The invention provides a magnetic suspension optical scanning range finding device and method, relating to the field of range finding. The magnetic suspension optical scanning range finding device includes a fixed base, an angle encoder, a rotating system, a laser range finding system, a power supply transmission and data reception device, a power supply reception and wireless data transmission device, and a data processing module, the rotation of the laser range finding system is realized by a magnetic suspension device to prevent machinery wearing, the power supply reception and wireless data transmission device is used to receive data and electrical energy transmitted by the power supply transmission and data reception device, and the power supply reception and wireless data transmission device supplies power to the laser range finding system, so that the wire wearing can be prevented. The invention solves the technical problems that a small-sized laser radar internal device in the prior art is easy to wear and influences the service life.