The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of new materials, in particular to a germanium single crystal growth furnace and a germanium single crystal growth temperature control method based on the growth furnace. The germanium single crystal growth furnace is fixed on a base vertically and is characterized in that the growth furnace adopts a cylindrical stainless steel furnace body; several heating electrodes are arranged on the side wall of the furnace body from bottom to top; annular thermal insulation materials are arranged inside the furnace body; a support system is arranged at the bottom of a central shaft of the furnace body; a special-shaped quartz tube is erected on the support system; a lower crucible, a middle ring, an upper crucible and a sealing cap are sequentially arranged in the special-shaped quartz tube from bottom to top; quartz wool covers the special-shaped quartz tube. The growth furnace specific to the growth characteristics of 8-inch germanium single crystals is exquisite in structure and reasonable in design of temperature area.