The embodiment of the invention discloses an intelligent four-axis mechanical arm and a drawer cabinet frame blood collection tube storage system. The intelligent four-axis mechanical arm comprises anX-axis moving assembly, a Y-axis moving assembly, a first Z-axis moving assembly, a second Z-axis moving assembly, a tube clamping mechanical arm rotating assembly and a bothway telescoping device. The tube clamping mechanical arm rotating assembly is arranged on a second Z-axis moving sliding table and has the rotational degree of freedom within the range of 0-180 degrees. The bothway telescoping device is arranged on a first Z-axis moving sliding table. Second-level telescopic setting is adopted in the bothway telescoping device, and bolts used for opening and closing drawers are arranged at the tail end of the bothway telescoping device. The bolts are matched with inserting grooves in the drawers so that the corresponding drawers can be opened and closed, and blood collection tubes canbe taken out of a blood collection tube bracket or put into the blood collection tube bracket.