The invention discloses a memristor-based episodic memory circuit and an operation method thereof. The episodic memory circuit includes a coding circuit and a retrieval circuit; the coding circuit codes an event according to the event itself and the relevant characteristics of the event and stores codes in the circuit, deletes stored information through erasing signals, and adopts generated engram signals as the input signals of a low-stage circuit; and the retrieval circuit can matches the engram signals with retrieval signals so as to generate a corresponding episodic memory behavior. With the memristor-based episodic memory circuit and the operation method thereof of the invention adopted, the episodic memory behaviors of living creatures can be simulated according to applied relevant operation pulses.