The embodiment of the invention discloses an anti-collision structure and a robot. The anti-collision structure comprises a collision component, a base plate, a limiting component, a plurality of elastic components and a collision sensing switch, wherein a hollow part is arranged on the collision component, a limiting plate is arranged on the inner wall of the hollow part, and a limiting hole is formed in the limiting plate; a limiting component is arranged on the base plate and located inside the limiting hole; one end of each elastic component is connected with the limiting component, and the other end of each elastic component is connected to different positions of the limiting plate; the collision sensing switch is arranged on the collision component and the base plate; when external collision force is exerted to the collision component, the collision component displaces, and the collision sensing switch is triggered so that the collision sensing switch can generate a collision signal; when external collision force disappears, the collision component resets under the effect of restoring force of the elastic components; correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention further provides the robot; collision force of each angle can be detected, and the number of detection dead corners is effectively decreased.