The invention discloses an adjustable propulsion shaft transfer device for multi-shaft jet propulsion ship models, and belongs to the technical field of ship model tests. The adjustable propulsion shaft transfer device comprises an input shaft, output shafts, synchronous wheels, a synchronous belt, tension wheels, an embedded bearing, a gear case, a bottom plate, a first vertical plate and a second vertical plate. The adjustable propulsion shaft transfer device has the advantages that the adjustable propulsion shaft transfer device in half-division and quarter-division designs is applicable to propulsion shafts of the double-jet or quadruple-jet propulsion ship models, motor input power of the single input shaft can be transmitted onto the 2 or 4 output shafts by multiple synchronous wheel transmission sets, and jet propulsion machines connected with the rears of the output shafts can synchronously work under the control; mounting processes for multi-shaft systems can be simplified, only small mounting spaces are occupied, and mounting spaces of the multi-screw ship models can be saved; the speeds can be regulated by the gear case, accordingly, rotational speed and torque requirements of propellers of the output shafts can be met, and the adjustable propulsion shaft transfer device is good in synchronism and high in transmission efficiency; components of the adjustable propulsion shaft transfer device are made of standard parts, and accordingly the adjustable propulsion shaft transfer device is low in cost, easy to mount and high in applicability.