The utility model discloses a rail surface hurt collection system, rail surface hurt collection system include locating component with set up in the last collection subassembly of locating component, locating component is including installing respectively two at two locating rack (2) and the both ends of fixed mounting on rail (1) track (4) on locating rack (2), follow track (4) the length direction of rail (1) sets up and is on a parallel with rail (1), gather the subassembly including can along collection car (5) that removed track (4) and fix be used for gathering on gathering car (5) collection piece (6) of rail (1) surperficial hurt characteristic. The utility model discloses a rail surface hurt collection system can realize that the rail failure characteristic of gathering is indeformable to the quantitative analysis that can be used for rail failure.