The invention provides a rail circuit train operation simulation device. The device comprises a signal source, a rail circuit simulation combination and a control board card, wherein the signal sourceis connected with the track circuit simulation combination and is used for providing real electrical characteristic information according to a standard FSK signal of a ZPW2000 track circuit; and thecontrol board card is connected with the track circuit simulation combination and is used for controlling the track circuit simulation combination to act so as to simulate the track occupation or clearing state of a section. Compared with the prior art, the rail circuit train operation simulation device of the invention has substantive features and progresses, and particularly, through the arrangement of the track circuit simulation combination, a train passing scene simulation environment with a plurality of sections which are continuous in interval is provided, the problem that a laboratorycannot realize the simulation of a real train passing environment on site is solved, and a data basis is provided for PLC communication performance test of a railway outdoor monitoring system.