The invention discloses an offshore drill rod device provided with a rubber air spring capable of being continuously used. The offshore drill rod device comprises a drill rod, a drill rod lifting device and the rubber air spring. The rubber air spring comprises an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate and the rubber air bag, a closed space is formed by the upper cover plate, the lower cover plateand the air bag, and a gas generation device is arranged in the closed space; a gas generation agent is arranged in the gas generation device, the top end of the drill rod is fixedly connected with the lower cover plate, and the drill rod lifting device is fixedly connected with the upper cover plate. An existing offshore drill rod device is improved, the rubber air spring is arranged between thedrill rod lifting device and the drill rod, in use at ordinary times, edge gears of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate of the rubber air spring are meshed, normal work of the offshore drill rod device is not affected, in severe weather such as a typhoon, the rubber air spring is inflated to prevent the drill rod from being broken and damaged due to violent shaking, and a gas generation agent supply device is arranged in the rubber air spring and can be continuously used by the gas generation device.