The invention discloses a driving cooling system. The driving cooling system comprises a hydraulic driving device and an electric control device, wherein the hydraulic driving device is used for receiving a control signal, adjusting power output of a gear motor and controlling the rotating speed of a cooling fan; the electric control device is used for acquiring temperature signal difference of an inlet/outlet pipeline of a heat radiator and forming a control signal output associated with heat dissipating capacity. According to the driving cooling system and the cooling control method disclosed by the invention, aiming at a hydraulic mechanical driving device for a high power vehicle, maximum heat dissipating capacity of the cooling system covers a relatively-wide rotating speed range of an engine as much as possible, so that reliable work of the engine is guaranteed; the heat dissipating capacity of the cooling system realizes a control logic that the rotating speed of the fan changes along with temperature change of a cooling medium. When a control system has faults, the cooling system can work at the maximum heat dissipating capacity, and normal work of the engine is guaranteed.