controller can be realized, thereby improving the stable operation capacity of the grid-connected inverter.