The utility model discloses a power supply structure of a three-dimensional deformation monitoring system based on a Beidou satellite. The power supply structure comprises a photovoltaic power generation panel fixedly installed above a box body and a rechargeable battery fixedly installed in the box body. The photovoltaic power generation panel is integrally inclined with the power generation panel facing upwards; the rechargeable battery is electrically connected with the photovoltaic power generation panel through a cable; a power generation plate cleaning mechanism is further included. Thepower generation panel cleaning mechanism is integrally and fixedly installed at the position adjacent to the highest position of the photovoltaic power generation panel. the power generation plate cleaning mechanism comprises a rainwater storage device; the whole rainwater storage device is of a strip-shaped V-shaped groove structure with the length direction parallel to the length direction of the transverse frame edge at the highest position of the photovoltaic power generation panel. End plates for sealing are arranged at the two ends of the strip-shaped V-shaped groove structure, hinged shafts in mirror symmetry are perpendicularly and fixedly arranged on the outer side faces of the end plates at the two ends and located at the rear positions of the middles of the end plates in the height direction, and the rainwater storage device is hinged to the cleaning support through the hinged shafts.