The invention belongs to the technical field of wine identifying, and relates to a mineral element-based fingerprint identification method used for identifying wine countries of origin. The mineral element-based fingerprint identification method comprises following steps: (1) wine is directly diluted, fullquant analysis is adopted, ICP-MS and ICP-OES are adopted for detecting 30 kinds of mineral elements (Li, Be, Al, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Ag, Cd, Cs, Ba, Hg, Tl, Pb, U, Ge, Sn, B, Na, Mg, Ca, Fe, and P) in wine; (2) combination with a statistical system is adopted, and by-step discrimination is adopted for analyzing and screening characteristic elements; and (3) test validation and prediction identification of wine sample countries of origin are carried out based on the characteristic elements, or a wine support vector machine (SVM ) country of origin identification model is established based on the characteristic elements. The mineral element-based fingerprint identification method is a wine countries of origin identification technology with high practicality; pollution is less; operation is simple; results are visual; accurate is high; and wine kind identification models and model classification identification of other agricultural products can be established further.