The invention discloses a video satellite moving target tracking imaging method based on image guidance. The method comprises the following steps of S100, obtaining coordinate information of a targetin a satellite view angle image; S200, calculating an error quaternion and an error angular velocity from an actual attitude of a satellite to an expected attitude under a satellite body coordinate system according to the coordinate information at the satellite view angle sampling moment, and controlling the satellite to adjust the attitude by adopting a proportional differential controller by taking the error quaternion and the error angular velocity as feedback quantities; and S300, judging whether the target is in the center of the satellite view angle image or not, if not, repeating the steps S100 to S200, and if so, stopping. According to the method, staring tracking imaging can be carried out on the non-cooperative moving target through the video satellite. The invention further provides a device adopting the method.