A substrate inspection apparatus may include: a communication circuit; a plurality of light sources; an image sensor; at least one memory; and at least one processor. The processor may be configured to: generate insertion state information indicating an insertion state of each of a plurality of pins included in each of a plurality of first connectors by using the pattern light reflected from the pin tail of each of the plurality of pins ; detect at least one second connector having an insertion defect by using the insertion reference information and the insertion state information of each of the plurality of pins; generate a control signal for adjusting at least one first process parameter, based on insertion state information for the plurality of pins included in the at least one second connector; and control the communication circuit to transmit the control signal to the connector insertion apparatus.