Provided is a negative electrode active material which can improve discharge capacity per amount and charge-discharge cycle characteristics. The negative electrode active material of the present embodiment contains at least one of material A and material B, and material C: material A: carbonaceous powder material in which a ratio of a peak intensity at 1360 cm−1 with respect to a peak intensity at 1580 cm−1 in the Raman spectrum is not more than 0.5; material B: carbonaceous powder material in which a ratio of a peak intensity at 1360 cm−1 with respect to a peak intensity at 1580 cm−1 in the Raman spectrum is more than 0.5; material C: powder material whose main component is an active substance made up of an alloy phase. This alloy phase undergoes thermoelastic diffusionless transformation when releasing metal ions or occluding the metal ions.