The invention discloses an equipment safety control system and method based on uncapping self-destruction. The system comprises a trigger mechanism and a self-destruction unit, wherein the self-destruction unit comprises a DC/DC module, a high-performance battery, a voltage-stabilizing module, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a power-on/power-off control circuit, a short-circuit preventiondetection circuit and an encryption/decryption module; when an external cover plate is disassembled maliciously, the trigger mechanism works, and the high-performance battery converts to 3.3v voltage,2.5v voltage and 1.5v voltage through the voltage-stabilizing module, and outputs the voltages to the FPGA; meanwhile, the FPGA detects self-destruction detection information, and sends a destructioncommand to the encryption/decryption module; the encryption/decryption module clears stored information after receiving the destruction command; and the FPGA clears the self-stored information aftersending the destruction command. When equipment is disassembled maliciously, a self-destruction program can be enabled, and key content and key information stored inside the equipment are destructed,so that a stealer is prevented from getting information stored in the equipment by directly cracking an internal storage chip.