The invention discloses a dead time compensation method for a motor controller based on current prediction, which comprises the following steps: the instantaneous currents ia, ib and ic of the three phases of a motor are converted to obtain Idfbk and Iqfbk in a DQ rotating coordinate system; voltage reference instructions are obtained by subtracting Idfbk and Iqfbk from current instructions Idrefand Iqref input by a motor controller respectively, and the instructions are converted to V(alpha) and V(beta) in a static alpha-beta coordinate system; a dead time compensation module is set up in the motor controller, wherein the current input signals are Idfbk and Iqfbk, and the angle input signal is a compensated motor rotor angle; the instantaneous currents of the three phases needed for deadtime compensation are obtained through a current prediction module, the error voltage and dead time are obtained by looking up the table, and the three-phase instantaneous dead time error voltage compensation duty cycle is obtained through calculation; and the compensation duty cycle is superimposed on duty ratios of three phases generated by V(alpha) and V(beta) passing through an SVPWM module,and the superimposed duty ratio is input to a PWM driving module to drive the motor to run through an inverter. The method improves the dead time compensation accuracy under different working conditions and ensures the effective and reliable control of the motor.