The invention discloses a large aperture optical element dynamic clean maintenance and transfer device. The large aperture optical element dynamic clean maintenance and transfer device includes a clean transfer box with a cuboid structure, a head board, a back board and slideways, wherein the front end of the clean transfer box is an openmouthed port and the rear end of the clean transfer box is provided with an air inlet; the head board is detachably arranged at the front openmouthed port position of the clean transfer box and can cover the openmouthed port; the back board is detachably arranged at the air inlet position and can shield the air inlet; and the slideways are symmetrically arranged on the top wall and the bottom surface of the clean transfer box, and each slideway is provided with at least one chute, wherein the width of the middle part of the chute is greater than the width of two ends of the chute. The large aperture optical element dynamic clean maintenance and transfer device of the invention satisfies the cleaning requirement for a large aperture optical element during the on-line installation and maintenance process and the operation process. When the large aperture optical element enters the slideways, certain flexible adjusting is realized, so the large aperture optical element is convenient and reliable to transfer. The device has the advantages of being simple in structure and convenient to operate.