The invention discloses an ultrasonic vibration system for cutting honeycomb core materials. The ultrasonic vibration system comprises a first-stage ultrasonic vibration system, a second-stage ultrasonic vibration system and an ultrasonic cutting tool, wherein the first-stage ultrasonic vibration system comprises a first-stage transducer and a first-stage ultrasonic horn, and the second-stage ultrasonic vibration system comprises a second-stage transducer and a second-stage ultrasonic horn; and the second-stage transducer comprises a second-stage piezoelectric ceramic piece and a second-stagerear cover plate, and the front end of the first-stage ultrasonic horn is connected with the second-stage ultrasonic horn. The integral size of the ultrasonic vibration system is reduced while large amplitude is generated, and the problems that the lateral vibration generated by oversize of the radial size and the volume of the ultrasonic cutting tool is large and the rotating speed is low due tothe fact that the axial size is too large are effectively reduced; and the requirements of cutting the paper honeycomb materials by the ultrasonic cutting can be met, the energy transmission loss canbe reduced, and the machining cost can be reduced.